Vincens Budde
Encyclopedia
Vincens Budde was a Norwegian officer, born in 1660 in Halden
, Norway
into a Norwegian military family (his father, Frederick Otto Budde, served under Tønne Huitfeldt at Fredriksten
fortress in Halden, which repelled a Swedish attack in 1660). Budde was promoted to colonel
1710 and to major general
in 1716.
On 17 April 1710 Colonel Budde took command of a battalion of the 2nd (or lower) Tronhjemske Regiment, and in 1711 he led them to Holstein
on the Danish–German
border. In 1713 he led two battalions of the 2nd Tronhjemske Regiment during the successful investment of Stralsund
. By 1715 he had been promoted to brigadier general
and commanded forces stationed in Pomerania
.
In January 1716, Karl XII of Sweden began an offensive in Norway, with the intention of taking advantage of Denmark-Norway’s stationing of 4,500 Norwegian soldiers, including those led by Brigadier General Budde, to Denmark and Northern Germany in 1715. The Swedes expected supremacy over the remaining Norwegian military forces since Swedish forces consisted largely of seasoned mercenaries, while the remaining Norwegian home forces were soldiers with limited military training and poor equipment. However, after a failed Swedish siege of Akershus fortress, three combat experienced Norwegian regular regiments with about 4,000 men, commanded by Brigadier General Budde, arrived from Denmark on 17 April 1716. These forces were dispatched to the southern flank where they secured the fortress city of Fredrikstad and disrupted the supply lines between the Swedish forces in Christiania, and Sweden.
Brigadier General Vincens Budde led the attack on a Swedish battalion stationed in Moss under Colonel Falkenberg. Colonel Falkenberg fortified the city center concentrated his defense. Budde led 1,000 men of the 2nd Trondhjemske, Bergenhusiske and Cicignons regiments from Fredrikstad. They received critical support from Admiral Gabel’s forces including several ships of the line and smaller vessels, which delivered 500 men under the command of Lieutenant Colonel Henrik Jørgen Huitfeldt, to cut off access for Swedish forces from the north. By morning the morning of 23 April 1716, Budde's forces captured Moss and the Swedish forces there. Brigadier General Budde was promoted to major general as a result of this resounding victory over a respected opponent.
Major General Budde saw further action in the final days of the Great Northern War, when Karl XII initiated a second invasion of Norway in the fall of 1718. While Karl XII led his main army in an attack on Fredrikshald, he dispatched an army under General Carl Gustaf Armfeldt
into Trøndelag
to seize Trondheim. Armfeldt advanced against Trondheim, which was defended by an army of 6,900 men under General Budde. Although Armfeldt's forces surrounded Trondheim, Budde's forces held him at bay. When Karl XII was killed in December at Fredriksten, Budde's strategy prevailed. Armfeldt's forces were forced to retreat back across the mountains to Sweden in a Carolean Death March
almost as disastrous as Napoleon's retreat from Moscow.
Budde remained in active service until his death in 1729, at almost 70 years of age.
in 1721.
He married rather late in life to Armgaard Margrethe Gabelin, the daughter of Vice Governor-general of Norway Frederik G. Juel and Ane Cathrine Juel on 16 April 1718. She was born in Pleskov in Russia on 10 November 1677 and died in Trondheim on 8 March 1734. No children are recorded for this union.
Halden
is a both a town and a municipality in Østfold county, Norway. The seat of the municipality, Halden is a border town located at the Tista river delta on the Iddefjord, the southernmost border crossing between Norway and Sweden.-History:...
, Norway
Norway
Norway , officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic unitary constitutional monarchy whose territory comprises the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula, Jan Mayen, and the Arctic archipelago of Svalbard and Bouvet Island. Norway has a total area of and a population of about 4.9 million...
into a Norwegian military family (his father, Frederick Otto Budde, served under Tønne Huitfeldt at Fredriksten
Fredriksten
-History:This Fortresses was constructed ny Denmark-Norway in the 17th century as a replacement for the border fortress at Bohus, which had been lost when the province of Bohuslän was ceded to Sweden by the terms of the Treaty of Roskilde in 1658...
fortress in Halden, which repelled a Swedish attack in 1660). Budde was promoted to colonel
Colonel
Colonel , abbreviated Col or COL, is a military rank of a senior commissioned officer. It or a corresponding rank exists in most armies and in many air forces; the naval equivalent rank is generally "Captain". It is also used in some police forces and other paramilitary rank structures...
1710 and to major general
Major General
Major general or major-general is a military rank used in many countries. It is derived from the older rank of sergeant major general. A major general is a high-ranking officer, normally subordinate to the rank of lieutenant general and senior to the ranks of brigadier and brigadier general...
in 1716.
