The Hucksters
Encyclopedia
The Hucksters is a 1947 MGM film directed by Jack Conway
Jack Conway (film-maker)
Jack Ryan Conway was a film director and film producer, as well as an actor of many films in the first half of the 20th century....

 and starring Clark Gable
Clark Gable
William Clark Gable , known as Clark Gable, was an American film actor most famous for his role as Rhett Butler in the 1939 Civil War epic film Gone with the Wind, in which he starred with Vivien Leigh...

 that marked the debut of Deborah Kerr
Deborah Kerr
Deborah Kerr, CBE was a Scottish film and television actress from Glasgow. She won the Sarah Siddons Award for her Chicago performance as Laura Reynolds in Tea and Sympathy, a role which she originated on Broadway, a Golden Globe Award for the motion picture The King and I, and was a three-time...

 in an American film. It also featured Sydney Greenstreet
Sydney Greenstreet
Sydney Hughes Greenstreet was an English actor. He is best known for his Warner Bros. films with Humphrey Bogart and Peter Lorre, which include The Maltese Falcon and Casablanca .-Biography:...

, Adolphe Menjou
Adolphe Menjou
Adolphe Jean Menjou was an American actor. His career spanned both silent films and talkies, appearing in such films as The Sheik, A Woman of Paris, Morocco, and A Star is Born...

, Keenan Wynn
Keenan Wynn
Keenan Wynn was an American character actor. His bristling mustache and expressive face were his stock in trade, and though he rarely had a lead role, he got prominent billing in most of his film and TV parts....

, Edward Arnold
Edward Arnold (actor)
Edward Arnold was an American actor. He was born on the Lower East Side of New York City as Gunther Edward Arnold Schneider, the son of German immigrants Carl Schneider and Elizabeth Ohse.-Acting career:...

 and Ava Gardner
Ava Gardner
Ava Lavinia Gardner was an American actress.She was signed to a contract by MGM Studios in 1941 and appeared mainly in small roles until she drew attention with her performance in The Killers . She became one of Hollywood's leading actresses, considered one of the most beautiful women of her day...

. The film is based on the novel
Novel
A novel is a book of long narrative in literary prose. The genre has historical roots both in the fields of the medieval and early modern romance and in the tradition of the novella. The latter supplied the present generic term in the late 18th century....

 The Hucksters by Frederic Wakeman, Sr.

Plot

Victor Norman (Clark Gable) is a radio advertising executive just back from World War II and looking for a job in his old field. He literally throws his money out the hotel window, telling the hotel valet that being down to his last fifty dollars "will help me seem sincere about not needing a job." On his way to his interview, he stops and spends thirty-five of those dollars on a "sincere" hand-painted necktie.

His appointment is at the Kimberly Advertising Agency, with Mr. Kimberly himself. As the two size each other up, they are interrupted by a phone call from Evan Llewellyn Evans (Sydney Greenstreet), the tyrannical, high-volume chief of the Beautee Soap company, the agency's biggest account. The call throws the staff into turmoil and derails Vic's interview, so he offers to perform an unpleasant task for Kimberly: recruit Mrs. Kay Dorrance (Deborah Kerr) for a Beautee soap campaign featuring New York socialites.

At the elegant Dorrance townhouse he misrepresents himself as being from the "Charity League" and charms Kay into agreeing, but when they arrive at the photo shoot, the Beautee art director produces a layout featuring "a loose and flouncy" negligee. Vic overrules the concept and directs a dignified shoot of Kay, in an evening gown, flanked by her children.

