Thermoanaerobacter
Encyclopedia
Thermoanaerobacter is a genus in the phylum Firmicutes
(Bacteria
). Members of this genus are thermophilic and anaerobic, several of them were previously described as Clostridium
species and members of the now obsolete genera Acetogenium and Thermobacteroides
Greek adjective thermos (θερμός), hot; Greek prefix an (ἄν), not; Greek noun aer, aeros (ἀήρ, ἀέρος), air; New Latin
masculine gender
noun , a rodbacter
, nominally meaning "a rod", but in effect meaning a bacterium, rod; New Latin
masculine gender
noun Thermoanaerobacter, rod which grows in the absence of air at elevated temperatures.
Three members of this genus, T. subterraneus, T. tengcongensis and T. yonseiensis, were reclassified as subspecies of Caldanaerobacter subterraneus
Firmicutes
The Firmicutes are a phylum of bacteria, most of which have Gram-positive cell wall structure. A few, however, such as Megasphaera, Pectinatus, Selenomonas and Zymophilus, have a porous pseudo-outer-membrane that causes them to stain Gram-negative...
(Bacteria
Bacteria
Bacteria are a large domain of prokaryotic microorganisms. Typically a few micrometres in length, bacteria have a wide range of shapes, ranging from spheres to rods and spirals...
). Members of this genus are thermophilic and anaerobic, several of them were previously described as Clostridium
Clostridium
Clostridium is a genus of Gram-positive bacteria, belonging to the Firmicutes. They are obligate anaerobes capable of producing endospores. Individual cells are rod-shaped, which gives them their name, from the Greek kloster or spindle...
species and members of the now obsolete genera Acetogenium and Thermobacteroides
Etymology
The name Thermoanaerobacter derives from:Greek adjective thermos (θερμός), hot; Greek prefix an (ἄν), not; Greek noun aer, aeros (ἀήρ, ἀέρος), air; New Latin
New Latin
The term New Latin, or Neo-Latin, is used to describe the Latin language used in original works created between c. 1500 and c. 1900. Among other uses, Latin during this period was employed in scholarly and scientific publications...
masculine gender
Grammatical gender
Grammatical gender is defined linguistically as a system of classes of nouns which trigger specific types of inflections in associated words, such as adjectives, verbs and others. For a system of noun classes to be a gender system, every noun must belong to one of the classes and there should be...
noun , a rodbacter
-bacter
-Meaning:Bacter is a Neolatin term coined from bacterium, which in turn derives from the Greek βακτήριον, meaning small staff...
, nominally meaning "a rod", but in effect meaning a bacterium, rod; New Latin
New Latin
The term New Latin, or Neo-Latin, is used to describe the Latin language used in original works created between c. 1500 and c. 1900. Among other uses, Latin during this period was employed in scholarly and scientific publications...
masculine gender
Grammatical gender
Grammatical gender is defined linguistically as a system of classes of nouns which trigger specific types of inflections in associated words, such as adjectives, verbs and others. For a system of noun classes to be a gender system, every noun must belong to one of the classes and there should be...
noun Thermoanaerobacter, rod which grows in the absence of air at elevated temperatures.
Species
The genus contains 15 species, namely- T. acetoethylicus ( (Ben-Bassat and Zeikus 1983) Rainey and Stackebrandt 1993, ; LatinLatinLatin is an Italic language originally spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. It, along with most European languages, is a descendant of the ancient Proto-Indo-European language. Although it is considered a dead language, a number of scholars and members of the Christian clergy speak it fluently, and...
noun acetum, vinegar; New LatinNew LatinThe term New Latin, or Neo-Latin, is used to describe the Latin language used in original works created between c. 1500 and c. 1900. Among other uses, Latin during this period was employed in scholarly and scientific publications...
adjective ethylicus, pertaining to ethyl alcohol; New LatinNew LatinThe term New Latin, or Neo-Latin, is used to describe the Latin language used in original works created between c. 1500 and c. 1900. Among other uses, Latin during this period was employed in scholarly and scientific publications...
