Winchelsea (UK Parliament constituency)
Encyclopedia
Winchelsea was a parliamentary constituency in Sussex
, which elected two Members of Parliament
(MPs) to the House of Commons
from 1366 until 1832, when it was abolished by the Great Reform Act.
, but the difference was purely a nominal one, and it was considered an egregious example of a rotten borough
. The constituency consisted of the town and parish of Winchelsea
, once a market town and port but by the 19th century much reduced in importance, a mile-and-a-half inland with its harbour destroyed. In 1831, the population of the constituency was estimated at 772, and the town contained 148 houses.
of the town, of whom by 1831 there were just 11, even though in theory the custom was that every son of a freeman and every freeholder in the town was entitled to his freedom. With so small a number of voters, bribery was often the rule rather than the exception, though occasionally it became so blatant that the authorities were able to take steps against it. In 1700 an election at Winchelsea was declared void, an agent of one of the candidates arrested for bribery by order of the House of Commons
, and the representation of the borough suspended until the end of the session. At another controversial election in 1712, the Commons committee which investigated was told that voters had been bribed with £30 each to vote for the sitting MPs, and their female connections received additional payments of half a guinea each.
Nor was the expense confined to bribing the voters. Oldfield records that in 1811, with only 11 voters to poll, the Mayor demanded - and received - a fee of £200 for his services as returning officer
. However, he presumably carried out his duties more satisfactorily than his predecessor in 1624, who was "brought to the bar [of the House of Commons], and on his knees severely reprimanded, and sentenced to be committed to prison" for threatening some of the voters and corruptly excluding some others from casting their votes.
Almost as troublesome was the election of 1667, when it was alleged that the Mayor had not taken the sacrament
- being a communicating member of the Church of England
being at that period a requirement for holding civic office - and that therefore the election he had conducted was void. The committee agreed, and proposed a motion that the MP who had been returned was not duly elected, but the whole House voted it down, and the election was allowed to stand. In 1702, again, the Mayor was taken into custody for corrupt practices, and expelled from all his offices in the Customs by resolution of the Commons, against the opposition of government ministers, in whose interests the corruption had been executed.
However, in 1779 Nesbitt died £100,000 in debt, and the Court of Chancery
made a decree to auction his property for the relief of his creditors, but his nephew anticipating this managed to sell the Nesbitt interest in the borough back to the government's supporters (in the person of The Earl of Darlington
) for the very considerable sum of £15,000, shortly before the court's decree came into force. Ministers were free once more to consider both seats at the ministry's disposal. However, Oldfield notes that Nesbitt's power in the borough was one of influence rather than of any direct property in the votes (as might have been the case in a burgage
borough where the right to vote could literally be bought and sold) - and that whatever the bargain between Nesbitt's nephew and Darlington, the voters themselves were not a party to it and had still to be persuaded to co-operate. Therefore what was sold, in effect, was the unhindered right to bribe the voters without interference, the customary price by this time being apparently £100 per vote.
retained one of its two MPs, and Rye's parliamentary boundaries were extended to include Winchelsea from 1832.
Notes
Sussex
Sussex , from the Old English Sūþsēaxe , is an historic county in South East England corresponding roughly in area to the ancient Kingdom of Sussex. It is bounded on the north by Surrey, east by Kent, south by the English Channel, and west by Hampshire, and is divided for local government into West...
, which elected two Members of Parliament
Member of Parliament
A Member of Parliament is a representative of the voters to a :parliament. In many countries with bicameral parliaments, the term applies specifically to members of the lower house, as upper houses often have a different title, such as senate, and thus also have different titles for its members,...
(MPs) to the House of Commons
British House of Commons
The House of Commons is the lower house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, which also comprises the Sovereign and the House of Lords . Both Commons and Lords meet in the Palace of Westminster. The Commons is a democratically elected body, consisting of 650 members , who are known as Members...
from 1366 until 1832, when it was abolished by the Great Reform Act.
Boundaries
Winchelsea was a Cinque Port, which made it technically of different status from a parliamentary boroughParliamentary borough
Parliamentary boroughs are a type of administrative division, usually covering urban areas, that are entitled to representation in a Parliament...
, but the difference was purely a nominal one, and it was considered an egregious example of a rotten borough
Rotten borough
A "rotten", "decayed" or pocket borough was a parliamentary borough or constituency in the United Kingdom that had a very small electorate and could be used by a patron to gain undue and unrepresentative influence within Parliament....