In the next day's maelstrom, Vic and "Kim" are summoned to Beautee's offices where they are confronted by Mr. Evans, whose first action is to expectorate heartily onto his conference table. He summarizes his philosophy on advertising: "You have just seen me do a disgusting thing. But you will always remember it!" He confronts Vic about the change to his Dorrance ad, and Vic tells him that "Beautee soap is a clean product—and your advertisement is not clean." When Kim plays the radio commercial Vic produced overnight—"Love That Soap"—Evans likes it and directs Kim to hire Vic. "You have your teeth in our problems," he says, removing and brandishing his own dentures.
Vic finds himself attracted to Kay. When the two double-date with Mr. and Mrs. Kimberly, a belligerently drunken Kim confesses that he started his agency by overthrowing his old mentor and snaking the Beautee soap account. Vic arranges an above-board weekend getaway for the couple at one of his old pre-war haunts in Connecticut; Kay arrives and finds that the place has slipped under its new owner and that they have been booked into adjoining rooms with a connecting door. She leaves, vowing never to see Vic again.

Evans summons Vic and Kim to a rare Sunday "chat-chat" and reveals he wants a new radio variety show built around C-list comedian Buddy Hare (Keenan Wynn). He chastises the two ad men for his having to do their work for them, informing them that Hare's agent Dave Lash (Edward Arnold) will be leaving for the coast on that evening's train. Vic will try to ink a deal on board, before word of Evans's interest leaks out and boosts Hare's price. On the way to the station, he stops at Kay's house, but she is remote: "You'll make any promise to make your point," and he says, "That's the kind of guy I am." He takes his leave for the train; it is a difficult parting for them both.
On the train, Vic bumps into an old flame, singer Jean Ogilvie (Ava Gardner). He recruits her for his plan to sign a deal for Hare: with Ogilvie as his shill, he gets agent Lash to offer Hare at a bargain basement price. They shake on the deal, and when Lash realizes he has been had, he graciously agrees to honor it.

Once in Hollywood, Vic and his writers set about creating the radio show; early on, they ban Hare from the proceedings because his contributions are such cliches. One night, Vic is surprised to find Kay in the shadows outside his bungalow, there to try to patch things up. She is successful—Vic starts talking marriage, and seeing himself as a breadwinner for Kay and her children.

Trouble intervenes, though, when a legal technicality overrides the talent contract for Buddy Hare. It was Dave Lash's honest mistake, but Vic uses cruel innuendo about Lash's childhood and implied backmail to get the agent to eat the cost difference himself. Vic immediately regrets the tactic, and Lash's wounded demeanor makes him feel even shabbier.

Back in New York with show in hand, Vic and Kim play the recording for Evans. The newly-compliant Vic—now with thoughts of a family to feed—finds himself playing the groveling role that Evans requires of his subordinates, and realizes it is not for him. Even though Evans liked the show, Vic gets up, pours water over Evans's head, tells him he's "all wet," and strides out of the room.

Outside in Kay's car, Vic tells her their marriage will have to wait until he can regain his earning power. She replies that money, at least "big money," isn't important—that he "can sell things with dignity and taste." He reaches in his pocket, fetches out the money there, and hurls it up the street. "Now we're starting with exactly nothing," he says, "it's neater that way."

Cast

  • Clark Gable as Victor Albee Norman
  • Deborah Kerr as Kay Dorrance
  • Sydney Greenstreet as Evan Llewellyn Evans
  • Adolphe Menjou as Mr. Kimberly
  • Ava Gardner as Jean Ogilvie
  • Keenan Wynn
    Keenan Wynn
    Keenan Wynn was an American character actor. His bristling mustache and expressive face were his stock in trade, and though he rarely had a lead role, he got prominent billing in most of his film and TV parts....

     as Buddy Hare
  • Edward Arnold
    Edward Arnold (actor)
    Edward Arnold was an American actor. He was born on the Lower East Side of New York City as Gunther Edward Arnold Schneider, the son of German immigrants Carl Schneider and Elizabeth Ohse.-Acting career:...

     as David Lash
  • Aubrey Mather
    Aubrey Mather
    Aubrey Mather was an English character actor.Mather began his career on the stage in 1905. He debuted in London in Brewster's Millions in 1909 and on Broadway ten years later in Luck of the Navy. He eventually branched out to films, starting with Young Woodley in 1930...

