1927 24 Hours of Le Mans
Encyclopedia
The 1927 24 Hours of Le Mans was a motor race which took place at Circuit de la Sarthe
on 18 and 19 June 1927. It was the fifth 24 Hours of Le Mans
Grand Prix of Endurance. The race is commonly remembered due to the infamous White House crash, which involved all three of the widely-tipped Bentley
team's entries, and caused the retirement of two of them. The race was eventually won by the third which, although badly damaged, was able to be repaired by drivers Dudley Benjafield
and Sammy Davis. It was Bentley's second victory in the endurance classic.
entries crashing while en route to the event. In comparison with previous years, when entries had nearly topped 50 cars, the 1927 field had been depleted by mergers, bankruptcies and other financial worries amongst competitor manufacturers. Amongst the list of absentees were the Lorraine-Dietrich
team, winners of the event for the previous two years. With three cars entered, it was therefore the Bentley squad who were pre-race favourites to take an easy victory.
After a humiliating run of retirements since their victory in the event, W.O. Bentley decided to enter a strong team, despite the weakened opposition. Dudley Benjafield and Sammy Davis were again paired in the same 3 litre car which they had crashed just an hour from the finish in the race: Old Number 7. A second 3 litre was entered for Andre d'Erlanger and George Duller, while Leslie Callingham and 1924-winner Frank Clement
were entrusted with the 4½ litre prototype, Old Mother Gun. The majority of the cars ranged against the Bentley Boys
were an assortment of small-capacity French cars aiming for victory in the Index of Performance, with only the 2 litre Théophile Schneiders and a lone, 3 litre Ariés
, driven by Robert Laly and Jean Chassagne
, offering serious competition. However, as the only vehicle in the 5 litre class, Old Mother Gun was substantially quicker than even these.
Behind Frank Clement the race was tight, however, with the 3 litre Ariés and the Jacques Chanterelle/René Schiltz Théophile Schneider managing to keep pace with the 3 litre Bentleys as the race progressed into the growing evening gloom. It was just after 9:30pm that the second Théophile Schneider, driven by Robert Poitier and Pierre Tabourin, precipitated the race's most famous event. A few laps in arrears but being chased hard by Callingham in Old Mother Gun, the driver misjudged his entry speed into the virages Maison Blanche (since bypassed by the Porsche Curves), known amongst the British fraternity by their English translation: the White House curves. The Théophile Schneider slewed to a halt, broadside across the road. Rather than plough head-on into his opponent, Callingham chose to put the Bentley off the road, into a ditch. Unfortunately for him the big car rolled, throwing him into the centre of the road. Unsighted by the corner, when the second Théophile Schneider came upon the accident site the driver did not have time to take evasive action and thus collided, at speed, with the Bentley and its sister car. A similar fate awaited Duller, at the wheel of the number 2 Bentley, and a 2 litre Ariés, before Sammy Davis in the second 3 litre Bentley approached the White House curves.
Davis perceived that all was not as it should be – even tens of metres back up the road its surface was strewn with debris – and so entered the corner slower than would normally have been the case. Even so, his speed was such that, by the time he spotted the wreckage blocking the road in front of him, he did not have sufficient time to brake to a halt. Rather than also hit the stationary cars head-on Davis provoked the big Bentley into a slide. Because of this Davis hit the stricken cars sideways, striking first with the right-hand front wing. In spite of Davis's prompt action the impact was substantial, but unlike the other unfortunates he was able to restart his car and (once he had assured himself that his team-mates and the Frenchmen were all accounted for and only slightly hurt) drive gently back to the pits.
Once in the pits Davis and Benjafield assessed the damage. External assistance was greatly restricted at the time, so it was down to the drivers to effect any repairs needed to continue. The right wing was badly mangled and had to be reattached to the car using string, while the right headlamp was broken beyond repair. More fundamentally, the right front wheel was bent, as were the axle and chassis, but Davis decided to press on regardless. He volunteered to take the car back onto the track and completed six further laps to check that all was well, before Benjafield retook the wheel.
