1-Pyrroline-5-carboxylic acid
Encyclopedia
1-Pyrroline-5-carboxylic acid, also known as 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate, delta-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylic acid, and P5C, is an imino acid
. The stereoisomer
(S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate is a biosynthetic
metabolite
that is synthesized from proline
by the enzyme
pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase
and converted into the amino acid
glutamate by the enzyme 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate dehydrogenase
.
Imino acid
In chemistry, an imino acid is any molecule that contains both imino and carboxyl functional groups.Imino acids are related to amino acids, which contain both amino and carboxyl functional groups...
. The stereoisomer
Chirality (chemistry)
A chiral molecule is a type of molecule that lacks an internal plane of symmetry and thus has a non-superimposable mirror image. The feature that is most often the cause of chirality in molecules is the presence of an asymmetric carbon atom....
(S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate is a biosynthetic
Biosynthesis
Biosynthesis is an enzyme-catalyzed process in cells of living organisms by which substrates are converted to more complex products. The biosynthesis process often consists of several enzymatic steps in which the product of one step is used as substrate in the following step...
metabolite
Metabolite
Metabolites are the intermediates and products of metabolism. The term metabolite is usually restricted to small molecules. A primary metabolite is directly involved in normal growth, development, and reproduction. Alcohol is an example of a primary metabolite produced in large-scale by industrial...
that is synthesized from proline
Proline
Proline is an α-amino acid, one of the twenty DNA-encoded amino acids. Its codons are CCU, CCC, CCA, and CCG. It is not an essential amino acid, which means that the human body can synthesize it. It is unique among the 20 protein-forming amino acids in that the α-amino group is secondary...
by the enzyme
Enzyme
Enzymes are proteins that catalyze chemical reactions. In enzymatic reactions, the molecules at the beginning of the process, called substrates, are converted into different molecules, called products. Almost all chemical reactions in a biological cell need enzymes in order to occur at rates...
pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase
Pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase
In enzymology, a pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reactionThe 3 substrates of this enzyme are L-proline, NAD+, and NADP+, whereas its 4 products are 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate, NADH, NADPH, and H+....
and converted into the amino acid
Amino acid
Amino acids are molecules containing an amine group, a carboxylic acid group and a side-chain that varies between different amino acids. The key elements of an amino acid are carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen...
glutamate by the enzyme 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate dehydrogenase
1-Pyrroline-5-carboxylate dehydrogenase
In enzymology, a 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate dehydrogenase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reactionThe three substrates of this enzyme are -1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate, NAD+, and H2O, whereas its three products are glutamate, NADH, and H+....
.