masculine genderGrammatical genderGrammatical gender is defined linguistically as a system of classes of nouns which trigger specific types of inflections in associated words, such as adjectives, verbs and others. For a system of noun classes to be a gender system, every noun must belong to one of the classes and there should be...
adjective acetoethylicus, intended to mean producing acetic acid and ethanol.) This species, formerly known as Thermobacteroides acetoethylicus, used to be the type species of Thermobacteroides, but was transferred over to the genus Thermoanaerobacter, while the other member of the genus Thermobacteroides, Thermobacteroides proteolyticus was reclassified as Coprothermobacter proteolyticus - T. brockii ( (Zeikus et al. 1983) Lee et al. 1993, ; New LatinNew LatinThe term New Latin, or Neo-Latin, is used to describe the Latin language used in original works created between c. 1500 and c. 1900. Among other uses, Latin during this period was employed in scholarly and scientific publications...
genitive caseLatin declensionLatin is an inflected language, and as such has nouns, pronouns, and adjectives that must be declined in order to serve a grammatical function. A set of declined forms of the same word pattern is called a declension. There are five declensions, which are numbered and grouped by ending and...
noun brockii, of Brock, named for Thomas Dale Brock who pioneered studies on the physiology and ecology of thermophiles.) this species was previously known as Thermoanaerobium brockii - T. ethanolicus ( Wiegel and Ljungdahl 1982, (Type species of the genus).; New LatinNew LatinThe term New Latin, or Neo-Latin, is used to describe the Latin language used in original works created between c. 1500 and c. 1900. Among other uses, Latin during this period was employed in scholarly and scientific publications...
noun ethanol, ethanol; LatinLatinLatin is an Italic language originally spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. It, along with most European languages, is a descendant of the ancient Proto-Indo-European language. Although it is considered a dead language, a number of scholars and members of the Christian clergy speak it fluently, and...
masculine genderGrammatical genderGrammatical gender is defined linguistically as a system of classes of nouns which trigger specific types of inflections in associated words, such as adjectives, verbs and others. For a system of noun classes to be a gender system, every noun must belong to one of the classes and there should be...
suff. -icus, suffix used with the sense of pertaining to; New LatinNew LatinThe term New Latin, or Neo-Latin, is used to describe the Latin language used in original works created between c. 1500 and c. 1900. Among other uses, Latin during this period was employed in scholarly and scientific publications...
masculine genderGrammatical genderGrammatical gender is defined linguistically as a system of classes of nouns which trigger specific types of inflections in associated words, such as adjectives, verbs and others. For a system of noun classes to be a gender system, every noun must belong to one of the classes and there should be...
adjective ethanolicus, indicating the production of ethanol.) - T. italicus ( Kozianowski et al. 1998, ; LatinLatinLatin is an Italic language originally spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. It, along with most European languages, is a descendant of the ancient Proto-Indo-European language. Although it is considered a dead language, a number of scholars and members of the Christian clergy speak it fluently, and...
masculine genderGrammatical genderGrammatical gender is defined linguistically as a system of classes of nouns which trigger specific types of inflections in associated words, such as adjectives, verbs and others. For a system of noun classes to be a gender system, every noun must belong to one of the classes and there should be...
adjective italicus, pertaining to Italy, where the organism was isolated.) - T. kivui ( (Leigh and Wolfe 1983) Collins et al. 1994, ; New LatinNew LatinThe term New Latin, or Neo-Latin, is used to describe the Latin language used in original works created between c. 1500 and c. 1900. Among other uses, Latin during this period was employed in scholarly and scientific publications...
genitive caseLatin declensionLatin is an inflected language, and as such has nouns, pronouns, and adjectives that must be declined in order to serve a grammatical function. A set of declined forms of the same word pattern is called a declension. There are five declensions, which are numbered and grouped by ending and...