. The constituency consisted of the town and parish of Winchelsea
Winchelsea
Winchelsea is a small village in East Sussex, England, located between the High Weald and the Romney Marsh, approximately two miles south west of Rye and seven miles north east of Hastings...
, once a market town and port but by the 19th century much reduced in importance, a mile-and-a-half inland with its harbour destroyed. In 1831, the population of the constituency was estimated at 772, and the town contained 148 houses.
History of corruption
The right to vote was exercised by the freemenFreedom of the City
Freedom of the City is an honour bestowed by some municipalities in Australia, Canada, Ireland, France, Italy, New Zealand, South Africa, Spain, the United Kingdom, Gibraltar and Rhodesia to esteemed members of its community and to organisations to be honoured, often for service to the community;...
of the town, of whom by 1831 there were just 11, even though in theory the custom was that every son of a freeman and every freeholder in the town was entitled to his freedom. With so small a number of voters, bribery was often the rule rather than the exception, though occasionally it became so blatant that the authorities were able to take steps against it. In 1700 an election at Winchelsea was declared void, an agent of one of the candidates arrested for bribery by order of the House of Commons
British House of Commons
The House of Commons is the lower house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, which also comprises the Sovereign and the House of Lords . Both Commons and Lords meet in the Palace of Westminster. The Commons is a democratically elected body, consisting of 650 members , who are known as Members...
, and the representation of the borough suspended until the end of the session. At another controversial election in 1712, the Commons committee which investigated was told that voters had been bribed with £30 each to vote for the sitting MPs, and their female connections received additional payments of half a guinea each.
Nor was the expense confined to bribing the voters. Oldfield records that in 1811, with only 11 voters to poll, the Mayor demanded - and received - a fee of £200 for his services as returning officer
Returning Officer
In various parliamentary systems, a returning officer is responsible for overseeing elections in one or more constituencies.-Australia:In Australia a returning officer is an employee of the Australian Electoral Commission or a State Electoral Commission who heads the local divisional office...
. However, he presumably carried out his duties more satisfactorily than his predecessor in 1624, who was "brought to the bar [of the House of Commons], and on his knees severely reprimanded, and sentenced to be committed to prison" for threatening some of the voters and corruptly excluding some others from casting their votes.
Almost as troublesome was the election of 1667, when it was alleged that the Mayor had not taken the sacrament
Eucharist
The Eucharist , also called Holy Communion, the Sacrament of the Altar, the Blessed Sacrament, the Lord's Supper, and other names, is a Christian sacrament or ordinance...
- being a communicating member of the Church of England
Church of England
The Church of England is the officially established Christian church in England and the Mother Church of the worldwide Anglican Communion. The church considers itself within the tradition of Western Christianity and dates its formal establishment principally to the mission to England by St...
being at that period a requirement for holding civic office - and that therefore the election he had conducted was void. The committee agreed, and proposed a motion that the MP who had been returned was not duly elected, but the whole House voted it down, and the election was allowed to stand. In 1702, again, the Mayor was taken into custody for corrupt practices, and expelled from all his offices in the Customs by resolution of the Commons, against the opposition of government ministers, in whose interests the corruption had been executed.
Patronage
Winchelsea affords an unusual instance of a sitting MP wresting control of a pocket borough from its "patrons", so as to be able to be sure of securing re-election on his own account. In the first half of the 18th century, Winchelsea was a "treasury borough", that is one where the influence of the government was so strong that ministers were able to consider themselves the patrons and be sure of the power to choose both MPs. In 1754, however, one of the government candidates was an Irishman named Arnold Nesbitt. Once elected, Nesbitt began to buy houses in Winchelsea so as to secure influence over the freemen, and was so far successful that by the time of the next election it was accepted that he had the absolute command of one of the seats; indeed, when he stood well with the Treasury he was also allowed to nominate for both. For the rest of his life he successfully defended his control of Winchelsea from the free-spending of the Treasury's agents; on one occasion, it appears that the town clerk was directing the government campaign and finding himself needing more funds for the purpose than had been provided pawned the town's charters and civic regalia.However, in 1779 Nesbitt died £100,000 in debt, and the Court of Chancery
Court of Chancery
The Court of Chancery was a court of equity in England and Wales that followed a set of loose rules to avoid the slow pace of change and possible harshness of the common law. The Chancery had jurisdiction over all matters of equity, including trusts, land law, the administration of the estates of...