In the time which had elapsed during the incident and as the car was being repaired, the 3 litre Ariés had slipped past and was beginning to establish a sizeable lead. Benjafied set about reducing the French car's advantage, pushing the Bentley hard despite running with only one headlamp and a flashlight strapped to the windscreen frame to guide him through the dark of night. By midday on Sunday they had reduced Laly and Chassagne's lead to only a single lap, assisted by a few mechanical maladies which afflicted the French car in the pits. The Ariés had a fault with its ignition system
, which had resulted in lengthy delays during driver changes, and on its 122nd lap the system failed completely, stranding Chassagne out on the circuit. With its only remaining rival now out of contention, Benjafield and Davies completed the remaining time of the race at greatly reduced speed, nursing the injured Bentley home. They won the race having completed only 1472 miles (2369 km), at an average of just over 61 mph (98 km/h), far fewer than the record, set the previous year, of 1586 miles (2552 km).
magazine fuelled the Bentley team's reputation by hosting a grand post-race party at the Savoy Hotel
in central London, at which Old Number 7 was guest of honour.
A repaired Old Mother Gun (which had sat out the remainder of the race still in its ditch) returned to La Sarthe the following year, and won the race with a new record of 154 laps. Both Benjafield and Davis remained significant figures in British motorsport over the following few decades – Benjafield as founder of the British Racing Drivers' Club
, and Davis as sports editor of The Autocar and one of the founders of the Veteran Car Club – but neither's racing career managed to equal their achievement at Le Mans in 1927.
Circuit de la Sarthe
The Circuit des 24 Heures, also known as Circuit de la Sarthe, located near Le Mans, France, is a semi-permanent race course most famous as the venue for the 24 Hours of Le Mans auto race. The track uses local roads that remain open to the public most of the year...
on 18 and 19 June 1927. It was the fifth 24 Hours of Le Mans
24 Hours of Le Mans
The 24 Hours of Le Mans is the world's oldest sports car race in endurance racing, held annually since near the town of Le Mans, France. Commonly known as the Grand Prix of Endurance and Efficiency, race teams have to balance speed against the cars' ability to run for 24 hours without sustaining...
Grand Prix of Endurance. The race is commonly remembered due to the infamous White House crash, which involved all three of the widely-tipped Bentley
Bentley
Bentley Motors Limited is a British manufacturer of automobiles founded on 18 January 1919 by Walter Owen Bentley known as W.O. Bentley or just "W O". Bentley had been previously known for his range of rotary aero-engines in World War I, the most famous being the Bentley BR1 as used in later...
team's entries, and caused the retirement of two of them. The race was eventually won by the third which, although badly damaged, was able to be repaired by drivers Dudley Benjafield
Dudley Benjafield
Joseph Dudley Benjafield, MD was born on 6 August 1887, in Edmonton, London, UK. He attended the University of London and received his MD from University College Hospital in 1912...
and Sammy Davis. It was Bentley's second victory in the endurance classic.
Background
The total entry for the 1927 Le Mans race was only 23, although this was down to 22 by the time of the race itself due to one of the two TractaTracta
Tracta was a French car maker based in Asnières, Seine, that was active between 1926 and 1934 . They were pioneers of front wheel drive vehicles....
entries crashing while en route to the event. In comparison with previous years, when entries had nearly topped 50 cars, the 1927 field had been depleted by mergers, bankruptcies and other financial worries amongst competitor manufacturers. Amongst the list of absentees were the Lorraine-Dietrich
Lorraine-Dietrich
Lorraine-Dietrich was a French automobile and aircraft engine manufacturer from 1896 until 1935, created when railway locomotive manufacturer Société Lorraine des Anciens Etablissments de Dietrich and Cie branched into the manufacture of automobiles...
team, winners of the event for the previous two years. With three cars entered, it was therefore the Bentley squad who were pre-race favourites to take an easy victory.
