Incumbents

• Governor of New South Wales
  Governors of New South Wales
  The Governor of New South Wales is the state viceregal representative of the Australian monarch, Queen Elizabeth II, who is equally shared with 15 other sovereign nations in a form of personal union, as well as with the eleven other jurisdictions of Australia, and resides predominantly in her...
  
   — John Young, 1st Baron Lisgar
  John Young, 1st Baron Lisgar
  John Young, 1st Baron Lisgar, Bt, GCB, GCMG, PC was the second Governor General of Canada, in office from 1869 to 1872.-Biography:...
  
  , until 11 August then Somerset Lowry-Corry, 4th Earl Belmore
  Somerset Lowry-Corry, 4th Earl Belmore
  Somerset Richard Lowry-Corry, 4th Earl Belmore GCMG, PC , styled as Viscount Corry from 1841 to 1845, was an Irish nobleman and Conservative politician.-Background and education:...
  
  
• Governor of Queensland
  Governors of Queensland
  The Governor of Queensland is the representative in the state of Queensland of the Queen of Australia. The Governor performs the same constitutional and ceremonial functions at the state level as does the Governor-General of Australia at the national level....
  
   — Sir George Bowen
  George Ferguson Bowen
  Sir George Ferguson Bowen GCMG was a British colonial administrator whose appointments included postings to the Ionian Islands, Queensland , New Zealand, Victoria , Mauritius and Hong Kong....
  
  
• Governor of South Australia
  Governors of South Australia
  The Governor of South Australia is the representative in the Australian state of South Australia of Elizabeth II, Queen of Australia. The Governor performs the same constitutional and ceremonial functions at the state level as does the Governor-General of Australia at the national level.In...
  
   — Sir Dominick Daly
  Dominick Daly
  Sir Dominick Daly was the Governor of Prince Edward Island from 11 July 1854 to 25 May 1859 and later Governor of South Australia from 4 March 1862 until his death on 19 February 1868....
  
  
• Governor of Tasmania
  Governors of Tasmania
  The Governor of Tasmania is the representative in the Australian state of Tasmania of Elizabeth II, Queen of Australia. The Governor performs the same constitutional and ceremonial functions at the state level as the Governor-General of Australia does at the national level.In accordance with the...
  
   — Colonel Thomas Browne
  Thomas Gore Browne
  Colonel Sir Thomas Robert Gore Browne KCMG CB was a British colonial administrator, who was Governor of St Helena, Governor of New Zealand, Governor of Tasmania and Governor of Bermuda.-Early life:...
  
  
• Governor of Victoria
  Governors of Victoria
  The Governor of Victoria is the representative in the Australian state of Victoria of its monarch, Elizabeth II, Queen of Australia. The Governor performs the same constitutional and ceremonial functions at the state level as does the Governor-General of Australia at the national level...
  
   — Sir John Manners-Sutton
  John Manners-Sutton, 3rd Viscount Canterbury
  John Henry Thomas Manners-Sutton, 3rd Viscount Canterbury KCB, GCMG , known as the Honourable Sir John Manners-Sutton between 1866 and 1869, was a British Tory politician and colonial administrator....
  
  

• Premier of New South Wales
  Premiers of New South Wales
  The Premier of New South Wales is the head of government in the state of New South Wales, Australia. The Government of New South Wales follows the Westminster system, with a Parliament of New South Wales acting as the legislature...
  
   — James Martin
  James Martin (Australian politician)
  Sir James Martin, KCB, QC was three times Premier of New South Wales, and Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales from 1873 to 1886.-Early career:...
  
  
• Premier of Queensland
  Premiers of Queensland
  Before the 1890s, there was no developed party system in Queensland. Political affiliation labels before that time indicate a general tendency only. Before the end of the first decade of the twentieth century, political parties were more akin to parliamentary factions, and were fluid, informal and...
  
   — Robert Herbert
  Robert Herbert
  Sir Robert George Wyndham Herbert, GCB , was the first Premier of Queensland, Australia.-Early years:Born in Brighton, England, Herbert was the only son of the Hon. Algernon Herbert, a younger son of the first Earl of Carnarvon. He was educated at Eton and Balliol College, Oxford...
  
   until 15 August then Robert Mackenzie
  Robert Mackenzie (Queensland politician)
  Sir Robert Ramsay Mackenzie, 10th Baronet was premier of Queensland, Australia from August 1867 to November 1868.-Early life:...
  
