Urwa ibn al-Zubayr
Encyclopedia
'Urwah ibn al-Zubayr ibn al-'Awwam al-Asadi was among the seven fuqaha (jurists) who formulated the fiqh
of Medina
in the time of the Tabi‘in
and one of Muslim historian.
and Zubayr ibn al-Awwam, the brother of Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr and the nephew of Aisha bint Abu Bakr.
His son was Hisham ibn Urwa.
of Uthman
in Medina
and lived through the civil war which occurred after Uthman's murder. Although his brother Abd-Allah ibn al-Zubayr
wrested the rule from Abd al-Malik, it is unknown if he assisted him. He devoted himself to the study of fiqh and hadith
and had the greatest knowledge of hadiths narrated from Aishah. He said, "Before Aishah died, I saw that I had become one of four authorities. I said, 'If she dies, there will be no hadith which will be lost from those she knows. I have memorized all of them."
, destroyed them the day of the Battle of al-Harrah
. He later he regretted that, saying "I would rather have them in my possession than my family and property twice over."
He is also known to have written one of the first writings in the area of the biography of the Prophet Muhammad
, known as the Tract of Seerah.
His transmitted narrations from:
His narrations are transmitted by:
calls him as the first head of what he calls a "Madinese historical school," who began the systematic organization of material into books (tasnīf)
Fiqh
Fiqh is Islamic jurisprudence. Fiqh is an expansion of the code of conduct expounded in the Quran, often supplemented by tradition and implemented by the rulings and interpretations of Islamic jurists....
of Medina
Medina
Medina , or ; also transliterated as Madinah, or madinat al-nabi "the city of the prophet") is a city in the Hejaz region of western Saudi Arabia, and serves as the capital of the Al Madinah Province. It is the second holiest city in Islam, and the burial place of the Islamic Prophet Muhammad, and...
in the time of the Tabi‘in
Tabi‘in
The Tābi‘ūn are the generation of Muslims who were born after the death of the Islamic prophet Muhammad but who were contemporaries of the Sahaba "Companions". As such, they played an important part in the development of Islamic thought and philosophy, and in the political development of the...
and one of Muslim historian.
Family
He was the son of Asma bint Abi BakrAsma bint Abi Bakr
Asmā' bint Abu Bakr was one of the companions of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.-Family:She was Abu Bakr's daughter. Her mother was Qutaylah bint Abd-al-Uzza. Her half-sister was Aisha and half-brother was Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr.-Early Life: ? – 610:...
and Zubayr ibn al-Awwam, the brother of Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr and the nephew of Aisha bint Abu Bakr.
His son was Hisham ibn Urwa.
Uthman's era
He was born in the early years of the caliphateCaliphate
The term caliphate, "dominion of a caliph " , refers to the first system of government established in Islam and represented the political unity of the Muslim Ummah...
of Uthman
Uthman
Uthman ibn Affan was one of the companions of Islamic prophet, Muhammad. He played a major role in early Islamic history as the third Sunni Rashidun or Rightly Guided Caliph....
in Medina
Medina
Medina , or ; also transliterated as Madinah, or madinat al-nabi "the city of the prophet") is a city in the Hejaz region of western Saudi Arabia, and serves as the capital of the Al Madinah Province. It is the second holiest city in Islam, and the burial place of the Islamic Prophet Muhammad, and...
and lived through the civil war which occurred after Uthman's murder. Although his brother Abd-Allah ibn al-Zubayr
Abd-Allah ibn al-Zubayr
`Abd Allah al-Zubayr or ibn Zubayr 624 - 692) was an Arab sahabi whose father was Zubayr ibn al-Awwam, and whose mother was Asma bint Abi Bakr, daughter of the first Caliph Abu Bakr. He was the nephew of Aisha, Prophet Muhammad's third wife....
wrested the rule from Abd al-Malik, it is unknown if he assisted him. He devoted himself to the study of fiqh and hadith
Hadith
The term Hadīth is used to denote a saying or an act or tacit approval or criticism ascribed either validly or invalidly to the Islamic prophet Muhammad....
and had the greatest knowledge of hadiths narrated from Aishah. He said, "Before Aishah died, I saw that I had become one of four authorities. I said, 'If she dies, there will be no hadith which will be lost from those she knows. I have memorized all of them."
Works
Urwah wrote many books but, fearing they might become sources of authority alongside the Qur'anQur'an
The Quran , also transliterated Qur'an, Koran, Alcoran, Qur’ān, Coran, Kuran, and al-Qur’ān, is the central religious text of Islam, which Muslims consider the verbatim word of God . It is regarded widely as the finest piece of literature in the Arabic language...
, destroyed them the day of the Battle of al-Harrah
Battle of al-Harrah
The Battle of al-Harrah is a battle fought at al-Harrah in 683 CE, then lying to the northeast of Medina. The battle was fought against the armies of Yazid ibn Muawiyah by Abdullah ibn Zubayr and his allies, the people of Medina and several notable Sahabas, many of whom were killed in the battle....
. He later he regretted that, saying "I would rather have them in my possession than my family and property twice over."
He is also known to have written one of the first writings in the area of the biography of the Prophet Muhammad
Muhammad
Muhammad |ligature]] at U+FDF4 ;Arabic pronunciation varies regionally; the first vowel ranges from ~~; the second and the last vowel: ~~~. There are dialects which have no stress. In Egypt, it is pronounced not in religious contexts...
, known as the Tract of Seerah.
Hadith
Among his narrations are:- Hadith of Umar's speech of forbidding Mut'ah
His transmitted narrations from:
- AishaAishaAisha bint Abu Bakr also transcribed as was Muhammad's favorite wife...
His narrations are transmitted by:
- Ibn Shihab al-ZuhriIbn Shihab al-ZuhriFor the geographer from Al-Andalus see Mohammed Ibn Abu Bakr al-ZuhriMuhammad ibn Muslim ibn Ubaydullah ibn Shihab al-Zuhri , usually called simply Ibn Shihab or al-Zuhri...
Non-Muslim view
Gregor SchoelerGregor Schoeler
-External links:*http://web.mit.edu/CIS/www/mitejmes/issues/200310/br_lane.htm...
calls him as the first head of what he calls a "Madinese historical school," who began the systematic organization of material into books (tasnīf)