After a humiliating run of retirements since their victory in the event, W.O. Bentley decided to enter a strong team, despite the weakened opposition. Dudley Benjafield and Sammy Davis were again paired in the same 3 litre car which they had crashed just an hour from the finish in the race: Old Number 7. A second 3 litre was entered for Andre d'Erlanger and George Duller, while Leslie Callingham and 1924-winner Frank Clement
Frank Clement (racing driver)
Frank Clement was a British racing driver who, along with Canadian John Duff, won the 1924 24 Hours of Le Mans. Part of the "Bentley Boys", Clement was recruited by W.O. Bentley as a test driver for Bentley Motors. He was chosen by the company to drive in the inaugural 24 Hours of Le Mans in ...
were entrusted with the 4½ litre prototype, Old Mother Gun. The majority of the cars ranged against the Bentley Boys
Bentley Boys
The Bentley Boys were a group of wealthy British motorists who drove Bentley sports cars to victory in the 1920s and kept the marque's reputation for high performance alive...
were an assortment of small-capacity French cars aiming for victory in the Index of Performance, with only the 2 litre Théophile Schneiders and a lone, 3 litre Ariés
Ariès
The Ariès was a French automobile manufactured by a company in Asnières-sur-Seine from 1903 to 1938. The first cars were two- and four-cylinder vehicles built 20 chassis at a time in a large factory. These shaft-drive cars had a rather unusual double rear axle, while the engines were built by Aster...
, driven by Robert Laly and Jean Chassagne
Jean Chassagne
Jean Chassagne was a French racecar driver active in the years surrounding World War I. Chassagne finished third in the 1913 French Grand Prix on a Sunbeam...
, offering serious competition. However, as the only vehicle in the 5 litre class, Old Mother Gun was substantially quicker than even these.
Race
As expected it was car number 1, Old Mother Gun, which led away from the start. The Benjafield/Davis car slipped into second place, with d'Erlanger and Duller in third place making it a Bentley 1-2-3 in the opening laps. Old Mother Gun's pace advantage was underlined by Clement when he broke the circuit record in only the second lap of the race. Over the following few laps he whittled this down still further, to only 8 minutes 46 seconds for the 10.7 mile (17.3 km) circuit. This early-race performance was yet more remarkable as, at the time, the cars were required to run with their hoods erected for the first three hours of the race.Behind Frank Clement the race was tight, however, with the 3 litre Ariés and the Jacques Chanterelle/René Schiltz Théophile Schneider managing to keep pace with the 3 litre Bentleys as the race progressed into the growing evening gloom. It was just after 9:30pm that the second Théophile Schneider, driven by Robert Poitier and Pierre Tabourin, precipitated the race's most famous event. A few laps in arrears but being chased hard by Callingham in Old Mother Gun, the driver misjudged his entry speed into the virages Maison Blanche (since bypassed by the Porsche Curves), known amongst the British fraternity by their English translation: the White House curves. The Théophile Schneider slewed to a halt, broadside across the road. Rather than plough head-on into his opponent, Callingham chose to put the Bentley off the road, into a ditch. Unfortunately for him the big car rolled, throwing him into the centre of the road. Unsighted by the corner, when the second Théophile Schneider came upon the accident site the driver did not have time to take evasive action and thus collided, at speed, with the Bentley and its sister car. A similar fate awaited Duller, at the wheel of the number 2 Bentley, and a 2 litre Ariés, before Sammy Davis in the second 3 litre Bentley approached the White House curves.
Davis perceived that all was not as it should be – even tens of metres back up the road its surface was strewn with debris – and so entered the corner slower than would normally have been the case. Even so, his speed was such that, by the time he spotted the wreckage blocking the road in front of him, he did not have sufficient time to brake to a halt. Rather than also hit the stationary cars head-on Davis provoked the big Bentley into a slide. Because of this Davis hit the stricken cars sideways, striking first with the right-hand front wing. In spite of Davis's prompt action the impact was substantial, but unlike the other unfortunates he was able to restart his car and (once he had assured himself that his team-mates and the Frenchmen were all accounted for and only slightly hurt) drive gently back to the pits.