     as Mr. Glass
  • Richard Gaines as Cooke
  • Frank Albertson
    Frank Albertson
    Frank Albertson was an American character actor who made his debut in a minor part in Hollywood at age 13....

     as Max Herman
  • Douglas Fowley
    Douglas Fowley
    Douglas Fowley was an American movie and television actor.Fowley was born Daniel Vincent Fowley in The Bronx, New York. The 5'11" actor is probably best remembered for his role as the movie director Roscoe Dexter in Singin' in the Rain . The actor appeared in over 240 films and later in dozens of...

     as Georgie Gaver
  • Clinton Sundberg
    Clinton Sundberg
    Clinton Sundberg was a stage and film character actor.Sundberg was born in Appleton, Minnesota on December 7, with sources differing on his year of birth...

     as Michael Michaelson
  • Gloria Holden
    Gloria Holden
    -Early life:Gloria Holden came to America as a child. She attended school in Wayne, Pennsylvania, and later studied at the American Academy of Dramatic Arts in New York City.-Theater:...

     as Mrs. Kimberly
  • Connie Gilchrist
    Connie Gilchrist
    Connie Gilchrist was a stage, film and television character actress.Born Rose Constance Gilchrist in Brooklyn, New York...

     as Betty
  • Kathryn Card
    Kathryn Card
    Kathryn Card was an American radio, television and film actress who may be best remembered for her role as Mrs. McGillicuddy, Lucy's mother on I Love Lucy....

     as Regina Kennedy
  • Lillian Bronson as Miss Hammer
  • Vera Marshe as Gloria
  • Ralph Bunker as Allison
  • Virginia Dale
    Virginia Dale
    Virginia Dale was an American film actress.She was born in Charlotte, North Carolina. She appeared in a number of movies in the 1930s and 1940s, including Holiday Inn, and became particularly associated with musicals. She left the movie business for almost three decades before returning to the...

     as Kimberly Receptionist
  • Jimmy Conlin
    Jimmy Conlin
    Jimmy Conlin was an American character actor who appeared in almost 150 films in his 32 year career.-Career:...

     as Blake

Production

Frederic Wakeman's 1946 novel The Hucksters spent a year in the top stratum of the bestseller list, aided perhaps by its raunchy, racy controversy. Life
Life
Life is a characteristic that distinguishes objects that have signaling and self-sustaining processes from those that do not, either because such functions have ceased , or else because they lack such functions and are classified as inanimate...

magazine called the book "last year's best-selling travesty" and even Clark Gable, who would eventually star in its film adaptation, said "It's filthy and it isn't entertainment." Life's and Gable's literary sensibilities to the contrary, Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer paid $200,000 for the motion picture rights before the novel was even published.

Screenwriter Luther Davis
Luther Davis
Luther Davis was an American play- and screenwriter. He attended Culver Academies, received a BA from Yale and rose to the rank of major in the US Air Force...

 and novel adapters Edward Choderov and George Wells
George Wells (screenwriter)
George Wells was an American screenwriter.Along with co-writer Harry Tugend, Wells was nominated for the 1950 Writers Guild of America Award in the category of "Best Written American Musical" for Take Me Out to the Ball Game. They lost to Betty Comden and Adolph Green, for On the Town.-External...

 had "an extensive laundering job" to do to bring the project into compliance with Louis B. Mayer
Louis B. Mayer
Louis Burt Mayer born Lazar Meir was an American film producer. He is generally cited as the creator of the "star system" within Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer in its golden years. Known always as Louis B...

's tastes and the Hays Office's policies. Obviously they had to eliminate the graphic (for 1946) sexual scenes, and they changed the book's Mrs. Dorrance from a married lady into a war widow—so she and Vic "could live happily ever after." More problematic, though, was the portrayal of talent agent David Lash, a pivotal character in the second half of the film. Lash was based on real-life mega-agent Jules Stein, the founder of powerhouse talent agency MCA, and Lash's Hucksters protégé bore an undeniable physical resemblance to Lew Wasserman
Lew Wasserman
Lewis Robert "Lew" Wasserman was an American talent agent and studio executive, sometimes credited with creating and later taking apart the studio system in a career spanning more than six decades...