made a decree to auction his property for the relief of his creditors, but his nephew anticipating this managed to sell the Nesbitt interest in the borough back to the government's supporters (in the person of The Earl of Darlington
Henry Vane, 2nd Earl of Darlington
Henry Vane, 2nd Earl of Darlington was a British peer, the son of the 1st Earl of Darlington.He married Margaret Lowther, a daughter of Robert Lowther, the Governor of Barbados, on 19 March 1757 in London. They had three children:*Lady Grace Vane Henry Vane, 2nd Earl of Darlington (1726 – 8...
) for the very considerable sum of £15,000, shortly before the court's decree came into force. Ministers were free once more to consider both seats at the ministry's disposal. However, Oldfield notes that Nesbitt's power in the borough was one of influence rather than of any direct property in the votes (as might have been the case in a burgage
Burgage
Burgage is a medieval land term used in England and Scotland, well established by the 13th century. A burgage was a town rental property , owned by a king or lord. The property usually, and distinctly, consisted of a house on a long and narrow plot of land, with the narrow end facing the street...
borough where the right to vote could literally be bought and sold) - and that whatever the bargain between Nesbitt's nephew and Darlington, the voters themselves were not a party to it and had still to be persuaded to co-operate. Therefore what was sold, in effect, was the unhindered right to bribe the voters without interference, the customary price by this time being apparently £100 per vote.
Abolition
Winchelsea was abolished as a separate constituency by the Reform Act, but the nearby Cinque Port of RyeRye (UK Parliament constituency)
Rye was a parliamentary constituency centred on the town of Rye in East Sussex. It returned two Members of Parliament to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom until its representation was halved under the Reform Act 1832....
retained one of its two MPs, and Rye's parliamentary boundaries were extended to include Winchelsea from 1832.
1366-1640
| Parliament | First Member | Second Member |
|---|---|---|
| 1386 | William Skele I | John Pulham |
| 1388 (Feb) | William Skele I | John Pulham or Robert Harry I |
| 1388 (Sep) | Henry Sely | Matthew Goldyve |
| 1390 (Jan) | William Skele I | Roger Dover |
| 1390 (Nov) | ||
| 1391 | William Skele I | Vincent Ewell |
| 1393 | Robert Arnold | Thomas Bette |
| 1394 | ||
| 1395 | Vincent Fynch I | William Skele II |
| 1397 (Jan) | Vincent Fynch I | John Helde |
| 1397 (Sep) | ||
| 1399 | Roger atte Gate | William Skele II |
| 1401 | ||
| 1402 | Vincent Fynch I | John Salerne II |
| 1404 (Jan) | ||
| 1404 (Oct) | ||
| 1406 | Vincent Fynch II | John Worton |
| 1407 | John Salerne II | Robert Fishlake |
| 1410 | Roger atte Gate | John Tunstall |
| 1411 | ||
| 1413 (Feb) | ||
| 1413 (May) | Roger atte Gate | Thomas Young II |
| 1414 (Apr) | ||
| 1414 (Nov) | Roger atte Gate | William Catton |
| 1415 | ||
| 1416 (Mar) | ||
| 1416 (Oct) | ||
| 1417 | John French | William Catton |
| 1419 | John French | John Tamworth |
| 1420 | Edward Hopyere | Roger atte Gate |
| 1421 (May) | Thomas Thunder | William Catton |
| 1421 (Dec) | Alexander Beuley | Roger atte Gate |
| 1449-1450 | John Greenford | |
| 1495 | Richard Barkeley | |
| 1497 | Richard Barkeley | |
| 1510 | Thomas Ashburnham | Robert Sparrow |
| 1512 | ?John Ashburnham I | ?Robert Sparrow |
| 1515 | ?John Ashburnham I | ?Robert Sparrow |
| 1523 | Thomas Ashburnham | Robert Sparrow |
| 1529 | Thomas Ensing | George Lowys |
| 1536 | ?Thomas Ensing | ?George Lowys |
| 1539 | not known | |
| 1542 | John Bell | Philip Chute |
| 1545 | Philip Chute | Thomas Hynxstend |
| 1547 | John Rowland | John More |
| 1553 (Mar) | William Egleston | Michael Blount |
| 1553 (Oct) | Sir Henry Crispe | William Roper |
| 1554 (Apr) | Cyriak Petyt | Joseph Beverleey |
| 1554 (Nov) | William Egleston | John Cheyne II |
| 1555 | Thomas Smith | John Peyton |
| 1558 | Sir George Howard | John Fowler |
| 1559 | Goddard White | Henry Fane I |
| 1562/3 | Richard Chambers | Henry Fane I |
| 1566 | Henry Brooke alias Cobham replaced ?Chambers, ?deceased | |
| 1571 | Thomas Wilford | Robert Eyre |
| 1572 | Thomas Wilford | Richard Barry |
| 1584 | Giles Fletcher | Herbert Pelham |
| 1586 | Adam Moyle | Thomas Egleston |
| 1588/9 | Adam Moyle | Herbert Morley |
| 1593 | Adam Ashburnham | Ashburnham Pecke |
| 1597 | Ralph Ewens | Thomas Colepeper |