noun kivui, pertaining to Kivu, named for its source, Lake Kivu.) This species used to be known as Acetogenium kivui (sole member of the genus) before being transferred - T. mathranii ( Larsen et al. 1998, ;: New LatinNew LatinThe term New Latin, or Neo-Latin, is used to describe the Latin language used in original works created between c. 1500 and c. 1900. Among other uses, Latin during this period was employed in scholarly and scientific publications...
genitive caseLatin declensionLatin is an inflected language, and as such has nouns, pronouns, and adjectives that must be declined in order to serve a grammatical function. A set of declined forms of the same word pattern is called a declension. There are five declensions, which are numbered and grouped by ending and...
noun mathranii, of Mathrani, in honor of the late Indra M. Mathrani, who contributed to the understanding of thermophilic anaerobes from hot springs during his short career.) - T. pseudethanolicus ( Onyenwoke et al. 2007, ; Greek adjective pseudēs, false; New LatinNew LatinThe term New Latin, or Neo-Latin, is used to describe the Latin language used in original works created between c. 1500 and c. 1900. Among other uses, Latin during this period was employed in scholarly and scientific publications...
adjective ethanolicus, a bacteria-specific epithet; New LatinNew LatinThe term New Latin, or Neo-Latin, is used to describe the Latin language used in original works created between c. 1500 and c. 1900. Among other uses, Latin during this period was employed in scholarly and scientific publications...
masculine genderGrammatical genderGrammatical gender is defined linguistically as a system of classes of nouns which trigger specific types of inflections in associated words, such as adjectives, verbs and others. For a system of noun classes to be a gender system, every noun must belong to one of the classes and there should be...
adjective pseudethanolicus, a false (Thermoanaerobacter) ethanolicus.) - T. siderophilus ( Slobodkin et al. 1999, ; Greek noun sideros, iron; New LatinNew LatinThe term New Latin, or Neo-Latin, is used to describe the Latin language used in original works created between c. 1500 and c. 1900. Among other uses, Latin during this period was employed in scholarly and scientific publications...
adjective philus from Greek adjective philos (φίλος) meaning friend, loving; New LatinNew LatinThe term New Latin, or Neo-Latin, is used to describe the Latin language used in original works created between c. 1500 and c. 1900. Among other uses, Latin during this period was employed in scholarly and scientific publications...
masculine genderGrammatical genderGrammatical gender is defined linguistically as a system of classes of nouns which trigger specific types of inflections in associated words, such as adjectives, verbs and others. For a system of noun classes to be a gender system, every noun must belong to one of the classes and there should be...
adjective siderophilus, iron-loving.) - T. sulfurigignens ( Lee et al. 2007, ; LatinLatinLatin is an Italic language originally spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. It, along with most European languages, is a descendant of the ancient Proto-Indo-European language. Although it is considered a dead language, a number of scholars and members of the Christian clergy speak it fluently, and...
noun sulfur, sulfur; LatinLatinLatin is an Italic language originally spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. It, along with most European languages, is a descendant of the ancient Proto-Indo-European language. Although it is considered a dead language, a number of scholars and members of the Christian clergy speak it fluently, and...
participle adjective gignens, producing; New LatinNew LatinThe term New Latin, or Neo-Latin, is used to describe the Latin language used in original works created between c. 1500 and c. 1900. Among other uses, Latin during this period was employed in scholarly and scientific publications...
participle adjective sulfurigignens, sulfur-producing.) - T. sulfurophilus ( Bonch-Osmolovskaya 1998, ; LatinLatinLatin is an Italic language originally spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. It, along with most European languages, is a descendant of the ancient Proto-Indo-European language. Although it is considered a dead language, a number of scholars and members of the Christian clergy speak it fluently, and...
noun sulfur, sulfur; New LatinNew LatinThe term New Latin, or Neo-Latin, is used to describe the Latin language used in original works created between c. 1500 and c. 1900. Among other uses, Latin during this period was employed in scholarly and scientific publications...
