1980 in Israel
Encyclopedia
Incumbents
- Prime Minister of IsraelPrime Minister of IsraelThe Prime Minister of Israel is the head of the Israeli government and the most powerful political figure in Israel . The prime minister is the country's chief executive. The official residence of the prime minister, Beit Rosh Hamemshala is in Jerusalem...
– Menachem BeginMenachem Begin' was a politician, founder of Likud and the sixth Prime Minister of the State of Israel. Before independence, he was the leader of the Zionist militant group Irgun, the Revisionist breakaway from the larger Jewish paramilitary organization Haganah. He proclaimed a revolt, on 1 February 1944,...
(LikudLikudLikud is the major center-right political party in Israel. It was founded in 1973 by Menachem Begin in an alliance with several right-wing and liberal parties. Likud's victory in the 1977 elections was a major turning point in the country's political history, marking the first time the left had...
) - President of IsraelPresident of IsraelThe President of the State of Israel is the head of state of Israel. The position is largely an apolitical ceremonial figurehead role, with the real executive power lying in the hands of the Prime Minister. The current president is Shimon Peres who took office on 15 July 2007...
– Yitzhak NavonYitzhak NavonYitzhak Navon is an Israeli politician, diplomat, and author. He served as the fifth President of Israel between 1978 and 1982 as a member of the center-left Alignment party... - Chief of General Staff - Rafael EitanRafael EitanRafael "Raful" Eitan was an Israeli general, former Chief of Staff of the Israel Defense Forces and later a politician, a Knesset member government minister...
- Government of Israel - 18th Government of IsraelEighteenth government of IsraelThe eighteenth government of Israel was formed by Menachem Begin on 20 June 1977, following the May 1977 elections. It was the first government in Israeli political history led by a right-wing party, with the coalition consisting of Begin's Likud , the National Religious Party and Agudat...
Events
- January 26 – Israel and EgyptEgyptEgypt , officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, Arabic: , is a country mainly in North Africa, with the Sinai Peninsula forming a land bridge in Southwest Asia. Egypt is thus a transcontinental country, and a major power in Africa, the Mediterranean Basin, the Middle East and the Muslim world...
establish diplomatic relations. - February 24 – The ShekelShekelShekel , is any of several ancient units of weight or of currency. The first usage is from Mesopotamia around 3000 BC. Initially, it may have referred to a weight of barley...
replaces the Israeli lira. - July 30 – Israel'sIsraelThe State of Israel is a parliamentary republic located in the Middle East, along the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea...
KnessetKnessetThe Knesset is the unicameral legislature of Israel, located in Givat Ram, Jerusalem.-Role in Israeli Government :The legislative branch of the Israeli government, the Knesset passes all laws, elects the President and Prime Minister , approves the cabinet, and supervises the work of the government...
passes the Jerusalem LawJerusalem LawThe Jerusalem Law is a common name of Basic Law: Jerusalem, Capital of Israel passed by the Knesset on July 30, 1980 .It began as a private member's bill proposed by Geula Cohen, whose original text stated that "the integrity and unity of greater Jerusalem in its boundaries after the Six-Day War...
.
Israeli–Palestinian conflict
The most prominent events related to the Israeli–Palestinian conflict which occurred during 1980 include:Notable Palestinian militant operations against Israeli targets
The most prominent Palestinian Arab terror attack
Palestinian political violence
Palestinian political violence refers to acts of violence undertaken to further the Palestinian cause. These political objectives include self-determination in and sovereignty over Palestine, the liberation of Palestine and establishment of a Palestinian state, either in place of both Israel and...
s committed against Israelis during 1980 include:
- April 7 – Five Palestinian Arab terrorists from the IraqIraqIraq ; officially the Republic of Iraq is a country in Western Asia spanning most of the northwestern end of the Zagros mountain range, the eastern part of the Syrian Desert and the northern part of the Arabian Desert....