| 1601 | Moyle Finch Sir Moyle Finch, 1st Baronet Sir Moyle Finch, 1st Baronet was an English politician.He was the eldest surviving son of Sir Thomas Finch of Eastwell, Kent and the brother of Henry Finch.... |
Hugh Beeston |
| 1604 | Adam White | Thomas Unton |
| 1614 | William Binge | Thomas Godfrey |
| 1621 | Thomas Finch Thomas Finch, 2nd Earl of Winchilsea Thomas Finch, 2nd Earl of Winchilsea was an English peer and Member of Parliament.Finch was the son of Sir Moyle Finch, 1st Baronet and Elizabeth Heneage, 1st Countess of Winchilsea... |
Edward Nicholas Edward Nicholas Sir Edward Nicholas was an English statesman.-Life:He was the eldest son of John Nicholas, a member of an old Wiltshire family.He was educated at Salisbury grammar school, Winchester College and Queen's College, Oxford... |
| 1624 | John Finch John Finch (MP for Winchelsea) John Finch was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1624 and 1642.Finch was probably the son of Thomas Finch, 2nd Earl of Winchilsea and his wife Cecile Wentworth.... |
Edward Nicholas Edward Nicholas Sir Edward Nicholas was an English statesman.-Life:He was the eldest son of John Nicholas, a member of an old Wiltshire family.He was educated at Salisbury grammar school, Winchester College and Queen's College, Oxford... |
| 1625 | Roger Twysden Sir Roger Twysden, 2nd Baronet Sir Roger Twysden, 2nd Baronet , of Roydon Hall in Kent, was an English historian and politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1625 and 1640.-Life:... |
?one seat only |
| 1626 | Roger Twysden Sir Roger Twysden, 2nd Baronet Sir Roger Twysden, 2nd Baronet , of Roydon Hall in Kent, was an English historian and politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1625 and 1640.-Life:... |
?one seat only |
| 1628 | Sir William Twysden Sir William Twysden, 1st Baronet Sir William Twysden, 1st Baronet was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1593 and 1628.... |
Sir Ralph Freeman |
| 1629–1640 | No parliaments summoned | |
MPs 1640–1832
| Year | First member | First party | Second member | Second party | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| April 1640 Short Parliament The Short Parliament was a Parliament of England that sat from 13 April to 5 May 1640 during the reign of King Charles I of England, so called because it lasted only three weeks.... |
Nicholas Crisp | Royalist | John Finch John Finch (MP for Winchelsea) John Finch was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1624 and 1642.Finch was probably the son of Thomas Finch, 2nd Earl of Winchilsea and his wife Cecile Wentworth.... |
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| November 1640 Long Parliament The Long Parliament was made on 3 November 1640, following the Bishops' Wars. It received its name from the fact that through an Act of Parliament, it could only be dissolved with the agreement of the members, and those members did not agree to its dissolution until after the English Civil War and... |
John Finch John Finch (MP for Winchelsea) John Finch was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1624 and 1642.Finch was probably the son of Thomas Finch, 2nd Earl of Winchilsea and his wife Cecile Wentworth.... |
Parliamentarian | ||||
| 1641 | William Smith | Royalist | ||||
| September 1642 | Finch died - seat left vacant | |||||
| January 1644 | Smith disabled from sitting - seat vacant | |||||
| 1645 | Henry Oxenden Sir Henry Oxenden, 1st Baronet Sir Henry Oxenden, 1st Baronet was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons variously between 1645 and 1660.Oxenden was the son of Sir James Oxenden and his wife Margart Nevinson, daughter of Thomas Nevinson of Estry, Kent... |
Samuel Gott Samuel Gott Samuel Gott was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons of England between 1645 and 1648 and between 1660 and 1661.... |
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| December 1648 | Oxenden and Gott excluded in Pride's Purge Pride's Purge Pride’s Purge is an event in December 1648, during the Second English Civil War, when troops under the command of Colonel Thomas Pride forcibly removed from the Long Parliament all those who were not supporters of the Grandees in the New Model Army and the Independents... - both seats vacant |
