Tomás Guardia Gutiérrez
Encyclopedia
General Tomás Miguel Guardia Gutiérrez (December 16, 1831–July 6, 1882) was President
of Costa Rica
on two occasions:
from 1870 to 1876, and from 1877 to 1882.
On 27 April 1870 Tomás Guardia was one of a group of army officers who deposed President Jesús Jiménez
. He was the power behind the throne during the very short presidency of his conspirator Bruno Carranza
, whom he replaced after a period of three months.
The following year he enacted Costa Rica's 1871 Constitution, which remained in force until 1948.
On 8 May 1876 he surrendered the presidency to Aniceto Esquivel
. He continued to pull the strings of power during Esquivel's short term in office and that of Esquivel's successor Vicente Herrera
, before reassuming the presidency himself on 11 September 1877. He abolished the death penalty.
He remained in office until his death.
President
A president is a leader of an organization, company, trade union, university, or country.Etymologically, a president is one who presides, who sits in leadership...
of Costa Rica
Costa Rica
Costa Rica , officially the Republic of Costa Rica is a multilingual, multiethnic and multicultural country in Central America, bordered by Nicaragua to the north, Panama to the southeast, the Pacific Ocean to the west and the Caribbean Sea to the east....
on two occasions:
from 1870 to 1876, and from 1877 to 1882.
On 27 April 1870 Tomás Guardia was one of a group of army officers who deposed President Jesús Jiménez
Jesús Jiménez Zamora
Jesús María Ciriaco Jiménez Zamora was President of Costa Rica on two occasions:1863 to 1866, and 1868 to 1870.He was popularly elected in 1863, but dissolved Congress two months into his term of office. During his presidency he granted asylum to former Salvadoran President Gen...
. He was the power behind the throne during the very short presidency of his conspirator Bruno Carranza
Bruno Carranza Ramírez
José Bruno Carranza Ramírez was briefly President of Costa Rica in 1870. Bruno Carranza came to power in the coup d'état of 27 April 1870 that deposed President Jesús Jiménez...
, whom he replaced after a period of three months.
The following year he enacted Costa Rica's 1871 Constitution, which remained in force until 1948.
On 8 May 1876 he surrendered the presidency to Aniceto Esquivel
Aniceto Esquivel Sáenz
Aniceto del Carmen Esquivel Sáenzwas President of Costa Rica for a brief period of three months in 1876 before being deposed in a coup d'état....
. He continued to pull the strings of power during Esquivel's short term in office and that of Esquivel's successor Vicente Herrera
Vicente Herrera Zeledón
Vicente de las Mercedes Herrera Zeledón was President of Costa Rica from 30 July 1876 to 11 September 1877....
, before reassuming the presidency himself on 11 September 1877. He abolished the death penalty.
He remained in office until his death.