The Téméraire class ships of the line was a class of 107 74-gun ships of the line

Ship of the line

A ship of the line was a type of naval warship constructed from the 17th through the mid-19th century to take part in the naval tactic known as the line of battle, in which two columns of opposing warships would manoeuvre to bring the greatest weight of broadside guns to bear...

 built between 1782 and 1813 for the French navy

French Navy

The French Navy, officially the Marine nationale and often called La Royale is the maritime arm of the French military. It includes a full range of fighting vessels, from patrol boats to a nuclear powered aircraft carrier and 10 nuclear-powered submarines, four of which are capable of launching...

. The type was and remains the most numerous class of capital ship ever built.

The class was designed by Jacques-Noël Sané

Jacques-Noël Sané

Jacques-Noël Sané was a French naval engineer, one of the most successful shipbuilders of the Age of Sail.Sané studied under Duhamel du Monceau...

 as part of the fleet expansion programme instituted by Jean-Charles de Borda

Jean-Charles de Borda

Jean-Charles, chevalier de Borda was a French mathematician, physicist, political scientist, and sailor.-Life history:...

.

The design was appreciated in Britain

Kingdom of Great Britain

The former Kingdom of Great Britain, sometimes described as the 'United Kingdom of Great Britain', That the Two Kingdoms of Scotland and England, shall upon the 1st May next ensuing the date hereof, and forever after, be United into One Kingdom by the Name of GREAT BRITAIN. was a sovereign...

, which eagerly commissioned captured ships and even copied the design with the Pompée class

Pompée class ship of the line

The Pompée-class ships of the line were a class of two 74-gun third rates. They were built for the Royal Navy to the lines of the French ship , a Téméraire class ship of the line which had been captured by Britain in 1793.-Ships:...

 and America class

America class ship of the line

The America-class ships of the line were a class of two 74-gun third rates. They were built for the Royal Navy to the lines of the Téméraire-class French ship America, which had been captured in 1794 and renamed HMS Impetueux.-Ships:...

.

Variants from basic design

While all the French 74-gun ships from the mid-1780s until the close of the Napoleonic Wars were to the Téméraire design, there were three variants of the basic design which Sané developed with the same hull form of the Téméraire. In 1793 two ships were laid down at Brest to an enlarged design, in 1801 two ships were commenced at Lorient with a shorter length than the standard design (with a third ship commenced at Brest), and in 1803 two ships were commenced at Toulon to a smaller version (many more ships to this 'small type' were then built in the shipyards controlled by France in Italy and the Netherlands) - these are detailed separately below.

Téméraire (18 ships)

• Téméraire
  French ship Téméraire (1782)
  The Téméraire was the lead ship of the Téméraire class 74-gun ship of the line of the French Navy.She took part in the Bataille du 13 prairial an 2, battling HMS Russell....
  
  

Builder: Brest

Brest, France

Brest is a city in the Finistère department in Brittany in northwestern France. Located in a sheltered position not far from the western tip of the Breton peninsula, and the western extremity of metropolitan France, Brest is an important harbour and the second French military port after Toulon...

 shipyard

Ordered:

Laid down: May 1782

Launched: 17 December 1782

Completed: July 1783

Fate: Condemned in November 1801, broken up 1803.

• Audacieux
  French ship Audacieux (1784)
  The Audacieux was a Téméraire class 74-gun ship of the line of the French Navy.Between 1791 and 1793, she was decommissioned in Lorient. She joined active service again in 1793, and the next year, she salvaged the Révolutionnaire, dismasted after the Glorious First of June.She was eventually broken...
  
  

Builder: Lorient shipyard

Ordered:

Laid down: July 1782

Launched: 28 October 1784

Completed: 1785

Fate: Condemned in November 1802

• Superbe
  French ship Superbe (1784)
  The Superbe was a Téméraire class 74-gun ship of the line of the French Navy.She took part in the Croisière du Grand Hiver, where she sank due to a leak.- External links :*...
  
  

Builder: Brest

Brest, France

Brest is a city in the Finistère department in Brittany in northwestern France. Located in a sheltered position not far from the western tip of the Breton peninsula, and the western extremity of metropolitan France, Brest is an important harbour and the second French military port after Toulon...

 shipyard

Ordered:

Laid down: July 1782

Launched: 11 November 1784

Completed: 1785

Fate: Wrecked on 30 January 1795 off Brest.

• Généreux
  French ship Généreux (1785)
  The Généreux was a French Téméraire class ship of the line.She was launched in 1785 at Rochefort. With the Guillaume Tell, she was one of only two ships to escape the British attack at the Battle of the Nile in August 1798....
  