i-backed Arab Liberation FrontArab Liberation FrontArab Liberation Front is a minor Palestinian political faction of the Palestine Liberation Organization , politically tied to the Iraqi Ba'ath Party formerly headed by Saddam Hussein.- Historical background :...
penetrate kibbutz Misgav AmMisgav AmMisgav Am is a kibbutz in the Upper Galilee in northern Israel. Located close to the border with Lebanon near the town of Kiryat Shmona, it falls under the jurisdiction of Upper Galilee Regional Council....
in the night and enter the kibbutz nurseryNursery schoolA nursery school is a school for children between the ages of one and five years, staffed by suitably qualified and other professionals who encourage and supervise educational play rather than simply providing childcare...
. They kill the kibbutz secretary and an infant boy. They then hold the rest of the children as hostages, demanding the release of about 50 terrorists held in Israeli prisons. The first raid of an IDFIsrael Defense ForcesThe Israel Defense Forces , commonly known in Israel by the Hebrew acronym Tzahal , are the military forces of the State of Israel. They consist of the ground forces, air force and navy. It is the sole military wing of the Israeli security forces, and has no civilian jurisdiction within Israel...
infantry unit is unsuccessful, but a second attempt, a few hours later, succeeds, and all the terrorists are killed. Two kibbutz members and one soldier are killed, four children and 11 soldiers are wounded.
Notable Israeli military operations against Palestinian militancy targets
The most prominent Israeli military counter-terrorism
Counter-terrorism
Counter-terrorism is the practices, tactics, techniques, and strategies that governments, militaries, police departments and corporations adopt to prevent or in response to terrorist threats and/or acts, both real and imputed.The tactic of terrorism is available to insurgents and governments...
operations (military campaign
Military campaign
In the military sciences, the term military campaign applies to large scale, long duration, significant military strategy plan incorporating a series of inter-related military operations or battles forming a distinct part of a larger conflict often called a war...
s and military operations) carried out against Palestinian militants during 1980 include:
Notable births
- January 29 – Yael Bar-Zohar, Israeli model and actress.
- February 17 – Linor Abargil, Israeli model and actress who won the Miss World 1998Miss World 1998The 48th Miss World pageant was held at the Lake Berjaya Mahé Resort in Mahé Island, Seychelles. 86 delegates from around the world competed for the crown. Ronan Keating then lead singer of Boyzone and MTV's Eden Harel hosted the event...
title. - February 19 – Tal BursteinTal BursteinTal Burstein is an Israeli professional basketball player.He can play at the point guard position and also as a swingman. He is 198 cm in height. He has also been named as one of the best Israeli basketball players ever...
, Israeli basketball player. - March 20 – Netta GartiNetta Garti-Biography:Garty plays the part of 'Cookie' in the television series The Arbitrator. She has twice received Awards of the Israeli Film Academy nominations; a 2004 'Best Actress' nomination for her role as Nicole Shushan in Turn Left at the End of the World, and a 2007 'Best Supporting Actress'...
, Israeli actress. - May 5 – Yossi BenayounYossi BenayounYosef Shai "Yossi" Benayoun is an Israeli international footballer who plays for Arsenal on loan from Chelsea.Benayoun plays as an attacking midfielder, often occupying the space just behind the striker. In Israel, he is sometimes nicknamed "The Diamond from Dimona". He is also the captain of the...
, Israeli footballer. - October 13 – Hilla NachshonHilla Nachshon- Biography :Nachshon was born in Kiryat Bialik and was raised in Kiryat Tivon. In the late 1990s Nachshon did her national service in the Military Police Corps....
, Israeli TV host, actress and model.
Notable deaths
- January 7 – Dov YosefDov YosefDov Yosef was an Israeli politician and statesman. Yosef served in a variety of ministerial positions during the first two Knessets and was the country's second Minister of Justice, serving twice .-Background:...
