Zainab bint Muhammad
Encyclopedia
Zainab bint Muhammad was the eldest daughter of the Islamic prophet Muhammad
and his first wife Khadijah
. She was born in the fifth year of his marriage to Khadijah, when he was thirty. She died in 8 AH.
. She became the mother of two children: Ali
and Umamah
. Ali died during the lifetime of Muhammad. This same Ali was reported to have been the person who sat with Muhammad on the camel's back at the time of his triumphant entry into Mecca. Umamah, who as a little girl rode on her grandfather Muhammad's back as he prostrated in salat
, lived long after his death. Ali 'ibn Abi Talib
married Umamah on the death of Fatimah
, his first wife.
One source states:
The famous Sunni scholar Yusuf ibn abd al-Barr
says: "His children born of Khadīja are four daughters; there is no difference of opinion about that".
Sunnis do not contest the parentage of Khadijah's daughters and believe that all four were borne to Muhammad. They affirm what the Qur'an states, "O Prophet! Tell your wives and your daughters and the women of the believers...".
According to some Shia sources, she only had one daughter, Fatimah. The others were said to have belonged to her sister Halah or were her daughters from a previous marriage. Thus, the Shia scholar Abu'l-Qasim al-Kufi writes:
"When the Messenger of Allah married Khadijah, then some time thereafter Halah died leaving two daughters, one named Zaynab and the other named Ruqayyah and both of them were brought up by the Prophet and Khadijah and they maintained them, and it was the custom before Islam that a child was assigned to whoever brought him up." (al-lstighathah, p. 69)
Muhammad
Muhammad |ligature]] at U+FDF4 ;Arabic pronunciation varies regionally; the first vowel ranges from ~~; the second and the last vowel: ~~~. There are dialects which have no stress. In Egypt, it is pronounced not in religious contexts...
and his first wife Khadijah
Khadijah bint Khuwaylid
Khadījah bint Khuwaylid or Khadījah al-Kubra was the first wife of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. She was the daughter of Khuwaylid ibn Asad and Fatimah bint Za'idah and belonged to the clan of Banu Asad. She is important in Islam as Muhammad's first wife, and one of the "mothers of the believers"...
. She was born in the fifth year of his marriage to Khadijah, when he was thirty. She died in 8 AH.
Marriage & children
Zainab was married to her maternal cousin Abu al-Aas ibn al-RabiahAbu al-Aas ibn al-Rabiah
Abu al-Aas ibn al-Rabee was a companion of Muhammad belonging to the Banu Abd Shams clan of the Quraish.-Family:His maternal aunt was Khadijah bint Khuwaylid, the wife of Muhammad. He married Zaynab bint Muhammad, the daughter of Muhammad.-Muhammad's era:...
. She became the mother of two children: Ali
Ali ibn Zainab
Ali ibn Zainab was a sahaba of Muhammad. He was the son of Zainab bint Muhammad and grandson of Muhammad, he died after a few years in 9 AH. His sister was Umamah bint Zainab.-External links:**...
and Umamah
Umamah bint Zainab
Umamah bint Zainab was a daughter of Zainab and granddaugher of Muhammad, the prophet of Islam. She is also numbered among the Sahaba of Muhammad....
. Ali died during the lifetime of Muhammad. This same Ali was reported to have been the person who sat with Muhammad on the camel's back at the time of his triumphant entry into Mecca. Umamah, who as a little girl rode on her grandfather Muhammad's back as he prostrated in salat
Salat
Salah is the practice of formal prayer in Islam. Its importance for Muslims is indicated by its status as one of the Five Pillars of Sunni Islam, of the Ten Practices of the Religion of Twelver Islam and of the 7 pillars of Musta'lī Ismailis...
, lived long after his death. Ali 'ibn Abi Talib
Ali
' |Ramaḍān]], 40 AH; approximately October 23, 598 or 600 or March 17, 599 – January 27, 661).His father's name was Abu Talib. Ali was also the cousin and son-in-law of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, and ruled over the Islamic Caliphate from 656 to 661, and was the first male convert to Islam...
married Umamah on the death of Fatimah
Fatimah
Fatimah was a daughter of the Islamic prophet Muhammad from his first wife Khadijah bint Khuwaylid. She is regarded by Muslims as an exemplar for men and women. She remained at her father's side through the difficulties suffered by him at the hands of the Quraysh of Mecca...
, his first wife.