  

Builder: Rochefort

Rochefort, Charente-Maritime

Rochefort is a commune in southwestern France, a port on the Charente estuary. It is a sub-prefecture of the Charente-Maritime department.-History:...

 shipyard

Ordered:

Laid down: July 1782

Launched: 21 June 1785

Completed: October 1785

Fate: Captured by the Royal Navy

Royal Navy

The Royal Navy is the naval warfare service branch of the British Armed Forces. Founded in the 16th century, it is the oldest service branch and is known as the Senior Service...

 at Toulon in August 1793 but retaken by the French in December 1793; captured again by the Royal Navy

Royal Navy

The Royal Navy is the naval warfare service branch of the British Armed Forces. Founded in the 16th century, it is the oldest service branch and is known as the Senior Service...

 in February 1800.

• Commerce de Bordeaux
  French ship Commerce de Bordeaux (1785)
  The Commerce de Bordeaux was a Téméraire class 74-gun ship of the line of the French Navy.Renamed Timoléon in February 1794, she took part in the Battle of the Nile under captain Louis-Léonce Trullet. In the confusion of the battle, her rudder was damaged by misdirected fire from the neighbouring...
  
  

Builder: Toulon shipyard

Ordered:

Laid down: September 1784

Launched: 15 September 1785

Completed: 1786 or 1787

Fate: renamed Bonnet Rouge in January 1794 and then Timoléon in February 1794. Destroyed in action at the Battle of the Nile

Battle of the Nile

The Battle of the Nile was a major naval battle fought between British and French fleets at Aboukir Bay on the Mediterranean coast of Egypt from 1–3 August 1798...

 in August 1798.

• Ferme

Builder: Brest

Brest, France

Brest is a city in the Finistère department in Brittany in northwestern France. Located in a sheltered position not far from the western tip of the Breton peninsula, and the western extremity of metropolitan France, Brest is an important harbour and the second French military port after Toulon...

 shipyard

Ordered:

Laid down: December 1784

Launched: 16 September 1785

Completed: 1786

Fate: renamed Phocion in October 1792. Surrendered to Spain by her officers in January 1793 at Trinidad.

• Fougueux

Builder: Lorient shipyard

Ordered:

Laid down: August 1782, but work stopped in February 1783 and she was demolished.

Re-laid down: November 1784

Launched: 19 September 1785

Completed: late 1785

Fate: Captured by the Royal Navy

Royal Navy

The Royal Navy is the naval warfare service branch of the British Armed Forces. Founded in the 16th century, it is the oldest service branch and is known as the Senior Service...

 at Trafalgar on 21 October 1805, and subsequently wrecked.

• Patriote
  French ship Patriote (1785)
  The Patriote was a Téméraire class 74-gun ship of the line of the French Navy.She was one of the French ships which had their hull doubled with copper....
  
  

Builder: Brest

Brest, France

Brest is a city in the Finistère department in Brittany in northwestern France. Located in a sheltered position not far from the western tip of the Breton peninsula, and the western extremity of metropolitan France, Brest is an important harbour and the second French military port after Toulon...

 shipyard

Ordered:

Laid down: September 1784

Launched: 3 October 1785

Completed: April 1786

Fate: Condemned in May 1820 and became Pontoon No.4 in April 1821. Broken up at Rochefort in late 1832.

• Commerce de Marseille
  French ship Commerce de Marseille (1785)
  Commerce de Marseille was a Téméraire class ship of the line. She was renamed Lys in July 1786 and Tricolore in October 1792. On August 1793 she was captured by the Royal Navy at Toulon....
  
   (renamed Lys in July 1786 and then Tricolore in October 1792)

Builder: Toulon shipyard

Ordered:

Laid down: September 1784

Launched: 7 October 1785

Completed: September 1787

Fate: Captured by the Royal Navy

Royal Navy

The Royal Navy is the naval warfare service branch of the British Armed Forces. Founded in the 16th century, it is the oldest service branch and is known as the Senior Service...

 at Toulon on August 1793, then destroyed during the Siege of Toulon

Siege of Toulon

The Siege of Toulon was an early Republican victory over a Royalist rebellion in the Southern French city of Toulon. It is also often known as the Fall of Toulon.-Context:...

 in December 1793.

• Borée (renamed Ça Ira in April 1794 and then Agricola in June 1794)

Builder: Lorient shipyard

Ordered:

Laid down: January 1783, but work stopped in February 1783 and she was demolished.

Re-laid down: November 1784

Launched: 17 November 1785

Completed: August 1787

Fate: Broken up in 1803 at Rochefort.

• Orion
  French ship Orion (1787)
  The Orion was a Téméraire class 74-gun ship of the line of the French Navy.She took part in fighting on the coast of Italy. In 1793, she was renamed Mucius Scaevola, soon shortened to Mucius....
  
