United States Army Parachute Team
Encyclopedia
Parachute
A parachute is a device used to slow the motion of an object through an atmosphere by creating drag, or in the case of ram-air parachutes, aerodynamic lift. Parachutes are usually made out of light, strong cloth, originally silk, now most commonly nylon...
team of the United States Army
United States Army
The United States Army is the main branch of the United States Armed Forces responsible for land-based military operations. It is the largest and oldest established branch of the U.S. military, and is one of seven U.S. uniformed services...
. It consists of demonstration and competition Parachutist teams, drawn from US Army Paratrooper
Paratrooper
Paratroopers are soldiers trained in parachuting and generally operate as part of an airborne force.Paratroopers are used for tactical advantage as they can be inserted into the battlefield from the air, thereby allowing them to be positioned in areas not accessible by land...
s who have demonstrated excellence in their parachuting skills.
History
The STRAC or Strategic Army Corps Sport Parachute Team, which was originally conceptualized by Brigadier General Joseph Stilwell. The original STRAC team consisted of 13 military parachutists. This unofficial unit competed successfully in parachute competitions, provided assistance to the military in the development of modern parachuting techniques and equipment, and provided support for Army public relations and recruiting. The team participated in international parachuting competitions to thwart the Soviets in their quest for dominance of the world parachuting arena. In 1959, the team was formally organized and later re-designated as the Army's official aerial demonstration unit on June 1, 1961.Unit Organization
The United States Army Parachute Team is part of the United States Army Accessions CommandUnited States Army Accessions Command
The U.S. Army Accessions Command was established by general order on 15 February 2002. It is a subordinate command of TRADOC charged with providing integrated command and control of the recruiting and initial military training for the Army's officer, warrant officer, and enlisted forces...
's Accessions Support Brigade, Headquartered at Ft. Knox, KY. The parachute team is garrisoned at Ft. Bragg, NC, and has several dedicated facilities in the area. These facilities include: an aviation support facility, a team headquarters facility and a dedicated team drop zone. The team itself is composed of approximately 95 men and women and divided into several smaller task-oriented sub-units, also called teams or sections. The support elements include: an Aviation Section, a Headquarters section, a Media Relations Section, and a Supply Section. The administrative and support personnel make up about half of the unit's end strength, and provide invaluable logistical support for the demonstrators and competitors as they perform their duties in the US and abroad. The team's operational elements include: two Demonstration Teams, a 4-way Relative Work Team, a Style and Accuracy Team, a Tandem Section and most recently, a Canopy Swoop Team.
Demonstration Teams
The two Golden Knight demonstration teams travel the United States(and occasionally overseas)performing for public audiences at venues ranging from relatively small civic events, to nationally and internationally televised events (such as Monday Night Football games, NASCAR races and large International airshows). The two, 12-member teams travel approximately 240 days per calendar year, and use the team's two Fokker C-31A TroopshipFokker F27
The Fokker F27 Friendship is a turboprop airliner designed and built by the Dutch aircraft manufacturer Fokker.-Design and development:Design of the Fokker F27 started in the 1950s as a replacement to the successful Douglas DC-3 airliner...
jump aircraft as their primary means of transportation, and sometimes the De Havilland Canada UV-18A Twin Otter
De Havilland Canada DHC-6 Twin Otter
The DHC-6 Twin Otter is a Canadian 19-passenger STOL utility aircraft developed by de Havilland Canada and currently produced by Viking Air. The aircraft's fixed tricycle undercarriage, STOL abilities and high rate of climb have made it a successful cargo, regional passenger airliner and MEDEVAC...
.
There are two demonstration teams, dubbed the Gold Team and Black Team, in reference to the official Army colors. Team members come from a variety of backgrounds in one of the 150 jobs available in the US Army. Each team has a team leader, who typically has the most time and experience performing demonstration jumps and typically holds the rank of an Army Sergeant First Class (SFC).
The 24 demonstrator positions on the team are typically held for at least three consecutive years. At the end of their tenure, soldiers will then either rotate back to Army line units or they may request to stay with the team for an additional period in one of several specialty positions. These positions are usually reserved for tandem parachute instructors, videographers, team leaders and competition parachutists.
The demonstration teams perform several types of shows; each is performed to exacting standards of practice but can also be tailored to the specific venue. These shows range from jumpers exiting the aircraft and landing in a major-league stadium, to more involved 20 or 30 minute aerial displays. The Mass Exit show consists of multiple jumpers exiting the aircraft and forming a geometric shape, often with smoke canisters employed for additional crowd effect. The 30 minute Full Show consists of several aircraft passes or "jump runs"; with each pass consisting of one or more jumpers exiting and then performing exciting and somewhat unusual parachuting maneuvers. Once safely on the ground, the jumpers traditionally perform a ground line-up, in which each jumper is introduced and then the team will usually present a team memento to a distinguished selectee from the show audience.
Each maneuver the Knights perform is executed with the enjoyment and safety of the audience being the paramount concern. As a testament to their professionalism and skill, the Golden Knights enjoy an unparalleled safety record in the professional parachuting arena.
For those wishing to become one of the few, the Golden Knights hold an annual tryout and selection program by which qualified Army men and women are invited to attend a grueling and mentally challenging 6-week course, while temporarily assigned to the team at Ft. Bragg, NC. During this event, applicants will typically make 150-200 freefall parachute jumps and will lose an average of 5-10 lbs of body weight due to the highly challenging regimen of jumping, technical classes, and physical training.
