0-8-2
Encyclopedia
Under the Whyte notation
for the classification of steam locomotive
s, 0-8-2 represents the wheel arrangement
of no leading wheel
s, eight powered and coupled driving wheel
s on four axles, and two trailing wheel
s on one axle (usually in a trailing truck).
Other equivalent classifications are:
UIC classification
(also known as German classification and Italian classification): D1,
French classification: 041,
Turkish classification: 45,
Swiss classification: 4/5.
, a number of tank locomotive
designs were built of the 0-8-2 type, including the London and North Eastern Railway
(LNER) R1 class, designed by Henry A. Ivatt and built originally for the Great Northern Railway
as their class L1
. These locomotives were intended for suburban passenger service, but did not prove satisfactory, so they ended up on freight service.Marsden, Richard. The Ivatt R1 0-8-2 Tank Locomotives. Retrieved on May 11, 2005.
Other examples include the LNWR 1185 Class
and the Port Talbot Railway 0-8-2T (Cooke) and Port Talbot Railway 0-8-2T (Sharp Stewart).
, its use was confined to 2-8-2
"Mikado" types assigned to switcher
roles; the lead truck was often removed to give more weight on drivers, a guiding truck not being needed at slow speed.
lines, where the lack of leading wheels was less important due to the relatively slow operating speeds.
0-8-2 locomotives operate, for example, on the Zillertalbahn in Austria
. The X class locomotives
of the metre gauge
Nilgiri Mountain Railway
in the Nilgiri Hills of southern India
has a class 0-8-2T rack and pinion
compound locomotive
s built by the Swiss Locomotive and Machine Works, Winterthur
.
T locomotive was rebuilt in 1927, as an 0-8-2 tender locomotive named River Irt. It has remained in traffic on passenger duties ever since and is now the oldest working 15" gauge locomotive in the world.
Whyte notation
The Whyte notation for classifying steam locomotives by wheel arrangement was devised by Frederick Methvan Whyte and came into use in the early twentieth century encouraged by an editorial in American Engineer and Railroad Journal...
for the classification of steam locomotive
Steam locomotive
A steam locomotive is a railway locomotive that produces its power through a steam engine. These locomotives are fueled by burning some combustible material, usually coal, wood or oil, to produce steam in a boiler, which drives the steam engine...
s, 0-8-2 represents the wheel arrangement
Wheel arrangement
In rail transport, a wheel arrangement is a system of classifying the way in which wheels are distributed beneath a locomotive.. Several notations exist to describe the wheel assemblies of a locomotive by type, position, and connections, with the adopted notations varying by country...
of no leading wheel
Leading wheel
The leading wheel or leading axle of a steam locomotive is an unpowered wheel or axle located in front of the driving wheels. The axle or axles of the leading wheels are normally located in a truck...
s, eight powered and coupled driving wheel
Driving wheel
On a steam locomotive, a driving wheel is a powered wheel which is driven by the locomotive's pistons...
s on four axles, and two trailing wheel
Trailing wheel
On a steam locomotive, a trailing wheel or trailing axle is generally an unpowered wheel or axle located behind the driving wheels. The axle of the trailing wheels was usually located on a trailing truck...
s on one axle (usually in a trailing truck).
Other equivalent classifications are:
UIC classification
UIC classification
The UIC classification of locomotive axle arrangements describes the wheel arrangement of locomotives, multiple units and trams. It is set out in the International Union of Railways "Leaflet 650 - Standard designation of axle arrangement on locomotives and multiple-unit sets". It is used in much...
(also known as German classification and Italian classification): D1,
French classification: 041,
Turkish classification: 45,
Swiss classification: 4/5.
United Kingdom
In the United KingdomUnited Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, a number of tank locomotive
Tank locomotive
A tank locomotive or tank engine is a steam locomotive that carries its water in one or more on-board water tanks, instead of pulling it behind it in a tender. It will most likely also have some kind of bunker to hold the fuel. There are several different types of tank locomotive dependent upon...
designs were built of the 0-8-2 type, including the London and North Eastern Railway
London and North Eastern Railway
The London and North Eastern Railway was the second-largest of the "Big Four" railway companies created by the Railways Act 1921 in Britain...
