1914 in New Zealand
Encyclopedia
New Zealand showed no hesitation in emulating Britain's declaration of war on Germany and entering World War I
. New Zealand troops became the first to occupy German territory when they took over Samoa
in November.
general election on 10 December.
World War I
World War I , which was predominantly called the World War or the Great War from its occurrence until 1939, and the First World War or World War I thereafter, was a major war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918...
. New Zealand troops became the first to occupy German territory when they took over Samoa
Samoa
Samoa , officially the Independent State of Samoa, formerly known as Western Samoa is a country encompassing the western part of the Samoan Islands in the South Pacific Ocean. It became independent from New Zealand in 1962. The two main islands of Samoa are Upolu and one of the biggest islands in...
in November.
Regal and Vice Regal
- Head of StateHead of StateA head of state is the individual that serves as the chief public representative of a monarchy, republic, federation, commonwealth or other kind of state. His or her role generally includes legitimizing the state and exercising the political powers, functions, and duties granted to the head of...
- George VGeorge V of the United KingdomGeorge V was King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions, and Emperor of India, from 6 May 1910 through the First World War until his death in 1936.... - GovernorGovernor-General of New ZealandThe Governor-General of New Zealand is the representative of the monarch of New Zealand . The Governor-General acts as the Queen's vice-regal representative in New Zealand and is often viewed as the de facto head of state....
- The Earl of LiverpoolArthur Foljambe, 2nd Earl of Liverpool-References:...
Government
The 18th New Zealand Parliament concludes, and the Reform Party is returned for its second term of office following the 1914New Zealand general election, 1914
The New Zealand general election of 1914 was held on 10 December to elect a total of 80 MPs to the 19th session of the New Zealand Parliament. A total number of 616,043 voters were registered, of which 84.7% voters turned out to vote....
general election on 10 December.
- Speaker of the HouseSpeaker of the New Zealand House of RepresentativesIn New Zealand the Speaker of the House of Representatives is the individual who chairs the country's legislative body, the New Zealand House of Representatives...
- Frederic Lang (Reform Party) - Prime MinisterPrime Minister of New ZealandThe Prime Minister of New Zealand is New Zealand's head of government consequent on being the leader of the party or coalition with majority support in the Parliament of New Zealand...
— William MasseyWilliam MasseyWilliam Ferguson Massey, often known as Bill Massey or "Farmer Bill" served as the 19th Prime Minister of New Zealand from 1912 to 1925, and was the founder of the Reform Party. He is widely considered to have been one of the more skilled politicians of his time, and was known for the particular... - Minister of FinanceMinister of Finance (New Zealand)The Minister of Finance is a senior figure within the government of New Zealand. The position is often considered to be the most important Cabinet role after that of the Prime Minister....
- James AllenJames Allen (New Zealand)Sir James Allen, GCMG, KCB was a prominent New Zealand politician and diplomat. He held a number of the most important political offices in the country, including Minister of Finance and Minister of Foreign Affairs. He was also New Zealand's Minister of Defence during World War I.-Early life:Allen...
Parliamentary opposition
- Leader of the OppositionLeader of the Opposition (New Zealand)The Leader of the Opposition in New Zealand is the politician who, at least in theory, commands the support of the non-government bloc of members in the New Zealand Parliament. In the debating chamber the Leader of the Opposition sits directly opposite the Prime Minister...
— Joseph WardJoseph WardSir Joseph George Ward, 1st Baronet, GCMG was the 17th Prime Minister of New Zealand on two occasions in the early 20th century.-Early life:...
(Liberal Party).
Main centre leaders
- Mayor of AucklandMayor of AucklandThe Mayor of Auckland is the directly elected head of the Auckland Council, the local government authority for the Auckland region in New Zealand...