(b. 18991899 in Canada-Events:*January 20 - About 2000 Doukhobors arrive in Halifax, Nova Scotia*June 21 - Treaty No. 8 cedes much of northern Alberta to the federal government...
), Canadian-born Israeli politician and statesman. - January 22 – Yitzhak BaerYitzhak BaerYitzhak Baer was German-Israeli historian and an expert in medieval Spanish Jewish history.-Early life:Baer was born in Halberstadt, Germany, in 1888...
(b. 18881888 in GermanyEvents in the year 1888 in Germany."Year of the Three Emperors"-National level:* Kaiser — William I to 9 March, then Frederick III to 15 June, then Wilhelm II* Chancellor — Otto von Bismarck-Kingdoms:* King of Bavaria — Otto of Bavaria...
), German-born Israeli historian and an expert in medieval Spanish Jewish history. - February 3 – Hanna RovinaHanna RovinaHanna Rovina , written also Hannah, Hana, or Chana Rovina or Robina, Israeli actress, is recognised as the original "First Lady of Hebrew Theatre".-Biography:Born in Belarus in the Russian Empire, she originally trained as a kindergarten teacher, at a course for...
(b. 1892), Russian (Belarus)-born Israeli actress, recognised as the original "First Lady of Hebrew Theatre". - February 19 – Nathan Yellin-MorNathan Yellin-MorNathan Yellin-Mor was a Revisionist Zionist activist, Lehi leader and Israeli politician. In his later years, he became a radical pacifist who supported negotiations with the Palestine Liberation Organization and big concessions in the Israeli-Arab conflict....
(b. 1913), Russian (Belarus)-born Revisionist ZionistRevisionist ZionismRevisionist Zionism is a nationalist faction within the Zionist movement. It is the founding ideology of the non-religious right in Israel, and was the chief ideological competitor to the dominant socialist Labor Zionism...
activist, LehiLehi (group)Lehi , commonly referred to in English as the Stern Group or Stern Gang, was a militant Zionist group founded by Avraham Stern in the British Mandate of Palestine...
leader and Israeli politician. - February 29 – Yigal AllonYigal AllonYigal Allon was an Israeli politician, a commander of the Palmach, and a general in the IDF. He served as one of the leaders of Ahdut HaAvoda party and the Israeli Labor party, and acting Prime Minister of Israel, and was a member of the Knesset and government minister from the 10th through the...
(b. 19181918 in British-administered PalestineEvents in the year 1918 in British-administered Palestine.-Events:* 4 April 1918 – The first edition of the Hebrew-language daily newspaper "Haaretz" is published, sponsored by the British military government in Palestine....
), Israeli politician, a commander of the Palmach, and a general in the IDF. - May 8 – Yitzhak KanavYitzhak Kanav-Biography:Born in Melitopol in the Russian Empire , Kanev studied Natural Sciences and Economics at university in Crimea, and later social sciences at the University of London, the University of Vienna, and the School of Economics & Law in Tel Aviv. In 1917 he joined the Jewish Self Defense in...
(b. 1896), Russian (Ukraine)-born Zionist activist and Israeli politician. - June 16 – Jacob TalmonJacob TalmonJacob Leib Talmon was Professor of Modern History at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem...
(b. 1916), Russian (Poland)-born Israeli author and professor of modern history. - November 28 – Nachum Gutman (b. 1898), Russian (BessarabiaBessarabiaBessarabia is a historical term for the geographic region in Eastern Europe bounded by the Dniester River on the east and the Prut River on the west....
)-born Israeli painter, sculptor and author.
See also
- 1980 in Israeli film1980 in Israeli filmA list of films produced by the Israeli film industry in 1980.-1980 releases:-Unknown premiere date:-Notable deaths:* February 2 – Hanna Rovina, Israeli actress, is recognised as the original "First Lady of Hebrew Theatre" -External links:...
- 1980 in Israeli television
- 1980 in Israeli music
- 1980 in Israeli sport