When they are not jumping, these nascent Golden Knights learn the team's history, memorize over 13 pages of show narration verbatim, and also receive public affairs and public speaking orientations. At the culmination of this process, the remaining applicants who are not released from the program are "knighted" during an induction ceremony and are then put on a probationary status for a one-year period. Those soldiers who successfully complete their probationary period are then officially deemed Golden Knights and will then serve their remaining three seasons as full-fledged members of the team.
For more information on Golden Knight Selection and Assessment application requirements and the team in general, please direct your browser to http://www.armygoldenknights.com.
Competition Teams
Two teams participate in national and international parachute competitions. These teams compete in Four-way FormationFormation skydiving
Formation skydiving is the art of building formations in free-fall with multiple people gripping each others' limbs or specially built "grippers" on their jumpsuits....
, Eight Way Formation
Formation skydiving
Formation skydiving is the art of building formations in free-fall with multiple people gripping each others' limbs or specially built "grippers" on their jumpsuits....
, Style
Freefall style
Freefall style is a category of sport skydiving competition. Competitors aim to perform a predefined series of aerial maneuvers including front and back flips , turns, and rolls in the least amount of time. Competitors are timed for the length they take to perform the series of maneuvers...
& Accuracy
Accuracy landing
Accuracy landing is one of the oldest skydiving disciplines, in which skydivers attempt to land as closely as possible to a pre-determined target.-Competitive accuracy landing:...
, and Canopy piloting
Canopy piloting
Canopy Piloting encompasses several disciplines, all involving the flight of a skydiving parachute either at high altitude or close to the ground."Swooping" is one form of canopy piloting and is a growing activity in the skydiving world...
competitions. They have won an impressive array of medals from national and international competitions each year, and hold the current Military World Record in both male and female four way freefall formation and the World Record in Canopy piloting
Canopy piloting
Canopy Piloting encompasses several disciplines, all involving the flight of a skydiving parachute either at high altitude or close to the ground."Swooping" is one form of canopy piloting and is a growing activity in the skydiving world...
speed.
Tandem Team
The Golden Knights Tandem section provides the team with the unique ability to provide tandem parachute jumps to approved local and national celebrities, media personnel and VIPs. This allows the team to jump with these celebrities into venues which have local and national flavor, interest and appeal. This program was designed to allow celebrities and VIP's the opportunity to experience the thrill of freefall with the Knights, while in a safe, carefully controlled setting and to showcase the skills and qualities of Army soldiers to these special individuals.This element consists of 6 soldiers who were selected from the ranks of the demonstration teams and all are specially trained in Tandem Parachuting and Accelerated Freefall parachuting techniques as well as freefall photography. The Golden Knights have had the distinct honor of jumping with numerous celebrities and heads of state, most notably President George H.W. Bush, in 2007 and 2009.
Headquarters
The Golden Knights headquarters section consists of the team's leadership and administrative, operational planning, safety, and parachute maintenance personnel. The team is commanded by an Army Lt. Colonel (O-5) and run by an Army Sergeant Major (E-9) Additionally, there are only a total of 4 commissioned officer positions on the team, which makes the team somewhat unique in that it is mostly composed of and run by enlisted personnel.Aviation Section
The team's Aviation Section, affectionately known as "Team Six", is commanded by an Army Major (O4). This section is composed of approximately 10 Army and DAC pilots, and six Enlisted Soldiers. The Army pilots (with the exception of the Team 6 Commander) are all Chief Warrant Officers in the ranks of CW3 to CW5 and most have an average of 4,000-5,000 flight hours in fixed-wing aircraft. The enlisted personnel (with the exception of the Operations NCO) are all UH-60 "Blackhawk" Helicopter Crewchief in the ranks of SGT to SFC and most have an average of 500-2,000 flight hours.Team Aircraft
The Golden Knights use two FokkerFokker
Fokker was a Dutch aircraft manufacturer named after its founder, Anthony Fokker. The company operated under several different names, starting out in 1912 in Schwerin, Germany, moving to the Netherlands in 1919....
C-31A Troopship
Fokker F27
The Fokker F27 Friendship is a turboprop airliner designed and built by the Dutch aircraft manufacturer Fokker.-Design and development:Design of the Fokker F27 started in the 1950s as a replacement to the successful Douglas DC-3 airliner...
and two De Havilland Canada
De Havilland Canada
The de Havilland Aircraft of Canada Ltd. company was an aircraft manufacturer with facilities based in what is now the Downsview area of Toronto, Ontario, Canada...
UV-18A Twin Otter as their jump aircraft. The C-31A is used by the demonstration teams as a mode of conveyance to over 50 show locations annually, as well as a jump platform while performing at those locations. The UV-18's are most frequently used by the tandem and competition teams and for local jumps near Ft. Bragg due to their shorter range. All of the Knights' aircraft have a unique Golden Knights livery
Livery
A livery is a uniform, insignia or symbol adorning, in a non-military context, a person, an object or a vehicle that denotes a relationship between the wearer of the livery and an individual or corporate body. Often, elements of the heraldry relating to the individual or corporate body feature in...
, which is black and white with a gold stripe down the middle of the fuselage. The bottom and tail are painted black (on the C-31A). The tail has the familiar "Army" brand symbol upon it (ex. Twin Otter). Orders have been placed for 3 new Viking DHC-6 Twin Otter Series 400
De Havilland Canada DHC-6 Twin Otter
The DHC-6 Twin Otter is a Canadian 19-passenger STOL utility aircraft developed by de Havilland Canada and currently produced by Viking Air. The aircraft's fixed tricycle undercarriage, STOL abilities and high rate of climb have made it a successful cargo, regional passenger airliner and MEDEVAC...
.
External links
- The Golden Knights webpage
- The Golden Knights Alumni Association webpage