- Christopher James ParrChristopher James ParrChristopher James Parr, later known as Sir James Parr was a New Zealand lawyer and politician of the Reform Party. He was Mayor of Auckland from 1911 to 1915, succeeded by Sir James Gunson.... - Mayor of WellingtonMayor of WellingtonThe Mayor of Wellington is the head of the municipal government of Wellington, New Zealand, and presides over the Wellington City Council. The Mayor of Wellington administers only Wellington City itself — other municipalities in adjacent areas of the Wellington Region such as Lower Hutt, Upper...
- John LukeJohn LukeSir John-Pearce Luke, CMG was a New Zealand politician. Luke was Mayor of Wellington from 1913–1921 and Member of Parliament for Wellington Suburbs 1908–1911 and Wellington North 1918–1928. His brother Charles Manley Luke had previously also been Mayor of Wellington in 1895... - Mayor of ChristchurchMayor of ChristchurchThe Mayor of Christchurch is the head of the municipal government of Christchurch, New Zealand, and presides over the Christchurch City Council. The mayor is directly elected using a First Past the Post electoral system...
- Henry HollandHenry Holland (mayor)Henry Holland, CBE was a New Zealand politician of the Reform Party, and Mayor of Christchurch from 1912 to 1919.-Member of Parliament:... - Mayor of DunedinMayor of DunedinThe Mayor of Dunedin is the head of the municipal government of Dunedin, New Zealand, and presides over the Dunedin City Council. The Mayor is directly elected, using the Single Transferable Vote system in 2007....
- John Bradley Shacklock then James John Clark
Events
- 17 January: Joseph Hammond is the first person to fly over AucklandAucklandThe Auckland metropolitan area , in the North Island of New Zealand, is the largest and most populous urban area in the country with residents, percent of the country's population. Auckland also has the largest Polynesian population of any city in the world...
city. He flies a BlériotBlériot AéronautiqueBlériot Aéronautique was a French aircraft manufacturer founded by Louis Blériot. It also made a few cyclecars from 1921 to 1922.After Louis Blériot became famous for being the first to fly over the English Channel in 1909, he established an aircraft manufacturing company. This company really took...
monoplaneMonoplaneA monoplane is a fixed-wing aircraft with one main set of wing surfaces, in contrast to a biplane or triplane. Since the late 1930s it has been the most common form for a fixed wing aircraft.-Types of monoplane:...
(named Brittania) which has been donated to the New Zealand Government by the Imperial Air Fleet Committee, from Potter's Park (near One Tree HillOne Tree Hill, New ZealandOne Tree Hill is a 182 metre volcanic peak located in Auckland, New Zealand. It is an important memorial place for both Māori and other New Zealanders...
). - 20 February: James William Humphrys Scotland makes the first substantial cross-country flight in New Zealand. He flies from InvercargillInvercargillInvercargill is the southernmost and westernmost city in New Zealand, and one of the southernmost cities in the world. It is the commercial centre of the Southland region. It lies in the heart of the wide expanse of the Southland Plains on the Oreti or New River some 18 km north of Bluff,...
to GoreGore, New ZealandGore is a town, surrounding borough, and district in the Southland region of the South Island of New Zealand.-Geography:The Gore District has a land area of 1,251.62 km² and a resident population of...
, a distance of 61 kilometres (37.9 mi), in 40 minutes in a CaudronCaudronThe Caudron Airplane Company was a French aircraft company founded in 1909 by brothers Gaston Caudron and René Caudron . It was one of the earliest aircraft manufacturers in France and produced planes for the military in both World War I and World War II...
biplaneBiplaneA biplane is a fixed-wing aircraft with two superimposed main wings. The Wright brothers' Wright Flyer used a biplane design, as did most aircraft in the early years of aviation. While a biplane wing structure has a structural advantage, it produces more drag than a similar monoplane wing...
. He continues on to DunedinDunedinDunedin is the second-largest city in the South Island of New Zealand, and the principal city of the Otago Region. It is considered to be one of the four main urban centres of New Zealand for historic, cultural, and geographic reasons. Dunedin was the largest city by territorial land area until...