  

Builder: Rochefort

Rochefort, Charente-Maritime

Rochefort is a commune in southwestern France, a port on the Charente estuary. It is a sub-prefecture of the Charente-Maritime department.-History:...

 shipyard

Ordered:

Laid down: October 1784

Launched: 18 April 1787

Completed: 1788

Fate: renamed Mucius Scaevola in November 1793, then Mucius in same month; condemned 1802 and broken up 1803-1804.

• Léopard

Builder: Brest

Brest, France

Brest is a city in the Finistère department in Brittany in northwestern France. Located in a sheltered position not far from the western tip of the Breton peninsula, and the western extremity of metropolitan France, Brest is an important harbour and the second French military port after Toulon...

 shipyard

Ordered:

Begun: October 1785

Launched: 22 June 1787

Completed: July 1787

Fate: wrecked February 1793 and then burnt

• Entreprenant
  French ship Entreprenant (1787)
  The Entreprenant was a Téméraire class 74-gun ship of the line of the French Navy.In December 1792, she assisted the Languedoc. She was taken by the British when they captured Toulon, but was recaptured....
  
  

Builder: Lorient shipyard

Ordered:

Begun: May 1786

Launched: 11 October 1787

Completed: 1788

Fate: Broken up 1803

• Impétueux
  French ship Impétueux (1787)
  The Impétueux was a Téméraire class 74-gun ship of the line of the French Navy.She took part in the Glorious First of June in 1794. During the battle, HMS Marlborough. Marlborough became tangled with Impétueux...
  
  

Builder: Rochefort

Rochefort, Charente-Maritime

Rochefort is a commune in southwestern France, a port on the Charente estuary. It is a sub-prefecture of the Charente-Maritime department.-History:...

 shipyard

Ordered:

Begun: July 1786

Launched: 25 October 1787

Completed: 1788

Fate: captured by the British June 1794

• Apollon
  French ship Apollon (1788)
  The Apollon was a Téméraire class 74-gun ship of the line of the French Navy.Between 1791 and 1793, she was based in Saint-Domingue....
  
  

Builder: Rochefort

Rochefort, Charente-Maritime

Rochefort is a commune in southwestern France, a port on the Charente estuary. It is a sub-prefecture of the Charente-Maritime department.-History:...

 shipyard

Ordered:

Begun: April 1787

Launched: 21 May 1788

Completed: 1788

Fate: renamed Gasparin in February 1794, reverted to Apollon in May 1794; renamed Marceau in December 1797. Broken up 1798.

• América
  French ship America (1788)
  America was a Téméraire-class 74-gun ship of the line of the French Navy. The Royal Navy captured her in 1794 at the Battle of the Glorious First of June. She then served with the British under the name HMS Impetueux until she was broken up in 1813...
  
  

Builder: Brest

Brest, France

Brest is a city in the Finistère department in Brittany in northwestern France. Located in a sheltered position not far from the western tip of the Breton peninsula, and the western extremity of metropolitan France, Brest is an important harbour and the second French military port after Toulon...

 shipyard

Ordered:

Begun: end 1786

Launched: 21 May 1788

Completed: 1789

Fate: Captured by the Royal Navy

Royal Navy

The Royal Navy is the naval warfare service branch of the British Armed Forces. Founded in the 16th century, it is the oldest service branch and is known as the Senior Service...

 June 1794

• Duguay-Trouin

Builder: Brest

Brest, France

Brest is a city in the Finistère department in Brittany in northwestern France. Located in a sheltered position not far from the western tip of the Breton peninsula, and the western extremity of metropolitan France, Brest is an important harbour and the second French military port after Toulon...

 shipyard

Ordered:

Begun: end 1786

Launched: 30 October 1788

Completed July 1790

Fate: Destroyed during the Siege of Toulon

Siege of Toulon

The Siege of Toulon was an early Republican victory over a Royalist rebellion in the Southern French city of Toulon. It is also often known as the Fall of Toulon.-Context:...

 in 1793

• Aquilon
  French ship Aquilon (1789)
  The Aquilon was a Téméraire class 74-gun ship of the line of the French Navy.She served off Italy under Brueys, and took part in the Battle of the Nile, where she fought HMS Vanguard, HMS Minotaur and HMS Theseus. She was captured and recommissioned in the Royal Navy as HMS Aboukir.- External links...
  
  

Builder: Rochefort

Rochefort, Charente-Maritime

Rochefort is a commune in southwestern France, a port on the Charente estuary. It is a sub-prefecture of the Charente-Maritime department.-History:...

 shipyard

Ordered:

Begun: September 1787

Launched: 8 June 1789

Completed: June 1790

Fate: Captured by Britain during the Battle of the Nile

Battle of the Nile

The Battle of the Nile was a major naval battle fought between British and French fleets at Aboukir Bay on the Mediterranean coast of Egypt from 1–3 August 1798...

 in August 1798.