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| 1653 | Winchelsea was unrepresented in the Barebones Parliament Barebones Parliament Barebone's Parliament, also known as the Little Parliament, the Nominated Assembly and the Parliament of Saints, came into being on 4 July 1653, and was the last attempt of the English Commonwealth to find a stable political form before the installation of Oliver Cromwell as Lord Protector... and the First First Protectorate Parliament The First Protectorate Parliament was summoned by the Lord Protector Oliver Cromwell under the terms of the Instrument of Government. It sat for one term from 3 September 1654 until 22 January 1655 with William Lenthall as the Speaker of the House.... and Second Second Protectorate Parliament The Second Protectorate Parliament in England sat for two sessions from 17 September 1656 until 4 February 1658, with Thomas Widdrington as the Speaker of the House of Commons... Parliaments of the Protectorate |
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| January 1659 Third Protectorate Parliament The Third Protectorate Parliament sat for one session, from 27 January 1659 until 22 April 1659, with Chaloner Chute and Thomas Bampfylde as the Speakers of the House of Commons... |
John Busbridge | Robert Fowle | ||||
| May 1659 Rump Parliament The Rump Parliament is the name of the English Parliament after Colonel Pride purged the Long Parliament on 6 December 1648 of those members hostile to the Grandees' intention to try King Charles I for high treason.... |
Not represented in the restored Rump Rump Parliament The Rump Parliament is the name of the English Parliament after Colonel Pride purged the Long Parliament on 6 December 1648 of those members hostile to the Grandees' intention to try King Charles I for high treason.... |
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| April 1660 | William Howard William Howard, 3rd Baron Howard of Escrick William Howard, 3rd Baron Howard of Escrick was an English Parliamentarian soldier, nobleman, and plotter.-Life:He was the second son of Edward Howard, 1st Baron Howard of Escrick. He matriculated at Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, in 1646, and was then admitted to Lincoln's Inn... |
Samuel Gott Samuel Gott Samuel Gott was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons of England between 1645 and 1648 and between 1660 and 1661.... |
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| 1661 | Sir Nicholas Crisp | Francis Finch Francis Finch (MP for Winchelsea) Francis Finch was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons of England from 1661 to 1677.Finch was a Member of Parliament for Winchelsea in the Cavalier Parliament from 1661 until his death in 1677.-References:... |
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| 1666 | Robert Austen | |||||
| February 1678 | Sir John Banks | |||||
| March 1678 | Cresheld Draper Cresheld Draper Cresheld Draper was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1678 to 1689.Draper was the son of William Draper of May Place Crayford and his wife Mary Cresheld daughter of Richard Cresheld, sergeant at law... |
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| 1681 | Sir Stephen Lennard Sir Stephen Lennard, 2nd Baronet Sir Stephen Lennard, 2nd Baronet was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons of England in two periods between 1681 and 1701 and in the House of Commons of Great Britain from 1708 to 1710.... |
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| 1685 | The Earl of Middleton Charles Middleton, 2nd Earl of Middleton Charles Middleton, 2nd Earl of Middleton, Jacobite 1st Earl of Monmouth, PC was a Scottish and English politician who held several offices under Charles II and James II & VI... |
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| 1689 | Robert Austen | Samuel Western Samuel Western Samuel Western was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1689 to 1698.Western was the son of Thomas Western of Rivenhall Essex and his wife Martha Gott daughter of Samuel Gott. His father was a merchant and councillor of the city of London who had considerable interests in... |
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| 1696 | Sir George Chute Sir George Chute, 1st Baronet Sir George Chute, 1st Baronet , of Hinxhill Place, Kent, was an English politician. He was a Member of Parliament for Winchelsea from 1696 to 1698.... |
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| 1698 | John Hayes | Robert Bristow | ||||
| January 1701 | Thomas Newport Thomas Newport, 1st Baron Torrington Thomas Newport, 1st Baron Torrington PC , styled The Honourable from 1675 until 1716, was an English peer, barrister and Whig politician.-Background:... |
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| November 1701 | John Hayes | Robert Austen | ||||