, TimaruTimaruTimaruUrban AreaPopulation:27,200Extent:Former Timaru City CouncilTerritorial AuthorityName:Timaru District CouncilPopulation:42,867 Land area:2,736.54 km² Mayor:Janie AnnearWebsite:...
and ChristchurchChristchurchChristchurch is the largest city in the South Island of New Zealand, and the country's second-largest urban area after Auckland. It lies one third of the way down the South Island's east coast, just north of Banks Peninsula which itself, since 2006, lies within the formal limits of...
where he arrives on 6 March. - 5 August: New Zealand declares war on Germany.
- 29 August: 1374 New Zealand troops land in Samoa and are offered no resistance by German colonial forces. This is the second German territory (after TogolandTogolandTogoland was a German protectorate in West Africa from 1884 to 1914, encompassing what is now the nation of Togo and most of what is now the Volta Region of Ghana. The colony was established during the period generally known as the "Scramble for Africa"...
) to be captured by the Allies. - 25 September: The first attempt by the New Zealand Expeditionary ForceNew Zealand Expeditionary ForceThe New Zealand Expeditionary Force was the title of the military forces sent from New Zealand to fight for Britain during World War I and World War II. Ultimately, the NZEF of World War I was known as the First New Zealand Expeditionary Force...
to depart New Zealand for Europe is aborted due to concerns about the presence of German raiders. - 16 October: The main body of the NZEF, some 8000 troops, finally departs New Zealand for AustraliaAustraliaAustralia , officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area...
where they will join with the First AIFFirst Australian Imperial ForceThe First Australian Imperial Force was the main expeditionary force of the Australian Army during World War I. It was formed from 15 August 1914, following Britain's declaration of war on Germany. Generally known at the time as the AIF, it is today referred to as the 1st AIF to distinguish from...
. - 1 November: The 38 ships carrying the NZEF (10 ships) and the AIF (28 ships) leave Perth, Western AustraliaPerth, Western AustraliaPerth is the capital and largest city of the Australian state of Western Australia and the fourth most populous city in Australia. The Perth metropolitan area has an estimated population of almost 1,700,000....
. Although expecting to sail to EnglandEnglandEngland is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental...
they will receive orders to land in EgyptEgyptEgypt , officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, Arabic: , is a country mainly in North Africa, with the Sinai Peninsula forming a land bridge in Southwest Asia. Egypt is thus a transcontinental country, and a major power in Africa, the Mediterranean Basin, the Middle East and the Muslim world...
while crossing the Indian OceanIndian OceanThe Indian Ocean is the third largest of the world's oceanic divisions, covering approximately 20% of the water on the Earth's surface. It is bounded on the north by the Indian Subcontinent and Arabian Peninsula ; on the west by eastern Africa; on the east by Indochina, the Sunda Islands, and...
. - Early December: The NZEF and AIF land in Egypt.
- 10 December: General ElectionNew Zealand general election, 1914The New Zealand general election of 1914 was held on 10 December to elect a total of 80 MPs to the 19th session of the New Zealand Parliament. A total number of 616,043 voters were registered, of which 84.7% voters turned out to vote....
.
Film
- Hinemoa, the first feature film made in New Zealand, premieres at the Lyric Theatre, Auckland.
Appointments and awards
- Archbishop of New ZealandArchbishop of New ZealandThe Archbishop of New Zealand is the primate, or head, of the Anglican Church in Aotearoa, New Zealand and Polynesia. However, since Whakahuihui Vercoe stepped down at the end of his two-year term as archbishop in 2006, the church has decided that three bishops shall share the position and style of...
- Anglican Church in Aotearoa, New Zealand and PolynesiaAnglican Church in Aotearoa, New Zealand and PolynesiaThe Anglican Church in Aotearoa, New Zealand and Polynesia is a church of the Anglican Communion serving New Zealand, Fiji, Tonga, Samoa, and the Cook Islands...
, see appointments to Diocese
Chess
- The 27th National Chess Championship was held in Auckland, and was won by W.E. Mason of Wellington, his 5th title.