, Stein's protégé in 1946 who would eventually head MCA himself.

Even in 1947, there were "fears about reprisals from MCA" over the portrayals of Stein and Wasserman, and Vic avers on several occasions that "Dave Lash is an honest man" when the dispute arises over the Buddy Hare contract. The other problem was Lash/Stein's ethnicity: in the novel, Vic tells Lash people will call his honesty into question because he is a Jew; Davis removed all references to Lash's ethnicity and made him a kid who had been in trouble but had "gone straight" and succeeded.

Once the toned-down screenplay was finished and Mr. Gable's comfortability with it secured, producer Arthur Hornblow, Jr.
Arthur Hornblow, Jr.
Arthur Hornblow, Jr. was an American film producer. His father, Arthur Hornblow , was a noted playwright.-Biography:...

 made his final casting decisions and "assembled an exceptional supporting cast" including veteran character actors Greenstreet, Menjou and Arnold, up-and-comer Keenan Wynn and "still-unknown Ava Gardner." MGM top brass had selected The Hucksters as the debut Hollywood film for British actress Deborah Kerr, who had drawn attention in ten British films since 1941, and that caused production to be "rushed by [Louis B.] Mayer, who wanted to release it the following August, trying to revive Gable's name after the flop of [Adventure
Adventure
An adventure is defined as an exciting or unusual experience; it may also be a bold, usually risky undertaking, with an uncertain outcome. The term is often used to refer to activities with some potential for physical danger, such as skydiving, mountain climbing and or participating in extreme sports...

,] his last film and launching Deborah's in Hollywood."

As the start day neared, Ava Gardner suddenly got cold feet about co-starring with an actor she had idolized since childhood. Hornblow asked Gable to call her, and he told her: "I'm supposed to talk you into doing this thing. But I'm not going to. I hated it when they did that to me. But I hope you change your mind, kid, I think it would be fun to work together." The two remained friends for life.

Gable also sought to make a nervous Kerr feel relaxed when shooting commenced. He sent her six dozen roses on the first day, and "the two hit it off beautifully from the beginning, on and off the set."

Director Jack Conway, an MGM veteran with credits stretching back to the silent era, brought this, his penultimate film, in on Mayer's August 1947 timetable. His budget had been $2.3 million dollars.

Critical reception

Although Louis B. Mayer had chosen carefully—and spent lavishly—on a property to launch Deborah Kerr and re-launch Clark Gable after his wartime absence from the screen, The Hucksters was not well-received by contemporary critics, and was held at arm's length by the moviegoing public.

Life magazine, which had excoriated the Wakeman novel, didn't miss a beat when it said: "The movie version of the famous attack on the advertising business fails to live up to its own ads" and called it "[a] cynically exaggerated study of big business and big advertising."
Bosley Crowther
Bosley Crowther
Bosley Crowther was a journalist and author who was film critic for The New York Times for 27 years. His reviews and articles helped shape the careers of actors, directors and screenwriters, though his reviews, at times, were unnecessarily mean...

 wrote in The New York Times
The New York Times
The New York Times is an American daily newspaper founded and continuously published in New York City since 1851. The New York Times has won 106 Pulitzer Prizes, the most of any news organization...

that it was simply too much Gable. "[U]nless you like Clark Gable very much, you are going to find him monotonous in this hour-and-fifty-five-minute film... [he] is off the screen for all of five minutes—maybe eight. The rest of the time, he's on." He liked Deborah Kerr rather more: "We could do with a little more of her. Not that her rather radiant passion for this well-tailored roughneck makes much sense, but Miss Kerr is a very soothing person and she elevates the tone of the film." He saved his biggest praise for Greenstret and Menjou, calling their contributions "entertaining and fascinating."