Once in the pits Davis and Benjafield assessed the damage. External assistance was greatly restricted at the time, so it was down to the drivers to effect any repairs needed to continue. The right wing was badly mangled and had to be reattached to the car using string, while the right headlamp was broken beyond repair. More fundamentally, the right front wheel was bent, as were the axle and chassis, but Davis decided to press on regardless. He volunteered to take the car back onto the track and completed six further laps to check that all was well, before Benjafield retook the wheel.
In the time which had elapsed during the incident and as the car was being repaired, the 3 litre Ariés had slipped past and was beginning to establish a sizeable lead. Benjafied set about reducing the French car's advantage, pushing the Bentley hard despite running with only one headlamp and a flashlight strapped to the windscreen frame to guide him through the dark of night. By midday on Sunday they had reduced Laly and Chassagne's lead to only a single lap, assisted by a few mechanical maladies which afflicted the French car in the pits. The Ariés had a fault with its ignition system
Ignition system
An ignition system is a system for igniting a fuel-air mixture. Ignition systems are well known in the field of internal combustion engines such as those used in petrol engines used to power the majority of motor vehicles, but they are also used in many other applications such as in oil-fired and...
, which had resulted in lengthy delays during driver changes, and on its 122nd lap the system failed completely, stranding Chassagne out on the circuit. With its only remaining rival now out of contention, Benjafield and Davies completed the remaining time of the race at greatly reduced speed, nursing the injured Bentley home. They won the race having completed only 1472 miles (2369 km), at an average of just over 61 mph (98 km/h), far fewer than the record, set the previous year, of 1586 miles (2552 km).
Aftermath
Despite the comparatively slow overall pace, the dramatic events surrounding the White House crash meant that the race gained much wider press coverage than had been the case in previous years. In particular, Davis's honourable and heroic actions in searching the wreckage for his compatriots and rivals, before continuing the race in the teeth of adversity, gained him high praise. That such actions had been taken by a group of young men who had previously been much better known for their lavish parties and fast-living lifestyles only added to the popular appeal. Their pluck and determination seemed to embody much of what the British regarded as best in their national character, and on their return to the UK the team were greeted as national heroes. The AutocarAutocar
Autocar is a weekly British automobile magazine published by Haymarket Motoring Publications Ltd. It refers to itself as "The World's oldest car magazine".-History:...
magazine fuelled the Bentley team's reputation by hosting a grand post-race party at the Savoy Hotel
Savoy Hotel
The Savoy Hotel is a hotel located on the Strand, in the City of Westminster in central London. Built by impresario Richard D'Oyly Carte with profits from his Gilbert and Sullivan operas, the hotel opened on 6 August 1889. It was the first in the Savoy group of hotels and restaurants owned by...
in central London, at which Old Number 7 was guest of honour.
A repaired Old Mother Gun (which had sat out the remainder of the race still in its ditch) returned to La Sarthe the following year, and won the race with a new record of 154 laps. Both Benjafield and Davis remained significant figures in British motorsport over the following few decades – Benjafield as founder of the British Racing Drivers' Club
British Racing Drivers' Club
The British Racing Drivers' Club is a membership body which represents the interests of professional racing drivers from the United Kingdom.-Early days:...
, and Davis as sports editor of The Autocar and one of the founders of the Veteran Car Club – but neither's racing career managed to equal their achievement at Le Mans in 1927.
