Thyrotropin receptor
Encyclopedia
The thyrotropin receptor (or TSH receptor) is a receptor (and associated protein) that responds to thyroid-stimulating hormone
(also known as "thyrotropin") and stimulates the production of thyroxine
(T4) and triiodothyronine
(T3). The TSH receptor is a member of the G protein-coupled receptor
superfamily of integral membrane protein
s and is coupled to the Gs
protein.
It is primarily found on the surface of the thyroid epithelial cell
s.
Thyroid-stimulating hormone
Thyrotrophin-stimulating hormone is a peptide hormone synthesized and secreted by thyrotrope cells in the anterior pituitary gland, which regulates the endocrine function of the thyroid gland.- Physiology :...
(also known as "thyrotropin") and stimulates the production of thyroxine
Thyroxine
Thyroxine, or 3,5,3',5'-tetraiodothyronine , a form of thyroid hormones, is the major hormone secreted by the follicular cells of the thyroid gland.-Synthesis and regulation:...
(T4) and triiodothyronine
Triiodothyronine
Triiodothyronine, C15H12I3NO4, also known as T3, is a thyroid hormone. It affects almost every physiological process in the body, including growth and development, metabolism, body temperature, and heart rate....
(T3). The TSH receptor is a member of the G protein-coupled receptor
G protein-coupled receptor
G protein-coupled receptors , also known as seven-transmembrane domain receptors, 7TM receptors, heptahelical receptors, serpentine receptor, and G protein-linked receptors , comprise a large protein family of transmembrane receptors that sense molecules outside the cell and activate inside signal...
superfamily of integral membrane protein
Integral membrane protein
An integral membrane protein is a protein molecule that is permanently attached to the biological membrane. Proteins that cross the membrane are surrounded by "annular" lipids, which are defined as lipids that are in direct contact with a membrane protein...
s and is coupled to the Gs
Gs alpha subunit
The Gs alpha subunit is a heterotrimeric G protein subunit that activates the cAMP-dependent pathway by activating adenylate cyclase.-Receptors:The G protein-coupled receptors that couple to this kind of G-protein include:...
protein.
It is primarily found on the surface of the thyroid epithelial cell
Thyroid epithelial cell
Thyroid epithelial cells are cells in the thyroid gland that are responsible for the production and secretion of thyroid hormones, that is, thyroxine and triiodothyronine .-Function:...
s.