Golf
- The eighth New Zealand OpenNew Zealand OpenThe BMW New Zealand Open is the leading men's golf tournament in New Zealand. In 2011, it will be hosted by The Clearwater Resort in Christchurch from 1–4 December. The tournament is being promoted by New Zealand Golf...
championship was won by E.S. Douglas (his second consecutive victory). - The 22nd National Amateur Championships were held in Auckland
- Men: Arthur Duncan (Wellington) - 8th title
- Women: Mrs G. Williams - 2nd title
Harness racing
- New Zealand Trotting CupNew Zealand Trotting CupThe New Zealand Trotting Cup or New Zealand Cup is a Group One harness race held annually by the NZ Metropolitan Trotting Club at Addington Raceway in Christchurch, New Zealand. It is considered the country's most prestigious harness racing event. the prize was NZ$750,000, the largest prize for a...
: Win Soon - Auckland Trotting CupAuckland Trotting CupThe Auckland Trotting Cup or Auckland Cup is a race held at Alexandra Park in March in Auckland, New Zealand for Standardbred horses. It is one of two major harness races, along with the New Zealand Cup, held in New Zealand each year. It is notable as it is a Group 1 championship race over...
: Steel Bell
Rugby league
- During the 1914 Great Britain Lions tour of Australia and New Zealand1914 Great Britain Lions tour of Australia and New ZealandThe 1914 Great Britain Lions tour of Australia and New Zealand was the British national rugby league team's second ever tour of Australasia, where it was winter and matches were played against the Australian and New Zealand national sides, as well as several local teams...
, the Kiwis lose to Great Britain 16 - 13 in Auckland
Rugby union
- Taranaki defend the Ranfurly ShieldRanfurly ShieldThe Ranfurly Shield, colloquially known as the Log o' Wood, is a trophy in New Zealand's domestic rugby union competition. First played for in 1904, the Ranfurly Shield is based on a challenge system, rather than a league or knockout competition as with most football trophies...
against Wangauni (17-3), Manawatu (11-3), Horowhenua (14-3), Wairarapa (22-3), Cantrbury (6-5) and Southland (6-0) before losing to Wellington (6-12)
Soccer
Provincial league champions:- Auckland: Auckland Thistle
- Canterbury: Sydenham
- Hawke's Bay: Waipukurau
- Otago: NorthernNorthern (soccer)Northern AFC is a semi-professional association football club in North East Valley, Dunedin, New Zealand. They are currently competing in the ODT FootballSouth Premier League.The club is based at The Gardens Ground, North East Valley, Dunedin....
- Southland: Rangers
- Wanganui: Eastbrooke
- Wellington: Wellington Corinthians
Tennis
- Anthony WildingTony WildingAnthony "Tony" Frederick Wilding was a champion tennis player from Christchurch, New Zealand and a soldier killed in action during World War I near Neuve-Chapelle, Pas-de-Calais, France....
, partnered with Norman BrookesNorman BrookesBrookes was also an Australian rules footballer in his youth, playing two matches for Victorian Football League club St Kilda Football Club in 1898, kicking two goals.-Honours:Norman Brookes was knighted "in recognition of service to public service" in 1939...
wins the men's doubles at the Wimbledon Championship. - The Davis CupDavis CupThe Davis Cup is the premier international team event in men's tennis. It is run by the International Tennis Federation and is contested between teams of players from competing countries in a knock-out format. The competition began in 1900 as a challenge between Britain and the United States. By...
final is held in New York CityNew York CityNew York is the most populous city in the United States and the center of the New York Metropolitan Area, one of the most populous metropolitan areas in the world. New York exerts a significant impact upon global commerce, finance, media, art, fashion, research, technology, education, and...
. New Zealander Anthony Wilding and Australian Norman Brookes (playing as Australia rather than Australasia) beat the United States 3-2.