Duquesne (46 ships)

• Duquesne
  French ship Duquesne (1787)
  The Duquesne was a Téméraire class 74-gun ship of the line of the French Navy.It directed in 1793, under captain Vence, an important convoy of Levant then escaped the hostile monitoring from a squadron Anglo-Spanish....
  
  

Builder: Toulon shipyard

Ordered:

Begun: August 1787

Launched: 2 September 1788

Completed: 1789

Fate:

• Tourville
  French ship Tourville (1788)
  The Tourville was a Téméraire class 74-gun ship of the line of the French Navy.In August 1793, she was damaged by a tempest, which also killed her captain, and had to return to Brest...
  
  

Builder: Lorient shipyard

Ordered:

Begun: June 1787

Launched: 16 December 1788

Completed: July 1790

Fate:

• Éole
  French ship Éole (1789)
  The Éole was a Téméraire class 74-gun ship of the line of the French Navy.Between 1791 and 1793, she was based in Saint-Domingue. She took part in the Glorious First of June, where she and Trajan dismasted HMS Bellerophon....
  
  

Builder: Lorient shipyard

Ordered:

Begun: June 1787

Launched: 15 November 1789

Completed: August 1790

Fate: Broken up in Baltimore in 1816

• Jupiter
  French ship Jupiter (1789)
  The Jupiter was a Téméraire class 74-gun ship of the line of the French Navy.Between 1791 and 1793, she was based in Saint-Domingue. In March 1794, she was renamed Montagnard...
  
  

Builder: Brest

Brest, France

Brest is a city in the Finistère department in Brittany in northwestern France. Located in a sheltered position not far from the western tip of the Breton peninsula, and the western extremity of metropolitan France, Brest is an important harbour and the second French military port after Toulon...

 shipyard

Ordered: 19 August 1787

Begun: June 1788

Launched: 4 November 1789

Completed: October 1790

Fate: renamed Montagnard in March 1794, Démocrate on 18 May 1795 then swiftly Jupiter again on 30 May 1795, and Batave in December 1797. Broken up in Brest in 1807

• Vengeur

Builder: Brest

Brest, France

Brest is a city in the Finistère department in Brittany in northwestern France. Located in a sheltered position not far from the western tip of the Breton peninsula, and the western extremity of metropolitan France, Brest is an important harbour and the second French military port after Toulon...

 shipyard

Ordered:

Begun: May 1788

Launched: 16 December 1789

Completed: August 1790

Fate:

• Jean Bart

Builder: Lorient shipyard

Ordered:

Launched: 7 November 1790

Fate: Wrecked at the Battle of the Basque Roads

Battle of the Basque Roads

The Battle of the Basque Roads, also Battle of Aix Roads was a naval battle during the Napoleonic Wars off the Island of Aix...

 on 26 February 1809, hull burnt by the British in April.

• Scipion

Builder: Toulon shipyard

Ordered:

Launched:

Fate:

• Thésée
  French ship Thésée (1790)
  The Thésée was a Téméraire class 74-gun ship of the line of the French Navy. As Révolution, she took part in the Expédition d'Irlande under Pierre Dumanoir le Pelley.- External links :*...
  
  

Builder: Rochefort

Rochefort, Charente-Maritime

Rochefort is a commune in southwestern France, a port on the Charente estuary. It is a sub-prefecture of the Charente-Maritime department.-History:...

 shipyard

Ordered:

Launched:

Fate: (Renamed Révolution, then Finisterre)

• Pyrrhus

Builder: Rochefort

Rochefort, Charente-Maritime

Rochefort is a commune in southwestern France, a port on the Charente estuary. It is a sub-prefecture of the Charente-Maritime department.-History:...

 shipyard

Ordered:

Launched:

Fate: (Renamed Mont Blanc, 31 Mai, Républicain, HMS Mont Blanc)

• Suffren

Builder: Brest

Brest, France

Brest is a city in the Finistère department in Brittany in northwestern France. Located in a sheltered position not far from the western tip of the Breton peninsula, and the western extremity of metropolitan France, Brest is an important harbour and the second French military port after Toulon...

 shipyard

Ordered:

Launched:

Fate: (Renamed Redoutable) Participated in the Battle of Trafalgar

Battle of Trafalgar

The Battle of Trafalgar was a sea battle fought between the British Royal Navy and the combined fleets of the French Navy and Spanish Navy, during the War of the Third Coalition of the Napoleonic Wars ....