Official results
Class winners are marked in bold.| Pos | Class | No | Team | Drivers | Chassis | Laps |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Engine | ||||||
| 1 | 3.0 | 3 |  BentleyBentley Bentley Motors Limited is a British manufacturer of automobiles founded on 18 January 1919 by Walter Owen Bentley known as W.O. Bentley or just "W O". Bentley had been previously known for his range of rotary aero-engines in World War I, the most famous being the Bentley BR1 as used in later... Motors Ltd. |
Dr. Dudley Benjafield Dudley Benjafield Joseph Dudley Benjafield, MD was born on 6 August 1887, in Edmonton, London, UK. He attended the University of London and received his MD from University College Hospital in 1912... Sammy Davis |
Bentley 3 Litre Bentley 3 Litre The 3 Litre was the sports car that put Bentley on the automotive map. It was a large car compared to the tiny, lightweight Bugattis then dominating racing, but its innovative technology and strength made up for its weight... Super Sport "Old No.7" |
137 |
| Bentley Bentley Bentley Motors Limited is a British manufacturer of automobiles founded on 18 January 1919 by Walter Owen Bentley known as W.O. Bentley or just "W O". Bentley had been previously known for his range of rotary aero-engines in World War I, the most famous being the Bentley BR1 as used in later... 2.9L I4 |
||||||
| 2 | 1.1 | 25 | No Team Name |  André de Victor J. Hasley |
Salmson GS | 116 |
| Salmson 1.1L I4 | ||||||
| 3 | 1.1 | 23 | No Team Name | Georges Casse André Rousseau |
Salmson GS | 115 |
| Salmson 1.1L I4 | ||||||
| 4 | 1.5 | 15 | No Team Name | Lucien Desvaux Fernand Vallon |
S.C.A.P. 1.5 Litre | 110 |
| S.C.A.P. 1.5L I4 | ||||||
| 5 | 1.1 | 26 | Etablissements Henri Precioux (E.H.P.) |
Guy Bouriat Pierre Bussienne |
E.H.P. DS | 108 |
| C.I.M.E. 1.1L I4 | ||||||
| 6 | 1.1 | 21 | No Team Name | André Marandet Gonzaque Lécureul |
S.C.A.P. BDE | 106 |
| S.C.A.P. 1.1L I4 | ||||||
| 7 | 1.1 | 20 | No Team Name | Jean-Albert Gregoire Lucien Lemesle |
Tracta Tracta Tracta was a French car maker based in Asnières, Seine, that was active between 1926 and 1934 . They were pioneers of front wheel drive vehicles.... |
97 |
| S.C.A.P. 1.1L I4 | ||||||
| 8 NC |
1.5 | 16 | No Team Name | Henri Guilbert Albert Clément |
S.C.A.P. | ? |
| S.C.A.P. 1.5L I4 | ||||||
| 9 DNF |
2.0 | 4 | No Team Name | Robert Laly Jean Chassagne Jean Chassagne Jean Chassagne was a French racecar driver active in the years surrounding World War I. Chassagne finished third in the 1913 French Grand Prix on a Sunbeam... |
Ariés Surbaissée 3 Litre | 122 |
| Ariés 3.0L I4 | ||||||
| 10 DNF |
2.0 | 8 | No Team Name | Raymond Leroy Pierre Mesnel |
Fasto A3S | 96 |
| Fasto 2.0L I4 | ||||||
| 11 DNF |
2.0 | 10 | No Team Name | Michel Doré Roger Hellot |
Fasto A3S | 75 |
| Fasto 2.0L I4 | ||||||
| 12 DNF |
2.0 | 9 | No Team Name | "Brosselin" Frédéric Thelluson |
Fasto A3S | 72 |
| Fasto 2.0L I4 | ||||||
| 13 DNF |
1.5 | 14 | No Team Name | Gaston Motteto Emile Maret |
S.A.R.A. SP7 | 50 |
| S.A.R.A. 1.5L I6 | ||||||
| 14 DNF |
1.1 | 22 | No Team Name | Henri Armand Gaston Duval |
S.A.R.A. ATS | 42 |
| S.A.R.A. 1.1L I4 | ||||||
| 15 DNF |
5.0 | 1 | Bentley Bentley Bentley Motors Limited is a British manufacturer of automobiles founded on 18 January 1919 by Walter Owen Bentley known as W.O. Bentley or just "W O". Bentley had been previously known for his range of rotary aero-engines in World War I, the most famous being the Bentley BR1 as used in later... Motors Ltd. |