adjective philus from Greek adjective philos (φίλος) meaning friend, loving; New LatinNew LatinThe term New Latin, or Neo-Latin, is used to describe the Latin language used in original works created between c. 1500 and c. 1900. Among other uses, Latin during this period was employed in scholarly and scientific publications...
masculine genderGrammatical genderGrammatical gender is defined linguistically as a system of classes of nouns which trigger specific types of inflections in associated words, such as adjectives, verbs and others. For a system of noun classes to be a gender system, every noun must belong to one of the classes and there should be...
adjective sulfurophilus, liking elemental sulfur.) - T. thermocopriae ( (Jin et al. 1988) Collins et al. 1994, ; Greek noun thermē (θέρμη), heat; Greek noun kopria, dunghill; New LatinNew LatinThe term New Latin, or Neo-Latin, is used to describe the Latin language used in original works created between c. 1500 and c. 1900. Among other uses, Latin during this period was employed in scholarly and scientific publications...
genitive caseLatin declensionLatin is an inflected language, and as such has nouns, pronouns, and adjectives that must be declined in order to serve a grammatical function. A set of declined forms of the same word pattern is called a declension. There are five declensions, which are numbered and grouped by ending and...
noun thermocopriae, of heat compost.) This species was formerly known as Clostridium thermocopriae - T. thermohydrosulfuricus ( (Klaushofer and Parkkinen 1965) Lee et al. 1993, ; Greek adjective thermos (θερμός), hot; New LatinNew LatinThe term New Latin, or Neo-Latin, is used to describe the Latin language used in original works created between c. 1500 and c. 1900. Among other uses, Latin during this period was employed in scholarly and scientific publications...
masculine genderGrammatical genderGrammatical gender is defined linguistically as a system of classes of nouns which trigger specific types of inflections in associated words, such as adjectives, verbs and others. For a system of noun classes to be a gender system, every noun must belong to one of the classes and there should be...
adjective hydrosulfuricus, pertaining to hydrogen sulfide; New LatinNew LatinThe term New Latin, or Neo-Latin, is used to describe the Latin language used in original works created between c. 1500 and c. 1900. Among other uses, Latin during this period was employed in scholarly and scientific publications...
masculine genderGrammatical genderGrammatical gender is defined linguistically as a system of classes of nouns which trigger specific types of inflections in associated words, such as adjectives, verbs and others. For a system of noun classes to be a gender system, every noun must belong to one of the classes and there should be...
adjective thermohydrosulfuricus, indicating that the organism grows at high temperatures and reduces sulfite to H2S.), this species also used to be Clostridium thermohydrosulfuricum - T. uzonensis ( Wagner et al. 2008, ; New LatinNew LatinThe term New Latin, or Neo-Latin, is used to describe the Latin language used in original works created between c. 1500 and c. 1900. Among other uses, Latin during this period was employed in scholarly and scientific publications...
masculine genderGrammatical genderGrammatical gender is defined linguistically as a system of classes of nouns which trigger specific types of inflections in associated words, such as adjectives, verbs and others. For a system of noun classes to be a gender system, every noun must belong to one of the classes and there should be...
adjective uzonensis, pertaining to the Uzon Caldera, Kamchatka, Far East Russia.) - T. wiegelii ( Cook et al. 1996, ; New LatinNew LatinThe term New Latin, or Neo-Latin, is used to describe the Latin language used in original works created between c. 1500 and c. 1900. Among other uses, Latin during this period was employed in scholarly and scientific publications...
genitive caseLatin declensionLatin is an inflected language, and as such has nouns, pronouns, and adjectives that must be declined in order to serve a grammatical function. A set of declined forms of the same word pattern is called a declension. There are five declensions, which are numbered and grouped by ending and...
noun wiegelii, of Juergen Wiegel, in recognition of his contributions to the study of thermophilic anaerobes.)
Three members of this genus, T. subterraneus, T. tengcongensis and T. yonseiensis, were reclassified as subspecies of Caldanaerobacter subterraneus