| 1702 | George Clarke George Clarke George Clarke , the son of Sir William Clarke, enrolled at Brasenose College, Oxford in 1676. He was elected a Fellow of All Souls College, Oxford in 1680. He became Judge Advocate to the Army and was William III of England's Secretary at War from 1690 to 1704... |
James Hayes James Hayes (b. 1676) James Hayes was an English politician. He was a Member of Parliament for Winchelsea from 1702 to 1708.He died aged 55.-References:... |
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| 1705 | George Dodington | |||||
| May 1708 | Sir Francis Dashwood Sir Francis Dashwood, 1st Baronet Sir Francis Dashwood, 1st Baronet was a British merchant.A son of Francis Dashwood, Alderman of London, he and his brother Samuel Dashwood early joined their father's business and became leading silk importers. They were also members of the British East India Company and the Worshipful Company of... |
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| December 1708 | Robert Bristow | |||||
| 1713 | George Dodington | |||||
| 1715 | George Bubb George Dodington, 1st Baron Melcombe George Bubb Dodington, 1st Baron Melcombe PC was an English politician and nobleman.Christened simply George Bubb, he acquired the surname Dodington around the time his uncle George Dodington died in 1720 and left him his estate... |
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| 1722 | Thomas Townshend Thomas Townshend (MP) The Honourable Thomas Townshend was a long-standing British Member of Parliament.Townshend was the second son of Charles Townshend, 2nd Viscount Townshend, from his first marriage to the Hon. Elizabeth Pelham... |
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| 1727 | John Scrope John Scrope John Scrope was a British lawyer and politician.He was the son of Thomas Scrope, a Bristol merchant, the third son and ultimate heir of Colonel Adrian Scrope of Wormsley in Oxfordshire, hung drawn and quartered after the restoration as one of the regicides of Charles I.Scrope was educated at the... |
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| February 1728 | Sir Archer Croft Sir Archer Croft, 2nd Baronet Sir Archer Croft, 2nd Baronet was the eldest son of Sir Herbert Croft, 1st Baronet and his wife Elizabeth daughter of Thomas Archer. He served as Member of Parliament for Leominster from 1722 to 1727; for Winchelsea in 1728; and for Bere Alston from 1728 to 1734.... |
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| April 1728 | Peter Walter | |||||
| 1734 | Edmund Hungate Beaghan | |||||
| 1738 | Robert Bristow | |||||
| 1741 | The Viscount Doneraile | Thomas Orby Hunter | ||||
| 1747 | Lieutenant Colonel John Mordaunt John Mordaunt (MP) The Honourable John Mordaunt , was a British soldier and politician.Mordaunt was the second son of John Mordaunt, Viscount Mordaunt and Frances Powlett. He was a cornet in the Royal Horse Guards from 1726 to 1736. He married Hon. Mary Howe , the daughter of Scrope Howe, 1st Viscount Howe, in... |
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| 1754 | Arnold Nesbitt | |||||
| 1759 | Lieutenant Colonel George Gray | |||||
| 1760 | Thomas Orby Hunter | |||||
| March 1761 | The Earl of Thomond Percy Wyndham-O'Brien, 1st Earl of Thomond Percy Wyndham-O'Brien, 1st Earl of Thomond was a British Member of Parliament, Irish peer and the younger son of Tory statesman Sir William Wyndham and brother to Sir Charles Wyndham, 2nd Earl of Egremont.... |
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| December 1761 | (Sir) Thomas Sewell Thomas Sewell Sir Thomas Sewell was an English judge and Member of Parliament, and Master of the Rolls from 1764 to 1784.Sewell was a member of Middle Temple, called to the bar in 1734, and practised in the Chancery courts. He became a bencher of his inn and King's Counsel in 1754, and Treasurer of the Inn in... |
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| 1768 | The Earl of Thomond Percy Wyndham-O'Brien, 1st Earl of Thomond Percy Wyndham-O'Brien, 1st Earl of Thomond was a British Member of Parliament, Irish peer and the younger son of Tory statesman Sir William Wyndham and brother to Sir Charles Wyndham, 2nd Earl of Egremont.... |
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| 1770 | Arnold Nesbitt | |||||
| August 1774 | William Nedham | |||||
| October 1774 | Charles Wolfran Cornwall Charles Wolfran Cornwall Charles Wolfran Cornwall was a British politician.In 1768, he was returned as MP for Grampound. He was created a Privy Councillor in 1780.... |
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| 1775 | William Nedham | |||||
| 1780 | John Nesbitt | |||||
| 1784 | William Nedham | |||||