Frank Clement Frank Clement (racing driver) Frank Clement was a British racing driver who, along with Canadian John Duff, won the 1924 24 Hours of Le Mans. Part of the "Bentley Boys", Clement was recruited by W.O. Bentley as a test driver for Bentley Motors. He was chosen by the company to drive in the inaugural 24 Hours of Le Mans in ... Leslie Callingham |
Bentley 4½ Litre Bentley Blower The Bentley 4½ Litre is a British sports car built by Bentley Motors. Replacing the Bentley 3 Litre, it is famous for epitomizing prewar British motor racing and for its popular slogan "there's no replacement for displacement", created by the founder of Bentley, Walter Owen Bentley... "Old Mother Gun" |
35 |
| Bentley Bentley Bentley Motors Limited is a British manufacturer of automobiles founded on 18 January 1919 by Walter Owen Bentley known as W.O. Bentley or just "W O". Bentley had been previously known for his range of rotary aero-engines in World War I, the most famous being the Bentley BR1 as used in later... 4.4L I6 |
||||||
| 16 DNF |
2.0 | 12 | No Team Name | Jacques Chanterelle René Schiltz |
Theo Schneider 25 SP | 34 |
| Theo Schneider 2.0L I4 | ||||||
| 17 DNF |
3.0 | 2 | Bentley Bentley Bentley Motors Limited is a British manufacturer of automobiles founded on 18 January 1919 by Walter Owen Bentley known as W.O. Bentley or just "W O". Bentley had been previously known for his range of rotary aero-engines in World War I, the most famous being the Bentley BR1 as used in later... Motors Ltd. |
Andre d'Erlanger George Duller |
Bentley 3 Litre Bentley 3 Litre The 3 Litre was the sports car that put Bentley on the automotive map. It was a large car compared to the tiny, lightweight Bugattis then dominating racing, but its innovative technology and strength made up for its weight... Super Sport |
34 |
| Bentley Bentley Bentley Motors Limited is a British manufacturer of automobiles founded on 18 January 1919 by Walter Owen Bentley known as W.O. Bentley or just "W O". Bentley had been previously known for his range of rotary aero-engines in World War I, the most famous being the Bentley BR1 as used in later... 3.0L I4 |
||||||
| 18 DNF |
2.0 | 11 | No Team Name | Robert Poitier Pierre Tabourin |
Theo Schneider 25 SP | 26 |
| Theo Schneider 2.0L I4 | ||||||
| 19 DNF |
1.1 | 29 | No Team Name | Fernand Gabriel Louis Paris |
Ariés 8-10 CV | 23 |
| Ariés 1.1L I4 | ||||||
| 20 DNF |
1.1 | 24 | No Team Name | Lionel de Marmier Pierre Goutte |
Salmson GS | 21 |
| Salmson 1.1L I4 | ||||||
| 21 DNF |
1.1 | 28 | No Team Name | Arthur Duray Arthur Duray Arthur Duray was born in New York City of Belgian parents and later became a French citizen. An early aviator, he held Belgian license #3. He is probably best known today for breaking the land speed record on three separate occasions between July, 1903 and March, 1904... Roger Delano |
Ariés 8-10 CV | 16 |
| Ariés 1.1L I4 | ||||||
| 22 DNF |
1.1 | 27 | Etablissements Henri Precioux (E.H.P.) |
Henri De Costier Georges Guignard |
E.H.P. DS | 8 |
| C.I.M.E. 1.1L I4 | ||||||
| DNS | 1.1 | - | No Team Name | Pierre Fenaille Boussod |
Tracta Tracta Tracta was a French car maker based in Asnières, Seine, that was active between 1926 and 1934 . They were pioneers of front wheel drive vehicles.... |
- |
| S.C.A.P. 1.1L I4 |
Statistics
- Fastest Lap - #1 Bentley Motors Ltd. - 8:46
- Distance - 2369.807km
- Average Speed - 98.74 km/h
Trophy winners
- 3rd Biennial Cup - #23 Georges Casse/André Rousseau
- Prix le Saint-Didier - #25 André de Victor/J. Hasley
- Index of Performance - #23 Georges Casse/André Rousseau
External links
- Bentley History. Bentley Drivers Club website. (Includes a photograph of the White House crash aftermath.)