On August 3, 1829, members of the Shawnee Indians and the Seneca Indians signed the Treaty of Lewistown

Lewistown, Ohio

Lewistown is a census-designated place in central Washington Township, Logan County, Ohio, United States. Until the 1829 Treaty of Lewistown, the community was the site of a Shawnee settlement. It said to have been named in honor of “Captain” John Lewis, a Shawnee leader...

with the United States. In this treaty, Senecas

Seneca nation

The Seneca are a group of indigenous people native to North America. They were the nation located farthest to the west within the Six Nations or Iroquois League in New York before the American Revolution. While exact population figures are unknown, approximately 15,000 to 25,000 Seneca live in...

 and Shawnee

Shawnee

The Shawnee, Shaawanwaki, Shaawanooki and Shaawanowi lenaweeki, are an Algonquian-speaking people native to North America. Historically they inhabited the areas of Ohio, Virginia, West Virginia, Western Maryland, Kentucky, Indiana, and Pennsylvania...

s living at Lewistown, Ohio

Lewistown, Ohio

Lewistown is a census-designated place in central Washington Township, Logan County, Ohio, United States. Until the 1829 Treaty of Lewistown, the community was the site of a Shawnee settlement. It said to have been named in honor of “Captain” John Lewis, a Shawnee leader...

, relinquished their claim to the land and joined the rest of the Ohio Senecas already living on a reservation

Indian reservation

An American Indian reservation is an area of land managed by a Native American tribe under the United States Department of the Interior's Bureau of Indian Affairs...

 west of the Mississippi River

Mississippi River

The Mississippi River is the largest river system in North America. Flowing entirely in the United States, this river rises in western Minnesota and meanders slowly southwards for to the Mississippi River Delta at the Gulf of Mexico. With its many tributaries, the Mississippi's watershed drains...

.

The United States

United States

The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...

 government granted this group of about three hundred Indians 60000 acres (242.8 km²) of land in the west and a six thousand dollar advance on the sale of their Ohio lands. In addition, the United States presented the natives with blankets, plows, axes, hoes, rifles, and other supplies.

On July 20, 1831, James B. Gardiner, acting on behalf of U.S. President Andrew Jackson

Andrew Jackson

Andrew Jackson was the seventh President of the United States . Based in frontier Tennessee, Jackson was a politician and army general who defeated the Creek Indians at the Battle of Horseshoe Bend , and the British at the Battle of New Orleans...

, signed the treaty which stipulated, in part: