Wulfstan II, Archbishop of York

Wulfstan II, Archbishop of York

Wulfstan was an English Bishop of London, Bishop of Worcester, and Archbishop of York. He should not be confused with Wulfstan I, Archbishop of York or Wulfstan, Bishop of Worcester. He is thought to have begun his ecclesiastical career as a Benedictine monk. He became the Bishop of London in 996...

 wrote some works in Latin

Latin

Latin is an Italic language originally spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. It, along with most European languages, is a descendant of the ancient Proto-Indo-European language. Although it is considered a dead language, a number of scholars and members of the Christian clergy speak it fluently, and...

, and numerous works in Old English

Old English language

Old English or Anglo-Saxon is an early form of the English language that was spoken and written by the Anglo-Saxons and their descendants in parts of what are now England and southeastern Scotland between at least the mid-5th century and the mid-12th century...

, then the vernacular

Vernacular

A vernacular is the native language or native dialect of a specific population, as opposed to a language of wider communication that is not native to the population, such as a national language or lingua franca.- Etymology :The term is not a recent one...

. He has also been credited with a few short poems. His works can generally be divided into homiletic

Homily

A homily is a commentary that follows a reading of scripture. In Catholic, Anglican, Lutheran, and Eastern Orthodox Churches, a homily is usually given during Mass at the end of the Liturgy of the Word...

, legal, and philosophical (or socio-political) categories.

Homiletic

'Block' 1 ("Eschatological Homilies")

• De Anticristo http://webpages.ursinus.edu/jlionarons/wulfstan/Iaframe.html (Latin, Bethurum Ia)
• De Anticristo http://webpages.ursinus.edu/jlionarons/wulfstan/Ibframe.html (Old English, Bethurum Ib)

• Lectio Sancti Evangelii Secundum Matheum http://webpages.ursinus.edu/jlionarons/wulfstan/IIframe.html (Old English, Bethurum II)
• Secundum Lucamhttp://webpages.ursinus.edu/jlionarons/wulfstan/IIIframe.html (Old English, Bethurum III)

• De Temporibus Anticristi http://webpages.ursinus.edu/jlionarons/wulfstan/IVframe.html (Old English, Bethurum IV)
• Secundum Marcum http://webpages.ursinus.edu/jlionarons/wulfstan/Vframe.html (Old English, Bethurum V)

'Block' 2 ("The Christian Faith")

• Incipiunt Sermones Lupi Episcopi (Old English, Bethurum VI)
• De Fide Catholica (Old English, Bethurum VII)
• To Eallum Folke (Old English, Bethurum VIIa)
• Incipit de Baptisma (Latin, Bethurum VIIIa)

• Dominica Quaterna vel Quando Volueris (Old English, Bethurum VIIIb)
• Sermo de Baptismate (Old English, Bethurum VIIIc)
• De Septiformi Spiritu (Old English, Bethurum IX; a reworking of a homily by Ælfric)
• De Regula Canonicorum (Old English, Bethurum Xa; a translation of chapter 145 of the 816 Council of Aachen
  Council of Aachen
  A number of significant councils of the Roman Catholic Church were held at Aachen in the early Middle Ages.In the mixed council of 798, Charlemagne proclaimed a capitulary of eighty-one chapters, largely a repetition of earlier ecclesiastical legislation, that was accepted by the clergy and...
  
  )

• De Cristianitate (Latin, Bethurum Xb)
• Her Ongynð Be Cristendome (Old English, Bethurum XC; a reworking of Xa and Xb)
• Incipit de Visione Isaie Prophete Quam Vidit Super Idam et Hierusalem (Latin & Old English, Bethurum XI)
• De Falsis Deis
  De Falsis Deis
  De falsis deis, also known as "”Homily XII"” and "”On False Gods””, is one of the homilies written by Wulfstan II, Archbishop of York and was an expansion of part of one of Ælfric of Eynsham’s homilies...
  
  (Old English, Bethurum XII; a reworking of a homily by Ælfric)

'Block' 3 ("Archiepiscopal Functions")

• Sermo ad Populum (Old English, Bethurum XIII)
• Sermo in Quadragesima (Old English, Bethurum XIV)
• Sermo de Cena Domini (Old English, Bethurum XV)

• Verba Ezechielis Prophete de Pastoribus non recte Agentibus (Latin, Bethurum XVIa)
• Verba Ezechielis Prophete de Pigris aut Timidis vel Negligentibus Pastoribus (Old English, Bethurum XVIb; a translation of XVIa)

• Lectio Secundum Lucam (Old English, Bethurum XVII)
• De Dedicatione Ecclesiae (Old English, Bethurum XVIII)

'Block' 4 ("Evil Days")

• Be Godcundre Warnunge (Old English, Bethurum XIX)

• Sermo Lupi ad Anglos
  Sermo Lupi ad Anglos
  The Sermo Lupi ad Anglos is the title given to a homily composed in England between 1010-1016 by Wulfstan II, Archbishop of York , who commonly styled himself Lupus, or 'wolf' after the first element in his name [wulf-stan = 'wolf-stone']. Though the title is Latin, the work itself is written in...
  