After Al-Hijra
When Muhammad abandoned Mecca for Medina, his daughter Zaynab could not bear to leave her non-Muslim husband Abu al-'Aas, and was not required to do so until years later under other circumstances. Muhammad did not automatically divorce them.One source states:
- At one time there were three girls living in the household of Khadija. Their names were Zainab, Ruqayya and Umm Kulthoom. Zainab, the eldest of the three, was married to one Abul-'As ibn er-Rabi' of Makkah. This man fought against the Prophet in the battle of Badr, and was captured by the Muslims. To ransom his freedom, his wife sent to the Prophet, a necklace which at one time had belonged to Khadija, and she had given it to her as a present on her marriage. Abul-'As was set free; he returned to Makkah, and sent Zainab to Medina as he had promised to do. Zainab, however, died soon after her arrival in Medina. Later, Abul-'As also went to Medina, accepted Islam, and lived with the Muslims.
Daughters of Muhammad and Khadijah
The daughters attributed to Muhammad are;- Zainab bint Muhammad, married to her maternal cousin Abu al-Aas ibn al-Rabee before al-Hijra
- Ruqayyah bint MuhammadRuqayyah bint MuhammadRuqayyah bint Muhammad was the second daughter of the Islamic Prophet Muhammad and his first wife Khadija. She was amongst the earliest converts to Islam. She had married Utbah ibn Abu Lahab, but he divorced her after her conversion to Islam, after which she married Uthman bin Affan...
, was first married to Utbah ibn Abu LahabUtbah ibn Abu LahabSon of Abu Lahab, he married Muhammad's second daughter Ruqayyah, but divorced her on his father's request.He had an Arab slave-girl named Barirah mawla Aisha whom he did not treat well.-See also:*Family tree of Utbah ibn Abu Lahab...
& then to Uthman ibn Affan - Umm Kulthum bint MuhammadUmm Kulthum bint MuhammadUmm Kulthum was the third daughter of the Islamic prophet, Muhammad from his first wife Khadijah bint Khuwaylid.- Marriage and children :She was first married to Utaybah bin Abu Lahab...
, was first married to Utaybah bin Abu LahabUtaybah bin Abu LahabSon of Abu Lahab, he married Muhammad's third daughter Umm Kulthum, but divorced her on his father's request.-See also:*Family tree of Utaybah bin Abu Lahab...
& then to Uthman ibn Affan after the death of her sister Ruqayyah - Fatimah, was married to Ali ibn Abi Talib
The famous Sunni scholar Yusuf ibn abd al-Barr
Yusuf ibn abd al-Barr
Yusuf ibn Abdallah ibn Mohammed ibn Abd al-Barr, Abu Umar al-Namari al-Andalusi al-Qurtubi al-Maliki, commonly known as Ibn Abd-al-Barr was a famous Sunni Maliki Islamic Scholar...
says: "His children born of Khadīja are four daughters; there is no difference of opinion about that".
Sunnis do not contest the parentage of Khadijah's daughters and believe that all four were borne to Muhammad. They affirm what the Qur'an states, "O Prophet! Tell your wives and your daughters and the women of the believers...".
According to some Shia sources, she only had one daughter, Fatimah. The others were said to have belonged to her sister Halah or were her daughters from a previous marriage. Thus, the Shia scholar Abu'l-Qasim al-Kufi writes:
"When the Messenger of Allah married Khadijah, then some time thereafter Halah died leaving two daughters, one named Zaynab and the other named Ruqayyah and both of them were brought up by the Prophet and Khadijah and they maintained them, and it was the custom before Islam that a child was assigned to whoever brought him up." (al-lstighathah, p. 69)
See also
- Fatima bint Muhammad
- Ruqayyah bint MuhammadRuqayyah bint MuhammadRuqayyah bint Muhammad was the second daughter of the Islamic Prophet Muhammad and his first wife Khadija. She was amongst the earliest converts to Islam. She had married Utbah ibn Abu Lahab, but he divorced her after her conversion to Islam, after which she married Uthman bin Affan...
- Umm Kulthum bint MuhammadUmm Kulthum bint MuhammadUmm Kulthum was the third daughter of the Islamic prophet, Muhammad from his first wife Khadijah bint Khuwaylid.- Marriage and children :She was first married to Utaybah bin Abu Lahab...
- Genealogy of Khadijah's daughtersGenealogy of Khadijah's DaughtersKhadijah bint Khuwaylid, the first wife of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, had six children. Some Shia dispute whether all of the children were born in her marriage to Muhammad, or if three of the four daughters were born to a previous marriage.-Introduction:...
- SahabaSahabaIn Islam, the ' were the companions, disciples, scribes and family of the Islamic prophet...