Universalglot is an a posteriori international auxiliary language

International auxiliary language

An international auxiliary language or interlanguage is a language meant for communication between people from different nations who do not share a common native language...

 published by the French linguist Jean Pirro

Jean Pirro

Jean Pirro was a French linguist who in 1868 invented the "universal language", Universalglot. He was also the father of André Pirro.-See also:*Constructed languages...

 in 1868 in Tentative d'une langue universelle, Enseignement, grammaire, vocabulaire. Predating Volapük

Volapük

Volapük is a constructed language, created in 1879–1880 by Johann Martin Schleyer, a Roman Catholic priest in Baden, Germany. Schleyer felt that God had told him in a dream to create an international language. Volapük conventions took place in 1884 , 1887 and 1889 . The first two conventions used...

 by a decade and Esperanto

Esperanto

is the most widely spoken constructed international auxiliary language. Its name derives from Doktoro Esperanto , the pseudonym under which L. L. Zamenhof published the first book detailing Esperanto, the Unua Libro, in 1887...

 by nearly 20 years, Universalglot has been called the first "complete auxiliary-language system based on the common elements in national languages". In his book describing his own language project Novial

Novial

Novial [nov- + IAL, International Auxiliary Language] is a constructed international auxiliary language intended to facilitate international communication and friendship, without displacing anyone's native language...

, Otto Jespersen

Otto Jespersen

Jens Otto Harry Jespersen or Otto Jespersen was a Danish linguist who specialized in the grammar of the English language.He was born in Randers in northern Jutland and attended Copenhagen University, earning degrees in English, French, and Latin...

praised the language, writing that it is "one to which I constantly recur with the greatest admiration, because it embodies principles which were not recognized till much later".

Pirro gave it more than 7,000 basic words and numerous prefixes, enabling the development of a very extensible vocabulary.

Alphabet

This language uses 26 letters:

• a "Σ/σ" is used instead of "sh".
• a "Ü/ü" is used for German "Ü/ü" (or French "U/u")

The letters whose pronunciation differs from their pronunciation in English are:

• "c" is like "ts", "j" is like "y", "q" is like "kw"
• "a", "e", "i", "o", "u" are pronounced as in Italian or Spanish.

Nouns and adjectives

Nouns (substantives) are invariable except for the feminine form, which ends in "in". Adjectives are completely invariable E.g. (singular): El old man, el old manin. E.g. 2 (plural): Li old man, Li old manin.

All words can be used as nouns with the help of an article.

Articles

Only articles and pronouns have separate singular and plural forms, as follows:

Singular: el (de el, ex el / ad el / el), un

Plural: li (de li, ex li / ad li / li)

Verbs

The verbs all share the same easy conjugation:

esen: to be

i ese, tu ese, il ese, nos ese, vos ese, ili ese

i esed, tu esed, il esed, nos esed, vos esed, ili esed

i esrai, tu esrai, il esrai, nos esrai, vos esrai, ili esrai

i esrais, tu esrais, il esrais, nos esrais, vos esrais, ili esrais

es!

esant

esed

haben: to have

i habe, tu habe, il habe, nos habe, vos habe, ili habe

i habed, tu habed, il habed, nos habed, vos habed, ili habed

i habrai, tu habrai, il habrai, nos habrai, vos habrai, ili habrai

i habrais, tu habrais, il habrais, nos habrais, vos habrais, ili habrais

hab!

habant

habed

loben: to praise

i lobe, tu lobe, il lobe, nos lobe, vos lobe, ili lobe

i lobed, tu lobed, il lobed, nos lobed, vos lobed, ili lobed

i lobrai, tu lobrai, il lobrai, nos lobrai, vos lobrai, ili lobrai

i lobrais, tu lobrais, il lobrais, nos lobrais, vos lobrais, ili lobrais

i habrai lobed, etc.

i habrais lobed, etc.

lob!

lobant

lobed

esen lobed

i ese lobed

i esed lobed

i esrai lobed

i esrais lobed

i esrai esed lobed

i esrais esed lobed

es lobed!



se loben

i lobe me

i lobed me

i lobrai me

i lobrais me

Adverbs

da, di, fern, pertot, post, retro, sub, up, vo, pre, alterlit, hastlit, insamel, oft, rarlit, re, so, certlit, ies, non, potlit, villit, alor, altervolt, ankor, bald, ditdai, heri, jam, kras, mai, nun, postdit, primlit, semper, admindest, vix, ben, kom, mal, mind, molt, prox, quant, sat, self, talit, tant, totlit, trop, unlit.

Prepositions

ad, adkaus, de, ex, in, inter, kon, kontra, kontravil, ob, per, post, pre, pro, prox, retro, sin, sub, til, tra, um, up, uper.

Special word lists

i, de me, ex me, ad me, me, men bibel, el men, meni bibel, li meni

tu, de te, ex te, ad te, te, ten bibel, el ten, teni bibel, li teni

il, de eil, ex eil, ad eil, eil, sen bibel, el sen, seni bibel, li seni

nos, de enos, ex enos, ad enos, enos, nor bibel, el nor, nori bibel, li nori

vos, de evos, ex evos, ad evos, evos, vor bibel, el vor, vori bibel, li vori

ili, de eili, ex eili, ad eili, eili, lor bibel, el lor, lori bibel, li lori

ke? de ke? ex ke? ad ke? ke?

alter, alteri; jed; nul, nuli; on; self, selfi; tal, tali; tot, toti; un, uni

un, du, tri, quat, quint, sex, sept, okt, nov, dec

11=undec, 12=dudec, 13=tridec etc.

20=duta, 30=trita, etc.

21=dutaun, 22=dutadu, 23=dutatri etc.

cent, mil, million, miliar

el prim, el duli, el trili etc. el ultim

primlit, dulit, trilit etc.

1/2=un midli, 3/4=tri quatli

setin:

Lundai, Mardai, Erdai, Jovdai, Vendai, Samdai, Diodai = un septin

dudecin:

Jaenner, Hornung, Maerz, April, Mai, Junius, Julius, August, September, October, November, December = un dudecin

Leter de grat (thank letter)

Men senior,

I grate vos pro el servnes ke vos habe donated ad me. Kred, men senior, ke in un simli fal vos pote konten up me.

Adcept el adsekurantnes de men kordli amiknes.

Konversatsion

Ben dai, Meni senior, i ese inkanted reinkontra evos; i habe videt evos in London, e ditdai nos finde enos in Skotland. dikt me ex ke land vos ese.

Un ex enos ese ruser e du ese italier e el quatli ese deutsch; ma nos pote toti parlen insamel, den nos parle el universal glot.