| 1790 | Viscount Barnard William Vane, 1st Duke of Cleveland William Henry Vane, 1st Duke of Cleveland, KG was a British peer.He was born in 1766, the son of the 2nd Earl of Darlington, and was baptised at the Chapel Royal at St James's Palace... |
Richard Barwell Richard Barwell Richard Barwell was an Anglo-Indian writer and politician.Barwell was the son of William Barwell, governor of Bengal in 1748, and afterwards a director of the East India Company, and Sheriff of Surrey in 1768... |
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| 1792 | Sir Frederick Fletcher-Vane | |||||
| 1794 | John Hiley Addington John Hiley Addington John Hiley Addington was a British Tory Party politician.-Background and education:Addington was the second son of Anthony Addington and his wife Mary, daughter of Haviland John Hiley. His older brother was Henry Addington, who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom and under whose... |
Tory | ||||
| May 1796 | William Currie William Currie (British politician) William Currie, , was a land owner, distiller, banker and Member of Parliament for Gatton and Winchelsea.On his father's death in 1781, he inherited his father's 75% interest in the distilling partnership his father had started with Nathaniel Byles... |
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| December 1796 | William Devaynes | |||||
| 1802 | Robert Ladbroke | Whig British Whig Party The Whigs were a party in the Parliament of England, Parliament of Great Britain, and Parliament of the United Kingdom, who contested power with the rival Tories from the 1680s to the 1850s. The Whigs' origin lay in constitutional monarchism and opposition to absolute rule... |
William Moffat | Whig British Whig Party The Whigs were a party in the Parliament of England, Parliament of Great Britain, and Parliament of the United Kingdom, who contested power with the rival Tories from the 1680s to the 1850s. The Whigs' origin lay in constitutional monarchism and opposition to absolute rule... |
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| 1806 | Sir Frederick Fletcher-Vane | Whig British Whig Party The Whigs were a party in the Parliament of England, Parliament of Great Britain, and Parliament of the United Kingdom, who contested power with the rival Tories from the 1680s to the 1850s. The Whigs' origin lay in constitutional monarchism and opposition to absolute rule... |
Calverley Bewicke Calverley Bewicke Calvery Bewicke was a commander of the Durham Militia and an MP for Winchelsea.-Sources:*... |
Whig British Whig Party The Whigs were a party in the Parliament of England, Parliament of Great Britain, and Parliament of the United Kingdom, who contested power with the rival Tories from the 1680s to the 1850s. The Whigs' origin lay in constitutional monarchism and opposition to absolute rule... |
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| 1807 | Sir Oswald Mosley | Whig British Whig Party The Whigs were a party in the Parliament of England, Parliament of Great Britain, and Parliament of the United Kingdom, who contested power with the rival Tories from the 1680s to the 1850s. The Whigs' origin lay in constitutional monarchism and opposition to absolute rule... |
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| 1812 | William Vane William Vane, 3rd Duke of Cleveland William John Frederick Vane, 3rd Duke of Cleveland , styled The Hon. William Vane from 1792 to 1813, The Hon... |
Whig British Whig Party The Whigs were a party in the Parliament of England, Parliament of Great Britain, and Parliament of the United Kingdom, who contested power with the rival Tories from the 1680s to the 1850s. The Whigs' origin lay in constitutional monarchism and opposition to absolute rule... |
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| 1815 | Henry Brougham Henry Brougham, 1st Baron Brougham and Vaux Henry Peter Brougham, 1st Baron Brougham and Vaux was a British statesman who became Lord Chancellor of Great Britain.As a young lawyer in Scotland Brougham helped to found the Edinburgh Review in 1802 and contributed many articles to it. He went to London, and was called to the English bar in... |
Whig British Whig Party The Whigs were a party in the Parliament of England, Parliament of Great Britain, and Parliament of the United Kingdom, who contested power with the rival Tories from the 1680s to the 1850s. The Whigs' origin lay in constitutional monarchism and opposition to absolute rule... |