Military career
Budde was commissioned Løjtnant (Lieutenant) in Løvendals's Regiment in 1683 and was promoted to Kaptajn (Captain) in 1688.On 17 April 1710 Colonel Budde took command of a battalion of the 2nd (or lower) Tronhjemske Regiment, and in 1711 he led them to Holstein
Holstein
Holstein is the region between the rivers Elbe and Eider. It is part of Schleswig-Holstein, the northernmost state of Germany....
on the Danish–German
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
border. In 1713 he led two battalions of the 2nd Tronhjemske Regiment during the successful investment of Stralsund
Stralsund
- Main sights :* The Brick Gothic historic centre is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.* The heart of the old town is the Old Market Square , with the Gothic Town Hall . Behind the town hall stands the imposing Nikolaikirche , built in 1270-1360...
. By 1715 he had been promoted to brigadier general
Brigadier General
Brigadier general is a senior rank in the armed forces. It is the lowest ranking general officer in some countries, usually sitting between the ranks of colonel and major general. When appointed to a field command, a brigadier general is typically in command of a brigade consisting of around 4,000...
and commanded forces stationed in Pomerania
Pomerania
Pomerania is a historical region on the south shore of the Baltic Sea. Divided between Germany and Poland, it stretches roughly from the Recknitz River near Stralsund in the West, via the Oder River delta near Szczecin, to the mouth of the Vistula River near Gdańsk in the East...
.
In January 1716, Karl XII of Sweden began an offensive in Norway, with the intention of taking advantage of Denmark-Norway’s stationing of 4,500 Norwegian soldiers, including those led by Brigadier General Budde, to Denmark and Northern Germany in 1715. The Swedes expected supremacy over the remaining Norwegian military forces since Swedish forces consisted largely of seasoned mercenaries, while the remaining Norwegian home forces were soldiers with limited military training and poor equipment. However, after a failed Swedish siege of Akershus fortress, three combat experienced Norwegian regular regiments with about 4,000 men, commanded by Brigadier General Budde, arrived from Denmark on 17 April 1716. These forces were dispatched to the southern flank where they secured the fortress city of Fredrikstad and disrupted the supply lines between the Swedish forces in Christiania, and Sweden.
Brigadier General Vincens Budde led the attack on a Swedish battalion stationed in Moss under Colonel Falkenberg. Colonel Falkenberg fortified the city center concentrated his defense. Budde led 1,000 men of the 2nd Trondhjemske, Bergenhusiske and Cicignons regiments from Fredrikstad. They received critical support from Admiral Gabel’s forces including several ships of the line and smaller vessels, which delivered 500 men under the command of Lieutenant Colonel Henrik Jørgen Huitfeldt, to cut off access for Swedish forces from the north. By morning the morning of 23 April 1716, Budde's forces captured Moss and the Swedish forces there. Brigadier General Budde was promoted to major general as a result of this resounding victory over a respected opponent.
Major General Budde saw further action in the final days of the Great Northern War, when Karl XII initiated a second invasion of Norway in the fall of 1718. While Karl XII led his main army in an attack on Fredrikshald, he dispatched an army under General Carl Gustaf Armfeldt
Carl Gustaf Armfeldt
Carl Gustaf Armfeldt was a Swedish officer, general and friherre who took part in the Great Northern War....
into Trøndelag
Trøndelag
Trøndelag is the name of a geographical region in the central part of Norway, consisting of the two counties Nord-Trøndelag and Sør-Trøndelag. The region is, together with Møre og Romsdal, part of a larger...
to seize Trondheim. Armfeldt advanced against Trondheim, which was defended by an army of 6,900 men under General Budde. Although Armfeldt's forces surrounded Trondheim, Budde's forces held him at bay. When Karl XII was killed in December at Fredriksten, Budde's strategy prevailed. Armfeldt's forces were forced to retreat back across the mountains to Sweden in a Carolean Death March
Carolean Death March
The Carolean Death March or the Catastrophe of Øyfjellet refers to the disastrous retreat by a Swedish Carolean army under the command of Carl Gustaf Armfeldt across the Tydal mountain range in Trøndelag around the new year 1718-1719.-Background:...
almost as disastrous as Napoleon's retreat from Moscow.
Budde remained in active service until his death in 1729, at almost 70 years of age.
Family and personal life
He was named a Knight in the Order of the DannebrogOrder of the Dannebrog
The Order of the Dannebrog is an Order of Denmark, instituted in 1671 by Christian V. It resulted from a move in 1660 to break the absolutism of the nobility. The Order was only to comprise 50 noble Knights in one class plus the Master of the Order, i.e. the Danish monarch, and his sons...
in 1721.
He married rather late in life to Armgaard Margrethe Gabelin, the daughter of Vice Governor-general of Norway Frederik G. Juel and Ane Cathrine Juel on 16 April 1718. She was born in Pleskov in Russia on 10 November 1677 and died in Trondheim on 8 March 1734. No children are recorded for this union.