Vitexin
Encyclopedia
Vitexin is an apigenin
flavone glucoside
, a chemical coupound found in the passion flower
, Vitex agnus-castus
(chaste tree or chasteberry) and in the Phyllostachys nigra
bamboo leaves. It is also found in the pearl millet
(Pennisetum millet).
thus contributing to goiter.
and the açaí palm
.
Apigenin
Apigenin is a flavone that is the aglycone of several glycosides. It is a yellow crystalline solid that has been used to dye wool. Apigenin may contribute to the chemopreventive action of vegetables and fruits...
flavone glucoside
Glucoside
A glucoside is a glycoside that is derived from glucose. Glucosides are common in plants, but rare in animals. Glucose is produced when a glucoside is hydrolysed by purely chemical means, or decomposed by fermentation or enzymes....
, a chemical coupound found in the passion flower
Passion flower
Passiflora, known also as the passion flowers or passion vines, is a genus of about 500 species of flowering plants, the namesakes of the family Passifloraceae. They are mostly vines, with some being shrubs, and a few species being herbaceous. For information about the fruit of the passiflora...
, Vitex agnus-castus
Vitex agnus-castus
Vitex agnus-castus, also called Vitex, Chaste Tree, Chasteberry, Abraham's Balm or Monk's Pepper, is a native of the Mediterranean region. It is one of the few temperate-zone species of Vitex, which is on the whole a genus of tropical and sub-tropical flowering plants...
(chaste tree or chasteberry) and in the Phyllostachys nigra
Phyllostachys nigra
Phyllostachys nigra or black bamboo is a major Phyllostachys species of bamboo.-Uses:It is used for lumber, food, and musical instruments, among other things, in areas of China where it is native and worldwide. Unlike golden bamboo, it is not considered an invasive species in the United States. In...
bamboo leaves. It is also found in the pearl millet
Pearl millet
Pearl millet is the most widely grown type of millet. Grown in Africa and the Indian subcontinent since prehistoric times, it is generally accepted that pearl millet originated in Africa and was subsequently introduced into India. The center of diversity, and suggested area of domestication, for...
(Pennisetum millet).
Metabolism
Goitrogenicity of millet flavones : Vitexin inhibits thyroid peroxidaseThyroid peroxidase
Thyroid peroxidase or thyroperoxidase is an enzyme expressed mainly in the thyroid that liberates iodine for addition onto tyrosine residues on thyroglobulin for the production of thyroxine or triiodothyronine , thyroid hormones. In humans, thyroperoxidase is encoded by the TPO...
thus contributing to goiter.
- Vitexin beta-glucosyltransferaseVitexin beta-glucosyltransferaseIn enzymology, a vitexin beta-glucosyltransferase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reactionThus, the two substrates of this enzyme are UDP-glucose and vitexin, whereas its two products are UDP and vitexin 2"-O-beta-D-glucoside....
- Vitexin 2"-O-rhamnoside 7-O-methyltransferase
- Isovitexin beta-glucosyltransferaseIsovitexin beta-glucosyltransferaseIn enzymology, an isovitexin beta-glucosyltransferase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reactionThus, the two substrates of this enzyme are UDP-glucose and isovitexin, whereas its two products are UDP and isovitexin 2"-O-beta-D-glucoside....
Isovitexin
Isovitexin (or homovitexin, saponaretin) is the apigenin-6-C-glucoside. It can be found in the passion flowerPassion flower
Passiflora, known also as the passion flowers or passion vines, is a genus of about 500 species of flowering plants, the namesakes of the family Passifloraceae. They are mostly vines, with some being shrubs, and a few species being herbaceous. For information about the fruit of the passiflora...
and the açaí palm
Açaí Palm
The açaí palm is a species of palm tree in the genus Euterpe cultivated for their fruit and superior hearts of palm. Its name comes from the Portuguese adaptation of the Tupian word ïwasa'i, '[fruit that] cries or expels water'. Global demand for the fruit has expanded rapidly in recent years,...
.