, taken by the British, foundered two days later.

• Thémistocle

Builder: Lorient shipyard

Ordered:

Launched:

Fate:

• Trajan
  French ship Trajan (1792)
  The Trajan was a Téméraire class 74-gun ship of the line of the French Navy.In 1793, Trajan was commissioned in Lorient, under captain Villaret de Joyeuse....
  
  

Builder: Lorient shipyard

Ordered:

Launched:

Fate: (Renamed Gaulois)

• Nestor
  French ship Nestor (1793)
  The Nestor was a 74-gun ship of the line of the French Navy.In the night of the 30th December 1794, Nestor was dismasted due to the poor quality of her masts, and had to return to Brest for repairs. On her journey back, the Nestor met a British frigate under a false flag...
  
  

Builder:

Ordered:

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Fate: (Renamed Cisalpin, Aquilon)

• Pompée
  French ship Pompée (1793)
  Pompée was a Téméraire-class 74-gun ship of the line of the French Navy.During the Siege of Toulon, Captain Poulain, her commanding officer, joined the British. She fled Toulon when the city fell to the French Republicans and sailed to Britain....
  
  

Builder: Toulon shipyard

Ordered:

Launched:

Fate:

• Tigre
  French ship Tigre (1793)
  Tigre was a 74-gun ship of the line of the French Navy.Her first captain was Pierre Jean Van Stabel. When Van Stabel was promoted, she became the flagship of his 6-ship squadron. She notably fought in 1793 to rescue the Sémillante, along with the Jean Bart.Under Jacques Bedout, she took part in...
  
  

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• Tyrannicide
  French ship Tyrannicide (1793)
  Tyrannicide was a 74-gun ship of the line of the French Navy.In 1794, under Alain Joseph Dordelin, she took part in the Glorious First of June...
  
  

Builder:

Ordered:

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Fate: (Renamed Dessaix)

• Barra

Builder:

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Fate: (renamed Pégase, Hoche and HMS Donegal)

• Droits de l'Homme
  French ship Droits de l'Homme (1794)
  The Droits de l'Homme was a 74-gun ship of the line of the French Navy during the French Revolution.The Droits de l'Homme, was involved in the Action of 6 November 1794, chasing the British 74s Canada and Alexander...
  
  

Builder: Lorient shipyard

Ordered:

Launched: May 29, 1794

Fate: Beached January 14, 1797

• Jemmapes
  French ship Jemmapes (1794)
  The Jemmapes was a Téméraire-class 74-gun ship of the line of the French Navy.Laid down as Alexandre, she was renamed Jemmapes on 7 January 1793 in honour of the Battle of Jemappes. She took part in the Atlantic campaign of May 1794 and ultimately in the Glorious First of June...
  
  

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• Lion (Renamed Marat, Formidable)

Builder:

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Fate:

• Wattignies
  French ship Wattignies (1794)
  The Wattignies was a 74-gun ship of the line of the French Navy.She took part in the Expédition d'Irlande in 1798 under captain Antoine René Thévenard.In July 1808, she was converted to a fluyt....
  
  

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• Dix-août

Builder:

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Launched:

Fate: (Renamed Cassard, Brave)

• Jean-Jacques Rousseau
  French ship Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1795)
  The Jean-Jacques Rousseau was a Téméraire class 74-gun ship of the line of the French Navy.In October 1796, under captain Racord, she was part of the Villeneuve's squadron that sailed from Toulon to Brest...
  
  

Builder:

Ordered:

Launched:

Fate: (Renamed Marengo)

• Viala
  French ship Viala (1795)
  The Viala was a 74-gun of the French Navy launched in 1795. She was captured by the Royal Navy in 1806 and sold in 1814.-French service:...
  
  

Builder:

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Fate: (renamed Voltaire, Constitution, Jupiter and HMS Maida)

• Hercule

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• Spartiate

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• Argonaute
  French ship Argonaute (1798)
  The Argonaute was a 74-gun ship of the line of the French Navy.Under Villaret de Joyeuse, she took part in the expedition to Saint Domingue.She took part in the Battle of Trafalgar and managed to return to Cádiz...
  
  

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• Quatorze Juillet

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• Brutus

Builder: Lorient

Ordered: 31 May 1798

Begun: August 1798

Launched: 24 January 1803

Completed: March 1803

Fate: Renamed Impétueux in February 1803. Beached and set ablaze by the British in Chesapeake on 14 September 1806.

• Union
  French ship Union (1799)
  The Union was a Téméraire class 74-gun ship of the line of the French Navy. She was renamed Diomède in 1803. She was wrecked and burnt at the Battle of San Domingo....
  