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| 1816 | Viscount Barnard Henry Vane, 2nd Duke of Cleveland General Henry Vane, 2nd Duke of Cleveland, KG was a British peer, politician and army officer.Born The Honourable Henry Vane, he was the eldest son of William Vane, Viscount Barnard and his first wife, Katherine, the second daughter of Harry Powlett, 6th Duke of Bolton... |
Whig British Whig Party The Whigs were a party in the Parliament of England, Parliament of Great Britain, and Parliament of the United Kingdom, who contested power with the rival Tories from the 1680s to the 1850s. The Whigs' origin lay in constitutional monarchism and opposition to absolute rule... |
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| 1818 | George Galway Mills | Whig British Whig Party The Whigs were a party in the Parliament of England, Parliament of Great Britain, and Parliament of the United Kingdom, who contested power with the rival Tories from the 1680s to the 1850s. The Whigs' origin lay in constitutional monarchism and opposition to absolute rule... |
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| 1820 | Lucius Concannon | Whig British Whig Party The Whigs were a party in the Parliament of England, Parliament of Great Britain, and Parliament of the United Kingdom, who contested power with the rival Tories from the 1680s to the 1850s. The Whigs' origin lay in constitutional monarchism and opposition to absolute rule... |
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| 1823 | William Leader | Whig British Whig Party The Whigs were a party in the Parliament of England, Parliament of Great Britain, and Parliament of the United Kingdom, who contested power with the rival Tories from the 1680s to the 1850s. The Whigs' origin lay in constitutional monarchism and opposition to absolute rule... |
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| 1826 | Viscount Howick Henry Grey, 3rd Earl Grey Henry George Grey, 3rd Earl Grey , known as Viscount Howick from 1807 until 1845, was an English statesman.-Background:Grey was the eldest son of Prime Minister Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey, by his wife the Hon... |
Whig British Whig Party The Whigs were a party in the Parliament of England, Parliament of Great Britain, and Parliament of the United Kingdom, who contested power with the rival Tories from the 1680s to the 1850s. The Whigs' origin lay in constitutional monarchism and opposition to absolute rule... |
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| February 1830 | John Williams | Whig British Whig Party The Whigs were a party in the Parliament of England, Parliament of Great Britain, and Parliament of the United Kingdom, who contested power with the rival Tories from the 1680s to the 1850s. The Whigs' origin lay in constitutional monarchism and opposition to absolute rule... |
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| July 1830 | Henry Dundas Henry Dundas, 3rd Viscount Melville Henry Dundas, 3rd Viscount Melville GCB was a British military leader.- Military career :The eldest son of Robert Dundas, 2nd Viscount Melville, he was captain of the 83rd Regiment from 1824, and was active in suppressing the Canadian rebellion in 1837... |
Tory | ||||
| April 1831 | Stephen Lushington Stephen Lushington (judge) Stephen Lushington was a Doctor of Civil Law, a judge, a Member of Parliament and a radical for the abolition of slavery and capital punishment.-Early life and education:... |
Whig British Whig Party The Whigs were a party in the Parliament of England, Parliament of Great Britain, and Parliament of the United Kingdom, who contested power with the rival Tories from the 1680s to the 1850s. The Whigs' origin lay in constitutional monarchism and opposition to absolute rule... |
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| July 1831 | James Brougham James Brougham James Brougham was a British Whig politician.-Background:Brougham was the second son of Henry Brougham and his wife Eleanor. She was the daughter of James Syme and the niece of William Robertson... |
Whig British Whig Party The Whigs were a party in the Parliament of England, Parliament of Great Britain, and Parliament of the United Kingdom, who contested power with the rival Tories from the 1680s to the 1850s. The Whigs' origin lay in constitutional monarchism and opposition to absolute rule... |
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| 1832 United Kingdom general election, 1832 -Seats summary:-Parties and leaders at the general election:The Earl Grey had been Prime Minister since 22 November 1830. His was the first predominantly Whig administration since the Ministry of all the Talents in 1806-1807.... |
Constituency abolished | |||||
Notes