Washington Park Zoo
Encyclopedia
The Washington Park Zoo is a zoo
located in Michigan City, Indiana
, which covers 15 acres (60,702.9 m²) on a hilly sand dune close to the southeastern tip of Lake Michigan.
The zoo exhibits more than 220 animals of 90 species originating throughout the world. Under the zoo's new assessment and initiatives plan, the zoo is being modernized so animals are exhibited in natural settings, surrounded by botanical plantings. Among the exhibits are Grizzly Bear
s and Bengal Tiger
s. The Education Center houses animal skulls, skins and educational animals. The Rotary Castle building exhibits cold-blooded
creatures including lizards, snakes, and frogs. The Winged Wonders has a walk through aviary
. The Farm exhibits miniature domestic horses, donkeys, pigs, and goats which may be fed by guests. The zoo is on the Lake in Washington Park.
New for the 2007 season, the zoo open a new North American river otter exhibit with two females and one male otter.
The zoo was moved to its current location in the sand dunes overlooking the lake, and the zoo board began building new exhibits using only "scrounged" and donated materials. With the advent of the Federal Emergency Relief Administration
(FERA), that Civil Works Administration
(CWA), and later the Works Progress Administration
(WPA), the zoo was completely redesigned. It is believed to be the only zoo in Indiana completely designed and landscaped by these agencies, with the WPA supplying labor as long as the zoo board could find the materials. Eleven buildings in the zoo are on the National Register of Historic Places
.
Monkey island was completed in 1934. This was an island with surrounding moat, a high exterior wall, and and access tunnel for the animals from their indoor enclosures. An observation tower east of the zoo that overlooks the lake, and the "castle" that houses small mammals followed by 1937. The observation tower is topped with an ornament that is reported to be the compression chamber from the city's first fire engine.
A new feline house was constructed in 1977 using artificial artwork to create more naturalistic surroundings for the animals. A new elephant house opened in 1978, and housed the zoo's elephants until 1990, when a decision was made to stop exhibiting them, and the building was converted into an education facility. The three elephants resident at that time were relocated to the North Carolina Zoo
, Have Trunk Will Travel, and the Riddles Elephant and Wildlife Sanctuary.
In the first decade of the third millenium, the zoo opened a new main entrance (2004), opened a new gift shop and initiated repairs on the observation tower and the walk-through aviary (2005), opened the North American Carnivore exhibit with grizzly bears, mountain lion, and river otters (2007), and opened the Australian Avian Adventure exhibit 2009) where visitors can feed parakeets and cockatiels.
Starting in 1994, many of the existing flower beds were replanted or redesigned, while other areas of the zoo have been replanted to attract native birds and insects, or to provide dietary enrichment for the animals.
Zoo
A zoological garden, zoological park, menagerie, or zoo is a facility in which animals are confined within enclosures, displayed to the public, and in which they may also be bred....
located in Michigan City, Indiana
Michigan City, Indiana
Michigan City's origins date to 1830, when the land for the city was first purchased by Isaac C. Elston. Elston Middle School, formerly Elston High School, located at 317 Detroit St., is named after the founder....
, which covers 15 acres (60,702.9 m²) on a hilly sand dune close to the southeastern tip of Lake Michigan.
The zoo exhibits more than 220 animals of 90 species originating throughout the world. Under the zoo's new assessment and initiatives plan, the zoo is being modernized so animals are exhibited in natural settings, surrounded by botanical plantings. Among the exhibits are Grizzly Bear
Grizzly Bear
The grizzly bear , also known as the silvertip bear, the grizzly, or the North American brown bear, is a subspecies of brown bear that generally lives in the uplands of western North America...
s and Bengal Tiger
Bengal Tiger
The Bengal tiger is a tiger subspecies native to the Indian subcontinent that in 2010 has been classified as endangered by IUCN...
s. The Education Center houses animal skulls, skins and educational animals. The Rotary Castle building exhibits cold-blooded
Poikilotherm
A poikilotherm is an organism whose internal temperature varies considerably. It is the opposite of a homeotherm, an organism which maintains thermal homeostasis. Usually the variation is a consequence of variation in the ambient environmental temperature...
creatures including lizards, snakes, and frogs. The Winged Wonders has a walk through aviary
Aviary
An aviary is a large enclosure for confining birds. Unlike cages, aviaries allow birds a larger living space where they can fly; hence, aviaries are also sometimes known as flight cages...