  

Builder:

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Fate: (renamed Diomède)

• Aigle

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• Duguay-Trouin (ii)

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• Héros

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• Scipion (ii)

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• Magnanime
  French ship Magnanime (1803)
  The Magnanime was a Téméraire-class 74-gun ship of the line of the French Navy.Her keel was laid in June 1802, and she was launched in Rochefort on 18 August 1803.She took part in Allemand's expedition of 1805 under Captain Pierre-Francois Violette...
  
  

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• Achille

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• Lion
  French ship Lion (1803)
  The Lion was a Téméraire-class 74-gun ship of the line of the French Navy.She took part in Allemand's expedition of 1805 under Captain Eleonore-Jean-Nicolas Soleil....
  
  

Builder:

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Fate: (renamed Glorieux andCassard)

• Régulus
  French ship Régulus (1805)
  The Régulus was a Téméraire class 74-gun ship of the line of the French Navy.From 25 May 1801, her armament was upgraded to sport between 80 and 86 guns....
  
  

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• Ajax

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• Courageux
  French ship Courageux (1806)
  The Courageux was a 80-gun ship of the line of the French Navy, lead ship of her class.She was started as Alcide, and renamed in 1802. She was commissioned on 8 April 1806 under Amable Troude. On 16 February 1809, she left Lorient as flagship of a squadron also comprising Polonais and Hautpoult.She...
  
  

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• d'Hautpoult

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• Inflexible

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• Triomphant

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Danube (26 ships)

• Polonais
  French ship Polonais (1808)
  The Polonais was a Téméraire class 74-gun ship of the line of the French Navy.First named Glorieux, she was renamed on 23 February 1807....
  
  

Builder: Lorient

Ordered:

Begun: August 1805

Launched: 25 May 1808

Completed: October 1808

Fate: renamed Lis in April 1814 (resumed Polonais from March until July 1815)

• Tonnerre
  French ship Tonnerre (1808)
  The Tonnerre was a Téméraire class 74-gun ship of the line of the French Navy.Started in 1794, she remained under construction until 1808. Under captain de la Roncière, she joined the Rochefort squadron in February 1809....
  
  

Builder: Brest

Ordered:

Begun: 16 April 1794

Launched: 9 June 1808

Completed: September 1808

Fate:

• Triomphant

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• Danube

Builder: Toulon

Ordered:

Begun: June 1807

Launched: 27 December 1808

Completed: August 1809

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• Ulm

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• Golymin

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• Nestor

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• Marengo

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• Trident
  French ship Trident (1811)
  The Trident was a Téméraire class 74-gun ship of the line of the French Navy.On 13 February 1814, she was part of Julien Cosmao's squadron which was intercepted off Toulon by a British blockade. The Romulus, at the rear, managed to hold off the British ships.In 1823, during the Spanish expedition,...
  
  

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• Trajan

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• Agamemnon

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• Gaulois

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• Romulus
  French ship Romulus (1812)
  The Romulus was a Téméraire class 74-gun ship of the line of the French Navy.In February 1814, under captain Rolland, she sailed from Toulon to Genoa, being part of a division under Julien Cosmao...
  
  

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• Ville de Marseille
  French ship Ville de Marseille (1812)
  The Ville de Marseille was a Téméraire class 74-gun ship of the line of the French Navy.In 1827, she was upgraded to 80 guns. The next year, she took part in operations in Easter Mediterranean under captain Cuvillier....
  
  

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• Scipion
  French ship Scipion (1813)
  The Scipion was a 74-gun Téméraire-class ship of the line of the French Navy.She was commissioned in 1813, captained by Louis François Richard Barthélémy de Saizieu...
  
  

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• Orion

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• Duguay-Trouin

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• Colosse

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• Superbe

Builder: Antwerp

Ordered:

Begun: December 1808

Launched: 5 July 1814

Completed: September 1814

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• Brillant

Builder: Genoa

Ordered:

Begun: February 1812

Launched: 18 April 1815 for the British Navy as HMS Genoa

Completed: 1815

Fate:

• Hercule
  French ship Hercule (1815)
  The Hercule was a Téméraire class 74-gun ship of the line of the French Navy.Her keel was laid down in Toulon in 1812 as Kremlin...
  
  

Builder: Toulon

Ordered:

Begun: September 1812

Launched: 26 May 1815

Completed: August 1815

Fate: renamed Provence in July 1815, then Alger in July 1830.

• Duc de Berry

Builder: Rochefort

Ordered:

Begun: January 1812

Launched: 18 June 1818

Completed: July 1818

Fate: renamed Minerve in January 1832; cut down to a frigate of 58 guns in 1834.

