Vowel-Consonant synthesis
Encyclopedia
Vowel–consonant synthesis is a type of hybrid digital
Digital
A digital system is a data technology that uses discrete values. By contrast, non-digital systems use a continuous range of values to represent information...

–analogue synthesis employed by the early Casiotone
Casiotone
Casiotone refers to a series of home electronic keyboards released by Casio Computer Co. in the early 1980s.These first keyboards used a sound synthesis technique known as Vowel-Consonant synthesis to approximate the sounds of other instruments...

 keyboards. It employs two digital waveforms, which are mixed and filtered by a static lowpass filter, with different filter positions selected for use according to presets. The filters are modeled on the frequencies present in the human vocal tract, hence the name given by Casio technicians during the research and development process.

The waveforms are stored and unalterable without considerable modification, such as the addition of a computer or microcontroller
Microcontroller
A microcontroller is a small computer on a single integrated circuit containing a processor core, memory, and programmable input/output peripherals. Program memory in the form of NOR flash or OTP ROM is also often included on chip, as well as a typically small amount of RAM...

, to deliver alternate control data to the sound synthesis chip.
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