(LNER) R1 class, designed by Henry A. Ivatt and built originally for the Great Northern Railway
Great Northern Railway (Great Britain)
The Great Northern Railway was a British railway company established by the Great Northern Railway Act of 1846. On 1 January 1923 the company lost its identity as a constituent of the newly formed London and North Eastern Railway....
as their class L1
GNR Class L1
The Great Northern Railway Class L1 was a 0-8-2T side tank steam locomotive designed by Henry Ivatt. It was originally designed for suburban passenger traffic on the Metropolitan City Lines....
. These locomotives were intended for suburban passenger service, but did not prove satisfactory, so they ended up on freight service.Marsden, Richard. The Ivatt R1 0-8-2 Tank Locomotives. Retrieved on May 11, 2005.
Other examples include the LNWR 1185 Class
LNWR 1185 Class
- External links :* *...
and the Port Talbot Railway 0-8-2T (Cooke) and Port Talbot Railway 0-8-2T (Sharp Stewart).
North America
The 0-8-2 was not a common wheel arrangement. In North AmericaNorth America
North America is a continent wholly within the Northern Hemisphere and almost wholly within the Western Hemisphere. It is also considered a northern subcontinent of the Americas...
, its use was confined to 2-8-2
2-8-2
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 2-8-2 represents the wheel arrangement of two leading wheels on one axle , eight powered and coupled driving wheels on four axles, and two trailing wheels on one axle...
"Mikado" types assigned to switcher
Switcher
A switcher or shunter is a small railroad locomotive intended not for moving trains over long distances but rather for assembling trains ready for a road locomotive to take over, disassembling a train that has been...
roles; the lead truck was often removed to give more weight on drivers, a guiding truck not being needed at slow speed.
Narrow gauge railways
The arrangement has proved a little more popular on narrow gauge and minimum gaugeMinimum gauge railway
Minimum gauge railways have a gauge of less than or , most commonly , , or . The notion of minimum gauge railways was originally developed by estate railways and by the French company of Decauville for industrial railways....
lines, where the lack of leading wheels was less important due to the relatively slow operating speeds.
0-8-2 locomotives operate, for example, on the Zillertalbahn in Austria
Austria
Austria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country of roughly 8.4 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the...
. The X class locomotives
Nilgiri Mountain Railway X class
The X class locomotives are a class of metre gauge 0-8-2T rack and pinion compound locomotives working on the Nilgiri Mountain Railway in the Nilgiri Hills of southern India. They are used on the 20 km section between Coonoor and Kallar where the gradient of the track can be as steep as 1 in...
of the metre gauge
Metre gauge
Metre gauge refers to narrow gauge railways and tramways with a track gauge of . In some African, American and Asian countries it is the main gauge. In Europe it has been used for local railways in France, Germany, and Belgium, most of which were closed down in mid 20th century. Only in Switzerland...
Nilgiri Mountain Railway
Nilgiri Mountain Railway
The Nilgiri Mountain Railway is a railway in Tamil Nadu, India, built by the British in 1908, and was initially operated by the Madras Railway Company. The railway still relies on its fleet of steam locomotives. NMR comes under the jurisdiction of the newly formed Salem Division...
in the Nilgiri Hills of southern India
India
India , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...
has a class 0-8-2T rack and pinion
Rack railway
A rack-and-pinion railway is a railway with a toothed rack rail, usually between the running rails. The trains are fitted with one or more cog wheels or pinions that mesh with this rack rail...
compound locomotive
Compound locomotive
A compound engine unit is a type of steam engine where steam is expanded in two or more stages.A typical arrangement for a compound engine is that the steam is first expanded in a high-pressure cylinder, then having given up heat and losing pressure, it exhausts directly into one or more larger...
s built by the Swiss Locomotive and Machine Works, Winterthur
Winterthur
Winterthur is a city in the canton of Zurich in northern Switzerland. It has the country's sixth largest population with an estimate of more than 100,000 people. In the local dialect and by its inhabitants, it is usually abbreviated to Winti...
.
Minimum gauge railways
One Ravenglass and Eskdale Railway, 0-8-00-8-0
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 0-8-0 represents the wheel arrangement of no leading wheels, eight powered and coupled driving wheels on four axles, and no trailing wheels...
T locomotive was rebuilt in 1927, as an 0-8-2 tender locomotive named River Irt. It has remained in traffic on passenger duties ever since and is now the oldest working 15" gauge locomotive in the world.