  
• Premier of South Australia
  Premiers of South Australia
  Before the 1890s when there was no formal party system in South Australia, MPs tended to have historical liberal or conservative beliefs. The liberals dominated government from 1893 to 1905 with Labor support, with the conservatives mostly in opposition. Labor took government with the support of...
  
   — James Boucaut
  James Boucaut
  Sir James Penn Boucaut KCMG was an Australian judge and politician, Premier of South Australia three times: 1866–1867, 1875–1876 and 1877–1878.-Early life:...
  
   until 3 May then Henry Ayers
  Henry Ayers
  Sir Henry Ayers GCMG was Premier of South Australia five times between 1863 and 1873, but is perhaps best remembered for having Uluru/Ayers Rock named for him.- Overview :...
  
   (for the 3rd time)
• Premier of Tasmania
  Premiers of Tasmania
  The Premier of Tasmania is the head of the executive government in the Australian state of Tasmania. By convention, the party or political grouping which has majority support in the House of Assembly will nominate its leader to be Premier. The nominated politician is then invited by the Governor of...
  
   — Richard Dry
  Richard Dry
  Sir Richard Dry, KCMG was an Australian politician, who was Premier of Tasmania from 24 November 1866 until 1 August 1869 when he died in office...
  
  
• Premier of Victoria
  Premiers of Victoria
  The Premier of Victoria is the leader of the government in the Australian state of Victoria. The Premier is appointed by the Governor of Victoria, and is the leader of the political party able to secure a majority in the Legislative Assembly....
  
   — James McCulloch
  James McCulloch
  James McCulloch is also the name of the cashier of the Baltimore branch of the Second National Bank of the United States. This James McCulloch was not involved in the McCulloch vs. Maryland U.S. Supreme Court case....
  
  

Events

• 7 January — Riots at the Crocodile Creek goldfield
  Bouldercombe Gorge Resources Reserve
  Bouldercombe Gorge is situated near the small town of Bouldercombe, near Rockhampton in Central Queensland, Australia. The gorge cuts into the Razorback Range and Crocodile Creek runs along the gorge floor....
  
   destroyed the property of Chinese
  Chinese Australian
  Chinese Australian is an Australian of Chinese heritage. In the 2006 Australian Census, 669,890 Australian residents identified themselves as having Chinese ancestry, either alone or with another ancestry....
  
   miners.
• 1 June — Greatest recorded flood of the Hawkesbury River
  Hawkesbury River
  The Hawkesbury River, also known as Deerubbun, is one of the major rivers of the coastal region of New South Wales, Australia. The Hawkesbury River and its tributaries virtually encircle the metropolitan region of Sydney.-Geography:-Course:...
  
   at 19.2 metres.
• 12 October — The transportation of convicts to Western Australia ceases when the last convict ship to Western Australia, the Hougoumont
  Hougoumont (ship)
  Hougoumont was the last convict ship to transport convicts to Australia.A three-masted full rigged ship of the type commonly known as a Blackwall Frigate of 875 tons gross on dimensions of 165.5 feet long, 34 ft beam and 23 ft depth of hold, Hougoumont was constructed at Moulmein, Burma...
  
  , left Britain.
• 16 October — English immigrant James Nash reports to authorities that he has discovered 75 ounces of alluvial
  Alluvium
  Alluvium is loose, unconsolidated soil or sediments, eroded, deposited, and reshaped by water in some form in a non-marine setting. Alluvium is typically made up of a variety of materials, including fine particles of silt and clay and larger particles of sand and gravel...
  
   gold
  Gold
  Gold is a chemical element with the symbol Au and an atomic number of 79. Gold is a dense, soft, shiny, malleable and ductile metal. Pure gold has a bright yellow color and luster traditionally considered attractive, which it maintains without oxidizing in air or water. Chemically, gold is a...
  
   in a creek at Gympie, Queensland
  Gympie, Queensland
  Gympie is a regional town in south eastern Queensland, Australia, about north of the state capital, Brisbane. The city lies on the Mary River. Gympie is the administrative centre for the Gympie Region area...
  
