William Cramer (pathologist)
Encyclopedia
William Cramer was a German
-born British
pathologist, best known for his work with the Imperial Cancer Research Fund.
at the University of Berlin in 1901. He achieved his D.Sc. at the University of Edinburgh
in 1908, during which time he had worked under Swale Vincent
. Cramer took the English Conjoint
qualification after nine years as a chemical physiology lecturer at Edinburgh. He had worked briefly for the Imperial Cancer Research Fund in 1904; he rejoined the organisation in 1914.
Shortly after the outbreak of World War I
, Cramer became a naturalised British citizen. He was elected a Foreign Member of the German Society for the Investigation of Cancer. In 1933, he was an official British delegate at the International Cancer Congress
in Madrid
, and again in 1934 at the International Cancer Research conference in Paris
. In 1939, after 25 years with the Imperial Cancer Research Fund, Cramer relocated to St. Louis, Missouri
, where he was head pathologist at the Barnard Skin and Cancer Hospital, and a research associate at Washington University.
Throughout his career, Cramer authored numerous papers on cancer, physiology, and biochemistry. His textbook, Practical Course in Chemical Physiology, had reached its fourth edition by 1920. Cramer belonged to the Physiological Society, the Pathological Society
, and the Biochemical Society
.
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
-born British
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
pathologist, best known for his work with the Imperial Cancer Research Fund.
Biography
William Cramer was born in Germany on 2 June 1878. He received his first tertiary education at the University of Munich, and received his Ph.D.Ph.D.
A Ph.D. is a Doctor of Philosophy, an academic degree.Ph.D. may also refer to:* Ph.D. , a 1980s British group*Piled Higher and Deeper, a web comic strip*PhD: Phantasy Degree, a Korean comic series* PhD Docbook renderer, an XML renderer...
at the University of Berlin in 1901. He achieved his D.Sc. at the University of Edinburgh
University of Edinburgh
The University of Edinburgh, founded in 1583, is a public research university located in Edinburgh, the capital of Scotland, and a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The university is deeply embedded in the fabric of the city, with many of the buildings in the historic Old Town belonging to the university...
in 1908, during which time he had worked under Swale Vincent
Swale Vincent
Thomas Swale Vincent was a British physiologist.-Early years:Thomas Swale Vincent was the son of J. Vincent and Margaret Swale. He was educated at King Edward VI Grammar School in Birmingham, and subsequently studied at Mason College...
. Cramer took the English Conjoint
Conjoint
The conjoint was a basic medical qualification in the United Kingdom administered by the United Examining Board. It is now no longer awarded. The Conjoint Board was superseded in 1994 by the United Examining Board, which lost its permission to hold qualifying medical examinations after 1999.Medical...
qualification after nine years as a chemical physiology lecturer at Edinburgh. He had worked briefly for the Imperial Cancer Research Fund in 1904; he rejoined the organisation in 1914.
Shortly after the outbreak of World War I
World War I
World War I , which was predominantly called the World War or the Great War from its occurrence until 1939, and the First World War or World War I thereafter, was a major war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918...
, Cramer became a naturalised British citizen. He was elected a Foreign Member of the German Society for the Investigation of Cancer. In 1933, he was an official British delegate at the International Cancer Congress
International Union Against Cancer
The International Union Against Cancer, or UICC is the only non-governmental organization dedicated exclusively to the global control of cancer. Its vision is of a world where cancer is eliminated as a major life-threatening disease for future generations...
in Madrid
Madrid
Madrid is the capital and largest city of Spain. The population of the city is roughly 3.3 million and the entire population of the Madrid metropolitan area is calculated to be 6.271 million. It is the third largest city in the European Union, after London and Berlin, and its metropolitan...
, and again in 1934 at the International Cancer Research conference in Paris
Paris
Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...
. In 1939, after 25 years with the Imperial Cancer Research Fund, Cramer relocated to St. Louis, Missouri
St. Louis, Missouri
St. Louis is an independent city on the eastern border of Missouri, United States. With a population of 319,294, it was the 58th-largest U.S. city at the 2010 U.S. Census. The Greater St...
, where he was head pathologist at the Barnard Skin and Cancer Hospital, and a research associate at Washington University.
Throughout his career, Cramer authored numerous papers on cancer, physiology, and biochemistry. His textbook, Practical Course in Chemical Physiology, had reached its fourth edition by 1920. Cramer belonged to the Physiological Society, the Pathological Society
Pathological society
The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland is a professional organisation whose mission is stated as 'understanding disease'.- Membership and Profile :...
, and the Biochemical Society
Biochemical Society
The Biochemical Society is a learned society in the United Kingdom in the field of biochemistry, including all the cellular and molecular biosciences.-Structure:...
.