• Jean Bart

Builder: Lorient-Caudan

Ordered:

Begun: July 1811

Launched: 25 August 1820

Completed December 1820

Fate:

• Triton

Builder: Rochefort

Ordered:

Begun: April 1813

Launched: 22 September 1823

Completed: December 1824

Fate:

• Couronne
  French ship Couronne (1824)
  The Couronne was a Téméraire class 74-gun ship of the line of the French Navy.She took part in the Invasion of Algiers in 1830.She was later renamed Barricade, and Duperré after Duperré's death....
  
  

Builder: Brest

Ordered:

Begun: October 1813

Launched: 26 August 1824

Completed: 1825

Fate: renamed Duperré in December 1849.

• Généreux

Builder: Cherbourg

Ordered:

Begun: July 1813

Launched: 23 September 1831

Completed: 1832

Fate:

Three further ships to this design were begun at Castellammare di Stabia

Castellammare di Stabia

Castellammare di Stabia is a comune in the province of Naples, Campania region, southern Italy. It is situated on the Bay of Naples about 30 kilometers southeast of Naples, on the route to Sorrento.-History:...

 for the "puppet" Neapolitan Navy of Joachim Murat:

• Capri

Begun: end 1808

Launched: 21 August 1810

Completed: January 1812

• Gioacchino

Begun: September 1810

Launched: 1 August 1812

Completed: May 1813

• The third ship, laid down in September 1812, was never named, let alone launched, as its construction was abandoned following the defection of the Kingdom of Naples from the Napoléonic cause in November 1813.

Large Variant (Cassard group - 2 ships launched)

Two ships were laid down in 1793-94 at Brest to a variant of Sané's design with the aim of carrying 24-pounder guns on the upper deck instead of the 18-pounders carried by the Téméraire. These ships were 2 feet longer than the standard 74s, and half a foot wider. The first was begun as the Lion, but was renamed Glorieux in 1795 and Cassard in 1798. The second was begun as the Magnanime, but was renamed Quatorze Juillet in 1798 and Vétéran in 1802. Unlike the main sequence, construction proceeded slowly. By 1816 the 24-pounders had been replaced by 18-pounders, and no further ships to this variant design were produced, so indicating that it was not judged successful.

• Vétéran
  French ship Vétéran (1803)
  The Vétéran was a development from the Téméraire class 74-gun ship of the line of the French Navy, one of two ships of a sub-class of which the other vessel was the Cassard...
  
  

Builder: Brest shipyard

Begun: November 1794

Launched: 18 July 1803

Completed: December 1803

Fate: Condemned 1833

• Cassard

Builder: Brest shipyard

Begun: August 1793

Launched: 24 September 1803

Completed: December 1803

Fate: Condemned 1818

Short Variant (Suffren group - 2 ships launched)

Two ships were begun in 1801 to a variation of the standard Téméraire design by Sane to meet the demands of Pierre-Alexandre Forfait. The length of these ships were reduced by 65 cm from the standard design. A third ship to this variant design begun at Brest was cancelled in 1804. After Forfait left the Ministry of the Marine in October 1801, no further vessels were ordered to this variant design.

• Suffren

Builder: Lorient shipyard

Begun: August 1801

Launched: 17 September 1803

Completed: October 1803

Fate: Condemned 1815

• Algésiras

Builder: Lorient shipyard

Begun: August 1801

Launched: 8 July 1804

Completed: September 1804

Fate: Captured 1805 by the British at Trafalgar, but retaken. Captured 1808 by the Spanish at Cadiz.

• Pacificateur

Builder: Brest shipyard

Begun: May 1801

Launched: never launched

Completed: -

Fate: Cancelled February 1804

Small Variant (Pluton group - 24 ships launched)

Starting with the prototypes Pluton and Borée in 1803, a smaller version of the Téméraire class, officially named petit modèle, was designed by Jacques-Noël Sané

Jacques-Noël Sané

Jacques-Noël Sané was a French naval engineer, one of the most successful shipbuilders of the Age of Sail.Sané studied under Duhamel du Monceau...

 to be produced in shipyards having a lesser depth of water than the principal French shipyards, primarily those in neighbouring states under French control and in foreign ports which had been absorbed into the French Empire such as Antwerp. The revised design measured 177 feet 7 inches on the waterline, 180 feet 1 inch on the deck, and 46 feet 11 inches moulded breadth. The depth of hull was 9 inches less than that in the "regular" Téméraire design.

• Pluton

Builder: Toulon shipyard

Ordered: June 1803

Laid down: August 1803

Launched: 17 January 1805

Completed: March 1805.

Fate: Captured by the Spanish at Cadiz in June 1808.

• Borée

Builder: Toulon shipyard

Ordered: June 1803

Laid down: August 1803

Launched: 27 June 1805

Completed: August 1805

Fate: Condemned at Toulon in 1827.