Variety
Variety (magazine)
Variety is an American weekly entertainment-trade magazine founded in New York City, New York, in 1905 by Sime Silverman. With the rise of the importance of the motion-picture industry, Daily Variety, a daily edition based in Los Angeles, California, was founded by Silverman in 1933. In 1998, the...

was lukewarm on both Gable and Kerr. "Somehow Clark Gable just doesn't quite take hold of the huckster part in signal manner. Same goes for Deborah Kerr who is a shade prissy for her volatile romantic role." Like the Times, they were more enthusiastic about the supporting cast: "Sydney Greenstreet's portrayal of the soap despot emerges as the performance of the picture, as does Keenan Wynn as the ham ex-burlesque candy butcher gone radio comic. Ava Gardner is thoroughly believable as the on-the-make songstress; Adolphe Menjou is the harassed head of the radio agency which caters to Evans' whilom ways because it's a $10 million account." Finally, there was an observation, politely put, that no doubt crossed the minds of many 1947 moviegoers: "Gable looks trim and fit but somehow a shade too mature for the capricious role of the huckster who talks his way into a $35,000 job [and] is a killer with the femmes...."
Indeed, Gable's interaction with the two females in the story generated commentary. When it came to the romance between Vic and Kay, Life magazine stuck to its negative guns: "The love story is stupefyingly dull. Opposite the ladylike Deborah, Clark Gable's mannered virility seems embarrassing—something that never happened to him alongside such tough Tessies as Joan Crawford and Jean Harlow in his greater days." But others applauded Kerr and the pairing: The Hollywood Reporter called Kerr "a charming English star... a delightful personality in her American debut." The New York Herald-Tribune called the Gable-Kerr pairing "ideal", saying "she made an impressive bow on the U.S. screen."
Ava Gardner biographer Lee Server
Lee Server
Lee Server is an American writer. Server has written several books aboutHollywood cinema and pulp fiction. He is a graduate of New York University Film School...

 noted the chemistry between Vic and his old flame Jean Ogilvie: Gable and Gardner "proved to be a wonderful pairing, with an on-screen spark between them that revealed their genuine amusement and easy pleasure in each other's company."

Despite the best-selling longevity of its source novel, The Hucksters finished only 12th at the box office for 1947, earning but $4.7 million. Topping that list was another soldiers-come-home tale, The Best Years of Our Lives
The Best Years of Our Lives
The Best Years of Our Lives is a 1946 American drama film directed by William Wyler, and starring Fredric March, Myrna Loy, Dana Andrews, Teresa Wright, and Harold Russell, a United States paratrooper who lost both hands in a military training accident. The film is about three United States...

, earning more than twice that. Author Denise Mann suggests that Vic Norman's unsavory side might have held The Hucksters back: "Clark Gable's unheroic ad-man as post-war returning hero may have contributed to the smaller returns." It also "was a total failure in the foreign market, which in those days knew nothing about American advertising or commercial broadcasting."

Judgment about The Hucksters has mellowed over the years. Halliwell's Film Guide
Leslie Halliwell
Robert James Leslie Halliwell was a British film encyclopaedist and television impresario who in 1965 compiled The Filmgoer's Companion, the first one-volume encyclopaedia devoted to all aspects of the cinema. He followed it a dozen years later with Halliwell's Film Guide, another monumental work...

 calls it "good topical entertainment which still entertains and gives a good impression of its period", also praising the performance of Greenstreet. The current New York Times capsule summary calls it "one of Clark Gable's best postwar films, as well as one of the finest Hollywood satires of the rarefied world of advertising."

Home video

The VHS editions of The Hucksters are long out-of-print. Its first DVD release was finally announced in August 2011 as part of the Warner Archive Collection
Warner Archive Collection
The Warner Archive Collection is a manufactured-on-demand DVD series. It was started by Warner Home Video on March 23, 2009 with the intention of putting previously unreleased back catalog films on DVD for the first time ever. Using recordable DVDs, they custom burn discs for each order rather than...

.

External links

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