  . The find sparks a gold rush
  Gold rush
  A gold rush is a period of feverish migration of workers to an area that has had a dramatic discovery of gold. Major gold rushes took place in the 19th century in Australia, Brazil, Canada, South Africa, and the United States, while smaller gold rushes took place elsewhere.In the 19th and early...
  
   to the area, saving the colony of Queensland
  Queensland
  Queensland is a state of Australia, occupying the north-eastern section of the mainland continent. It is bordered by the Northern Territory, South Australia and New South Wales to the west, south-west and south respectively. To the east, Queensland is bordered by the Coral Sea and Pacific Ocean...
  
   from bankruptcy
  Bankruptcy
  Bankruptcy is a legal status of an insolvent person or an organisation, that is, one that cannot repay the debts owed to creditors. In most jurisdictions bankruptcy is imposed by a court order, often initiated by the debtor....
  
  .
• 30 October — Prince Alfred
  Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
  Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha was the third Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, and reigned from 1893 to 1900. He was also a member of the British Royal Family, the second son and fourth child of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha...
  
  , second son of Queen Victoria, arrives in Australia for the country's first royal visit.

Religion

• Saint Mary MacKillop and Fr Julian Tenison Woods
  Julian Tenison Woods
  Julian Edmund Tenison Woods was an English Roman Catholic priest and geologist, active in Australia. With Saint Mary MacKillop, he helped to found the Sisters of St Joseph of the Sacred Heart at Penola in 1866....
  
   found the Sisters of St Joseph of the Sacred Heart
  Sisters of St Joseph of the Sacred Heart
  The Sisters of Saint Joseph of the Sacred Heart, often called the Josephites , were founded in Penola, South Australia in 1866 by Mary MacKillop and Father Julian Tenison Woods....
  
  

Births

• 8 April — Arthur Streeton
  Arthur Streeton
  Sir Arthur Ernest Streeton was an Australian landscape painter.-Early life:Streeton was born in Mount Duneed, near Geelong, and his family moved to Richmond in 1874. In 1882, Streeton commenced art studies with G. F. Folingsby at the National Gallery School.Streeton was influenced by French...
  
  , artist (d. 1943)
• 17 June — Henry Lawson
  Henry Lawson
  Henry Lawson was an Australian writer and poet. Along with his contemporary Banjo Paterson, Lawson is among the best-known Australian poets and fiction writers of the colonial period and is often called Australia's "greatest writer"...
  
  , writer (d. 1922)
• 4 December — Stanley Argyle
  Stanley Argyle
  Sir Stanley Seymour Argyle KBE , Australian politician, was the 32nd Premier of Victoria. He was born in Kyneton, Victoria, the son of a grazier, and was educated at Brighton Grammar School and the University of Melbourne, where he graduated in medicine...
  
  , Premier of Victoria (d. 1940)
• 26 December — John Bradfield, engineer (d. 1943)

Deaths

• 11 January — Stuart Donaldson
  Stuart Donaldson
  Sir Stuart Alexander Donaldson was the first Premier of the Colony of New South Wales.-Early life:Donaldson was born in London, England. He entered his father's firm at the age of 15 and was sent first to Mexico , for business training, and then to Sydney, where he arrived in 1835...
  
  , Premier of New South Wales (b. 1812)
• 25 June — Bushranger
  Bushranger
  Bushrangers, or bush rangers, originally referred to runaway convicts in the early years of the British settlement of Australia who had the survival skills necessary to use the Australian bush as a refuge to hide from the authorities...
  
  s the Clarke brothers
  Clarke brothers
  The Clarke brothers were Australian bushrangers active in New South Wales the late 19th century.The Clarke brothers, Thomas and John and James, were from Braidwood, New South Wales. From 1865 they were active around the area that became the Australian Capital Territory, where they held up stations,...
  
   executed in Sydney.
• 11 November — Mary Ann Bugg
  Mary Ann Bugg
  Mary Ann Bugg was one of two notable female bushrangers in mid 19th century Australia.-Early years:Mary Ann Bugg was born at the Berrico outstation near Gloucester in New South Wales, Australia...
  
  , bushranger (b. 1834)