• Two more 74s to the "petit modèle" design were ordered in June 1803, one at Marseille and the other at Bordeaux, but these were not built.

• Génois

Builder: Genoa shipyard

Ordered:

Laid down: July 1803

Launched: 17 August 1805

Completed: November 1805

Fate: Condemned at Rochefort in August 1821, ad broken up there by October 1821.

• Royal Hollandais

Builder: Flushing

Flushing, Netherlands

Vlissingen is a municipality and a city in the southwestern Netherlands on the former island of Walcheren. With its strategic location between the Scheldt river and the North Sea, Vlissingen has been an important harbour for centuries. It was granted city rights in 1315. In the 17th century...

 shipyard

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Fate: Captured on the stocks after the fall of Flushing during the Walcheren Campaign

Walcheren Campaign

The Walcheren Campaign was an unsuccessful British expedition to the Netherlands in 1809 intended to open another front in the Austrian Empire's struggle with France during the War of the Fifth Coalition. Around 40,000 soldiers, 15,000 horses together with field artillery and two siege trains...

 in 1809. Frames taken to England, where she was assembled and launched in 1812 as

• Commerce de Lyon

Builder: Antwerp shipyard

Ordered:

Laid down: November 1803

Launched: 9 April 1807

Completed: March 1808

Fate: Condemned at Brest in February 1819, and broken up there in December 1819.

• Charlemagne

Builder: Antwerp shipyard

Ordered:

Laid down: April 1804

Launched: 8 April 1807

Completed: March 1808

Fate: Ceded to the new Dutch Navy 1 August 1814, renamed Nassau.

• Anversois (renamed Éole in August 1814, then Anversois in March 1815 and back to Éole in July 1815)

Builder: Antwerp shipyard

Ordered:

Laid down: June 1804

Launched: 7 June 1807

Completed: March 1808

Fate: Condemned at Brest in February 1819 and broken up there in December 1819.

• Duguesclin

Builder: Antwerp shipyard

Ordered:

Laid down: July 1804

Launched: 20 June 1807

Completed: March 1808

Fate: Condemned at Lorient in June 1818, and broken up there in January 1820.

• César

Builder: Antwerp shipyard

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• Ville de Berlin

Builder: Antwerp shipyard

Ordered:

Launched: 1807

Fate: Condemned 1819, hulk

• Pultusk

Builder: Antwerp shipyard

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• Dantzig

Builder: Antwerp shipyard

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• Albanais

Builder: Antwerp shipyard

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Begun: April 1807

Launched: 2 October 1808

Completed: April 1809

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• Breslau

Builder: Genoa shipyard

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• Dalmate

Builder: Antwerp shipyard

Ordered:

Begun: August 1806

Launched: 21 August 1808

Completed: April 1809

Fate:

• Rivoli

Builder: Venice shipyard

Ordered:

Launched: 6 September 1810

Fate: captured in the Action of 22 February 1812

Action of 22 February 1812

The Battle of Pirano on 22 February 1812 was a minor naval action of the Adriatic campaign of the Napoleonic Wars fought between a British and a French ship of the line in the vicinity of the town of Piran in Adriatic Sea. The French Rivoli, named for Napoleon's victory 15 years earlier, had been...

.

• Montebello

Builder: Venice shipyard

Ordered:

Launched: not launched

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• Mont Saint-Bernard

Builder: Venice shipyard

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• Régénérateur

Builder: Venice shipyard

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• Audacieux

Builder: Amsterdam shipyard

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• Castiglione

Builder: Venice shipyard

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• Polyphème

Builder: Amsterdam shipyard

Ordered:

Launched: July 1817

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• Royal Italien

Builder: Venice shipyard

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• Couronne

Builder: Amsterdam shipyard

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• Piet Hein

Builder: Rotterdam shipyard

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• Montenotte

Builder: Venice shipyard

Ordered:

Launched: not launched

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• Arcole

Builder: Venice shipyard

Ordered:

Launched: not launched

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• Lombardo

Builder: Venice shipyard

Ordered:

Launched: not launched

Fate:

• Semmering

Builder: Venice shipyard

Ordered:

Launched: not launched

Fate:

• Citoyen

Builder: Trieste shipyard

Ordered: December 1811

Launched: not launched

Fate: Cancelled 1812.

See also

• French ship Téméraire for a list of ships so named in the French Navy
  French Navy
  The French Navy, officially the Marine nationale and often called La Royale is the maritime arm of the French military. It includes a full range of fighting vessels, from patrol boats to a nuclear powered aircraft carrier and 10 nuclear-powered submarines, four of which are capable of launching...
  
  

External links

• Le Redoutable
• La Ville de Marseille