. The Farm exhibits miniature domestic horses, donkeys, pigs, and goats which may be fed by guests. The zoo is on the Lake in Washington Park.
New for the 2007 season, the zoo open a new North American river otter exhibit with two females and one male otter.
History
In 1925 a retired animal trainer moved his brown bear "Jake" to the Washington Park lake front in the hopes that the bear would get more visitors in the park and not be so isolated. Some additional animals and birds were brought to the park by the fire department, which at the time occasionally sheltered abandoned exotic animals, and the city had the beginnings of a zoo. Planning for a zoo board started in 1927, and the first board was appointed by City Manager Albert R. Couden in 1928. Hopes were that the zoo would provide recreation and education not only for residents of Michigan City, but also to the thousands who spent their summers at nearby resorts.The zoo was moved to its current location in the sand dunes overlooking the lake, and the zoo board began building new exhibits using only "scrounged" and donated materials. With the advent of the Federal Emergency Relief Administration
Federal Emergency Relief Administration
Federal Emergency Relief Administration was the new name given by the Roosevelt Administration to the Emergency Relief Administration which President Herbert Hoover had created in 1932...
(FERA), that Civil Works Administration
Civil Works Administration
The Civil Works Administration was established by the New Deal during the Great Depression to create manual labor jobs for millions of unemployed. The jobs were merely temporary, for the duration of the hard winter. Harry L. Hopkins was put in charge of the organization. President Franklin D...
(CWA), and later the Works Progress Administration
Works Progress Administration
The Works Progress Administration was the largest and most ambitious New Deal agency, employing millions of unskilled workers to carry out public works projects, including the construction of public buildings and roads, and operated large arts, drama, media, and literacy projects...
(WPA), the zoo was completely redesigned. It is believed to be the only zoo in Indiana completely designed and landscaped by these agencies, with the WPA supplying labor as long as the zoo board could find the materials. Eleven buildings in the zoo are on the National Register of Historic Places
National Register of Historic Places
The National Register of Historic Places is the United States government's official list of districts, sites, buildings, structures, and objects deemed worthy of preservation...
.
Monkey island was completed in 1934. This was an island with surrounding moat, a high exterior wall, and and access tunnel for the animals from their indoor enclosures. An observation tower east of the zoo that overlooks the lake, and the "castle" that houses small mammals followed by 1937. The observation tower is topped with an ornament that is reported to be the compression chamber from the city's first fire engine.
A new feline house was constructed in 1977 using artificial artwork to create more naturalistic surroundings for the animals. A new elephant house opened in 1978, and housed the zoo's elephants until 1990, when a decision was made to stop exhibiting them, and the building was converted into an education facility. The three elephants resident at that time were relocated to the North Carolina Zoo
North Carolina Zoo
The North Carolina Zoo is located in Asheboro in Randolph County, North Carolina in the Uwharrie Mountains near the geographic center of the state, approximately west of Raleigh, NC, United States. At , it is the largest "walk-through" natural-habitat zoo in the world, the first in the United...
, Have Trunk Will Travel, and the Riddles Elephant and Wildlife Sanctuary.
In the first decade of the third millenium, the zoo opened a new main entrance (2004), opened a new gift shop and initiated repairs on the observation tower and the walk-through aviary (2005), opened the North American Carnivore exhibit with grizzly bears, mountain lion, and river otters (2007), and opened the Australian Avian Adventure exhibit 2009) where visitors can feed parakeets and cockatiels.
Animals
The Zoo generally houses about 250 animals representing between 85 and 100 species. Several are Species Survival Plan (SSP) animals, members of designated endangered species groups.Landscaping
THe landscaping for the zoo and park was initially a major focus. The original building were supplied with watering systems that could provide the water necessary for the sand dune environment of the zoo, and with plants provided by city greenhouses, the landscaping was often as much of an attraction as the animals.Starting in 1994, many of the existing flower beds were replanted or redesigned, while other areas of the zoo have been replanted to attract native birds and insects, or to provide dietary enrichment for the animals.