  http://english3.fsu.edu/~wulfstan/noframes.html (Old English, Bethurum XX; in multiple versions written at different times)

• Her is gyt Rihtlic Warnung ond Soðlic Myngung Ðeode to Ðearfe (Old English, Bethurum XXI)

Miscellaneous

• Untitled (Napier I)
• Untitled (Napier XXIII)
• Untitled (Napier XXIV)
• To Folce (Napier XXV)
• To Eallum Folce (Napier XXVII)
• Be Mistlican Gelimpan (Napier XXXV)
• To Eallum Folce (Napier XXXVI)
• Her Is Gyt Oþer Wel God Eaca (Napier XXXVIII)

• ?Ðis Man Gerædde, đa se Micela Here Com to Lande (Napier XXXIX)
• Larspel and Scriftboc (Napier XLVII; first part only)
• ?Larspel (Napier L)
• To Eallan Folke (Napier LI)
• To Mæssepreostum (Napier LII)
• To Mæssepreostum (Napier LIII)
• Sermo Lupi (Napier LIX)
• Be Hæðendome (Napier LX)
• Be Cristendome (Napier LXI)

• ?Admonitio episcoporum utilis (Latin; ed. Hall; in two versions)
• ?Admonitio spiritalis doctrinae (Latin; ed. Cross)
• ?Contra iniquos iudices et falsos testes (Latin; ed. Hall)
• ?De adiutorio Dei et libero arbitrio (Latin; ed. Hall)
• ?De blasphemia (Latin; ed. Elliot http://individual.utoronto.ca/michaelelliot/manuscripts/texts/transcriptions/deblasphemia.pdf)
• ?De coniugio antiquo (Latin; ed. Cross-Hamer)
• ?De conversione et penitentia et communione (Latin; ed. Hall)
• ?De decimis dandis (Latin; ed. Hall)
• ?De diversitate ordinum (Latin; ed. Elliot http://individual.utoronto.ca/michaelelliot/manuscripts/texts/transcriptions/dediversitateordinum.pdf)
• ?De dominis et seruis (Latin; ed. Hall)
• ?De ieiunio quattuor temporum (Latin; ed. Cross)
• ?De paenitentia communi pro quacumque tribulatione (Latin; ed. Elliot http://individual.utoronto.ca/michaelelliot/manuscripts/texts/transcriptions/depencomm.pdf)
• ?De pastore et praedicatore (Latin; ed. Elliot http://individual.utoronto.ca/michaelelliot/manuscripts/texts/transcriptions/depastore.pdf)
• ?De rapinis ecclesiasticarum rerum (Latin; ed. Cross; in two versions)
• ?De resurrectione mortuorum (Latin; ed. Hall)
• ?De veneratione sacerdotum (Latin; ed. Elliot http://individual.utoronto.ca/michaelelliot/manuscripts/texts/transcriptions/deveneratione.pdf; in multiple versions)
• ?In nomine Domini (Latin; ed. di Sciacca)
• ?Sermo ad coniugatos et filios (Latin; ed. Hall)
• ?Sermo ad viduas (Latin; ed. Hall)
• ?Sermo sancti Augustini de baptismo non iterando (Latin; ed. Hall)

Legal

• Episcopus (Old English)
• The Laws of Edward and Guthrum (Old English)
• ?The Northumbrian Priests' Law (Old English)
• The Canons of Edgar (Old English)
• ?Collectio canonum Wigorniensis (Latin; a.k.a. Excerptiones pseudo-Ecgberhti)

• Ethelred's legislation, 1008, King's Enham (Latin & Old English; survives as VAtr, VIAtr, VIAtrLat, XAtr)
• Að (Old English)
• Mircna laga (Old English)
• Norðleoda laga (Old English)
• Ethelred's legislation, ca. 1009, Bath (Latin, VIIaAtr)
• Hadbot (Old English)

• Geþyncðo (Old English)
• Grið (Old English)
• Ethelred's legislation, 1014 (Old English, VIIIAtr, ?IXAtr)
• Cnut's legislation, 1018 (Old English, Cn 1018)
• Cnut's legislation, 1020 (Old English, Cn 1020)
• Cnut's legislation (secular), ca. 1021 (Old English, ICn)
• Cnut's legislation (ecclesiastical), ca. 1021 (Old English, IICn)

He also made revisions to

• King Athelstan's tithe ordinance (IAs)
• Edmund's London code (IEm)
• Edgar's Andover code (II-IIIEg)

Philosophical

• The Institutes of Polity I (Old English; original version)
• The Institutes of Polity II (Old English; revision)

Poetical

• Qui legis hunc titulum (Latin; verses praising Wulfstan)
• Poem on King Edgar's Succession (Old English; Anglo-Saxon Chronicle E, s.a. 959)
• Poem on King Edward's Succession (Old English; Anglo-Saxon Chronicle D, s.a. 975)