Births
- 12 January: Roy JackRoy JackSir Roy Emile Jack was a New Zealand politician of the National Party. He was Speaker of the House of Representatives from 1967 to 1972 and 1976 to 1977, and a cabinet minister....
, politician. - 27 March: Cecil Burke, cricketer.
- 8 May: Sir Gaven DonneGaven DonneSir Gaven John Donne, KBE, was a New Zealand-born former Chief Justice of Samoa, Niue, the Cook Islands, Nauru and Tuvalu....
, jurist, former Chief JusticeChief JusticeThe Chief Justice in many countries is the name for the presiding member of a Supreme Court in Commonwealth or other countries with an Anglo-Saxon justice system based on English common law, such as the Supreme Court of Canada, the Constitutional Court of South Africa, the Court of Final Appeal of...
of various Pacific nationsPacific IslandsThe Pacific Islands comprise 20,000 to 30,000 islands in the Pacific Ocean. The islands are also sometimes collectively called Oceania, although Oceania is sometimes defined as also including Australasia and the Malay Archipelago....
(died 20102010 in New Zealand-Regal and Vice Regal:*Head of State - Elizabeth II, Queen of New Zealand*Governor-General - The Hon Anand Satyanand PCNZM QSO-Government:2010 is the second full year of the 49th Parliament.*Speaker of the House - Lockwood Smith...
) - 25 December:
- James Fletcher IIJames Muir Cameron FletcherSir James Muir Cameron Fletcher ONZ , often known as Jim or JC Junior, was a New Zealand industrialist known for heading Fletcher Construction, one of the countries' largest firms...
, industrialist. - Don McRae, cricketer and soccer player.
- Robert Howard WhiteRobert Howard WhiteRobert "Bob" Howard White, QSO, CStJ, JP was a New Zealand politician.He served in the RNZAF and was Mayor of Papatoetoe from 1965 to 1986....
, politician.
- Alice BushAlice BushAlice Bush was a pioneering New Zealand female doctor, pediatrician and activist for family planning services and abortion access.-Medical career:...
, doctor and medical activist. - Norman KingNorman KingNorman James King was a New Zealand politician of the Labour Party, and a cabinet minister.He represented the Waitemata electorate from 1954 to 1969, and then the Birkenhead electorate from 1969 to 1975, when he was defeated by Jim McLay.In 1957 he had defeated Rob Muldoon in his second attempt...
, politician. - Dan RiddifordDan RiddifordDaniel Johnston Riddiford was a New Zealand politician of the National Party.He was educated in the UK at Downside School, Somerset. In NZ he qualified as a solicitor, and was awarded the MC in World War II....
, politician. - Leo SchultzLeo SchultzLeo Charles Schultz was a New Zealand politician of the National Party. He was a farmer.He represented the electorate of Hauraki in Parliament from 1969 to 1972, Coromandel from 1972 to 1978 and then Hauraki again from 1978 to 1981, when he retired.-References:*New Zealand Parliamentary Record...
, politician. - Ruth SymonsRuth SymonsRuth Symons was a New Zealand cricketer. She captained New Zealand in their first women's Test match, which they lost. Her married name was Ruth Martin.-References:*...
, cricketer.
Deaths
- 1 October: Richard Barcham ShaldersRichard Barcham ShaldersRichard Barcham Shalders was a Baptist preacher, founder of the New Zealand branch of the YMCA, and founder of Auckland Baptist Tabernacle.-Childhood:...
, founder of New Zealand YMCA.
- John BlairJohn Rutherford BlairJohn Rutherford Blair was the Mayor of Wellington, New Zealand from 1898 to 1899.He was born in Lanarkshire, Scotland, and was a paper merchant...
, Mayor of Wellington. - Thomas FergusThomas FergusThomas Fergus was a 19th century New Zealand politician.-Early life:Thomas Fergus was born in Ayr Scotland on 6 April 1850. There is some question as to the Hon Thomas Fergus' date of birth as the NZ Government records are two years different from this birth record, and his newspaper obituary...
, politician.