Étienne Le Camus
Encyclopedia
Étienne Le Camus was a French cardinal
.
of the king, and enjoyed the friendship of Bossuet
. The Sorbonne
made him doctor of theology
at the age of eighteen.
The fact of his consorting with such men as Benserade, Vivonne
, and Bussy
drew upon him the severity of Mazarin, and he was for a while exiled to Meaux
. Recalled through the influence of Colbert
, he retired in 1665 to La Trappe Abbey
with de Rancé, and passed from his former levity to an asceticism
that led him to Port-Royal.
The publication of his letters by Ingold shows that Jansenism
was with Le Camus more a matter of personal sympathy and spiritual discipline than of doctrinal tenets. Made against his will Bishop of Grenoble in 1671, he proved himself zealous almost to excess in reforming abuses in his diocese. In the affair of the régale he acted as intermediary between Rome and Versailles, and showed creditable courage before the omnipotent Louis XIV.
Pope Innocent XI
, having made him cardinal instead of Harlay
, presented by the king, he was not allowed till 1689 to go to Rome to receive the insignia of his dignity. Le Camus founded in the Diocese of Grenoble two seminaries and several charitable institutions.
Cardinal (Catholicism)
A cardinal is a senior ecclesiastical official, usually an ordained bishop, and ecclesiastical prince of the Catholic Church. They are collectively known as the College of Cardinals, which as a body elects a new pope. The duties of the cardinals include attending the meetings of the College and...
.
Biography
Through the influence of his father, Nicolas le Camus, a state councillor, he was when still very young attached to the court as almonerAlmoner
An almoner is a chaplain or church officer who originally was in charge of distributing cash to the deserving poor.Historically, almoners were Christian religious functionaries whose duty was to distribute alms to the poor. Monasteries were required to spend one tenth of their income in charity to...
of the king, and enjoyed the friendship of Bossuet
Jacques-Bénigne Bossuet
Jacques-Bénigne Bossuet was a French bishop and theologian, renowned for his sermons and other addresses. He has been considered by many to be one of the most brilliant orators of all time and a masterly French stylist....
. The Sorbonne
Sorbonne
The Sorbonne is an edifice of the Latin Quarter, in Paris, France, which has been the historical house of the former University of Paris...
made him doctor of theology
Doctor of Theology
Doctor of Theology is a terminal academic degree in theology. It is a research degree that is considered by the U.S. National Science Foundation to be the equivalent of a Doctor of Philosophy....
at the age of eighteen.
The fact of his consorting with such men as Benserade, Vivonne
Vivonne
Vivonne is a commune in the Vienne department in the Poitou-Charentes region in western France.Louis Victor de Rochechouart de Mortemart, brother of Madame de Montespan was the duc de Vivonne....
, and Bussy
Bussy
-Ohio:*Bussy, Cher, in the Cher département*Bussy, Oise, in the Oise département*Bussy-Albieux, in the Loire département*Bussy-en-Othe, in the Yonne département*Bussy-la-Pesle, Côte-d'Or, in the Côte-d'Or département...
drew upon him the severity of Mazarin, and he was for a while exiled to Meaux
Meaux
Meaux is a commune in the Seine-et-Marne department in the Île-de-France region in the metropolitan area of Paris, France. It is located east-northeast from the center of Paris. Meaux is a sub-prefecture of the department and the seat of an arondissement...
. Recalled through the influence of Colbert
Jean-Baptiste Colbert
Jean-Baptiste Colbert was a French politician who served as the Minister of Finances of France from 1665 to 1683 under the rule of King Louis XIV. His relentless hard work and thrift made him an esteemed minister. He achieved a reputation for his work of improving the state of French manufacturing...
, he retired in 1665 to La Trappe Abbey
La Trappe Abbey
La Trappe Abbey or La Grande Trappe is a monastery in Soligny-la-Trappe, Orne, France, and the house of origin of the Order of Cistercians of the Strict Observance , Reformed Cistercians or Trappists, to whom it gave its name.-History:The site of the famous La Trappe Abbey was for centuries...
with de Rancé, and passed from his former levity to an asceticism
Asceticism
Asceticism describes a lifestyle characterized by abstinence from various sorts of worldly pleasures often with the aim of pursuing religious and spiritual goals...
that led him to Port-Royal.
The publication of his letters by Ingold shows that Jansenism
Jansenism
Jansenism was a Christian theological movement, primarily in France, that emphasized original sin, human depravity, the necessity of divine grace, and predestination. The movement originated from the posthumously published work of the Dutch theologian Cornelius Otto Jansen, who died in 1638...
was with Le Camus more a matter of personal sympathy and spiritual discipline than of doctrinal tenets. Made against his will Bishop of Grenoble in 1671, he proved himself zealous almost to excess in reforming abuses in his diocese. In the affair of the régale he acted as intermediary between Rome and Versailles, and showed creditable courage before the omnipotent Louis XIV.
Pope Innocent XI
Pope Innocent XI
Blessed Pope Innocent XI , born Benedetto Odescalchi, was Pope from 1676 to 1689.-Early life:Benedetto Odescalchi was born at Como in 1611 , the son of a Como nobleman, Livio Odescalchi, and Paola Castelli Giovanelli from Gandino...
, having made him cardinal instead of Harlay
François de Harlay de Champvallon
François de Harlay de Champvallon was the fifth archbishop of Paris.-Early years:...
, presented by the king, he was not allowed till 1689 to go to Rome to receive the insignia of his dignity. Le Camus founded in the Diocese of Grenoble two seminaries and several charitable institutions.