Taxonomy of the Phyllanthaceae
Encyclopedia
Here is a full taxonomy
of the family
Phyllanthaceae
. Its circumscription is nearly coincident to that of ex-subfamily Phyllanthoideae of the Euphorbiaceae
, where this family was split from. The exceptions are that the ex-tribe Drypeteae has become family Putranjivaceae
, and the genus Centroplacus
, which previously constituted tribe Centroplaceae, is now part of the Pandaceae
.
Tribe Amanoeae
There are 2 genera:
Tribe Antidesmeae
There are 5 subtribes and 19 genera:
Subtribe Antidesminae:
Subtribe Porantherinae:
Subtribe Scepinae:
Subtribe Spondianthinae:
Subtribe Uapacinae:
Tribe Bridelieae
There are 2 genera:
Tribe Phyllantheae
There are 6 subtribes and 18 genera:
Subtribe Andrachinae:
Subtribe Astrocasiinae:
Subtribe Flueggeinae:
Subtribe Leptopinae:
Subtribe Pseudolachnostylidinae:
Subtribe Securineginae:
Tribe Wielandieae
It comprises 10 genera:
Taxonomy
Taxonomy is the science of identifying and naming species, and arranging them into a classification. The field of taxonomy, sometimes referred to as "biological taxonomy", revolves around the description and use of taxonomic units, known as taxa...
of the family
Family (biology)
In biological classification, family is* a taxonomic rank. Other well-known ranks are life, domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, genus, and species, with family fitting between order and genus. As for the other well-known ranks, there is the option of an immediately lower rank, indicated by the...
Phyllanthaceae
Phyllanthaceae
Phyllanthaceae is a family of flowering plants in the eudicot order Malpighiales. It is most closely related to the family Picrodendraceae. The Phyllanthaceae are most numerous in the tropics, with many in the south temperate zone, and a few ranging as far north as the middle of the north temperate...
. Its circumscription is nearly coincident to that of ex-subfamily Phyllanthoideae of the Euphorbiaceae
Euphorbiaceae
Euphorbiaceae, the Spurge family are a large family of flowering plants with 300 genera and around 7,500 species. Most are herbs, but some, especially in the tropics, are also shrubs or trees. Some are succulent and resemble cacti....
, where this family was split from. The exceptions are that the ex-tribe Drypeteae has become family Putranjivaceae
Putranjivaceae
The rosid family Putranjivaceae is composed of about 210 species of evergreen tropical trees distributed into 4 genera. Members of this family have 2-ranked coriaceous leaves, which, if fresh, typically have a radish-like or peppery taste. The flowers are fasciculate and usually small, and the...
, and the genus Centroplacus
Centroplacus
Centroplacus is a genus of the family Centroplacaceae. It was formerly classified in the Phyllanthaceae and given its own tribe, the Centroplaceae....
, which previously constituted tribe Centroplaceae, is now part of the Pandaceae
Pandaceae
The family Pandaceae consists of three genera that were formerly recognized in the Euphorbiaceae. Those are:*Galearia...
.
Tribe AmanoeaeAmanoeaeAmanoeae is a tribe of the family Phyllanthaceae. It comprises 2 genera....
There are 2 genera:
- AmanoaAmanoaAmanoa is a neotropical genus from the family Phyllanthaceae. It consists of trees or shrubs, occurring in the tropical rainforests of South America and Africa.-Synonymy:This genus is equally known as:*Micropetalum Poit. ex Baill....
(also called Micropetalum) - PentabrachionPentabrachionPentabrachion is a plant genus from the family Phyllanthaceae....
Tribe AntidesmeaeAntidesmeaeAntidesmeae is a tribe of the family Phyllanthaceae. It comprises 5 subtribes and 19 genera....
There are 5 subtribes and 19 genera:Subtribe Antidesminae:
- AntidesmaAntidesmaAntidesma is a species of tropical plant in the Phyllanthaceae. This is a variable plant which may be short and shrubby or tall and erect, approaching 30 meters in height.It has large oval shaped leathery evergreen leaves up to about 20 centimeters long and seven wide. The flowers have a strong,...
(also Bestram, Coulejia, Minutalia, Rhytis, Rubina, Stilago) - CelianellaCelianellaCelianella is a genus of flowering plant belonging to the family Phyllanthaceae. Its isotype is Celianella montana....
- HieronymaHieronymaHieronyma is a genus belonging to the plant family Phyllanthaceae. This family was formerly united with spurges, crotons, copperleaves, etc , but have turned out to be well distinct....
(also Hieronima, Hyeronima, Stilaginella) - LeptonemaLeptonemaLeptonema is a genus of flowering plant belonging to the family Phyllanthaceae....
- ThecacorisThecacorisThecacoris is a genus of flowering plant belonging to the family Phyllanthaceae.-Synonyms:*Baccaureopsis Pax*Cyathogyne Müll.Arg.*Henribaillonia Kuntze...
(also Baccaureopsis, Cyathogyne, Henribaillonia)
Subtribe Porantherinae:
- OreoporantheraOreoporantheraOreoporanthera is a genus of flowering plant belonging to the family Phyllanthaceae.It contains at least two species, Oreoporanthera alpina and Oreoporanthera petalifera....
- PorantheraPorantheraPoranthera is a genus of flowering plant belonging to the family Phyllanthaceae. It is one of eight genera in the tribe Poranthereae. Its closest relative is Pseudophyllanthus....
Subtribe Scepinae:
- ApodiscusApodiscusApodiscus is a genus of flowering plant belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae....
- AporosaAporosaAporosa is a genus of flowering plant belonging to the family Phyllanthaceae. The genus comprises about 75 species, distributed from Indomalaya to the Solomon Islands.-Synonymy:The genus is also known as:*Aporusa Blume, orth...
(also Aporusa, Leiocarpus, Lepidostachys, Scepa, Tetractinostigma) - AshtoniaAshtoniaAshtonia is a genus of flowering plant belonging to the family Phyllanthaceae. It comprises 2 species, found in the Malay Peninsula and Borneo....
- BaccaureaBaccaureaBaccaurea is a genus of flowering plant belonging to the family Phyllanthaceae. The genus comprises over 100 species, distributed from Indomalesia to the West Pacific.- Selected species :...
(also Adenocrepis, Calyptroon, Coccomelia, Everettiodendron, Gatnaia, Hedycarpus, Microsepala, Pierardia) - DistichirhopsDistichirhopsDistichirhops is a genus of flowering plant belonging to the family Phyllanthaceae. The genus comprises 3 species, found in the secondary forests of New Guinea and Borneo. The taxon name comes from Greek , referring to its distichous leaf arrangement and shrubby habit....
- Jablonskia
- MaesobotryaMaesobotryaMaesobotrya is a genus of flowering plant belonging to the family Phyllanthaceae.-Synonymy:The genus is also known as:*Staphysora Pierre...
(also Staphysora) - NothobaccaureaNothobaccaureaNothobaccaurea is a genus of flowering plant belonging to the family Phyllanthaceae, comprising 2 species found in the Pacific. The genus is named for its false resemblance with Baccaurea....
- ProtomegabariaProtomegabariaProtomegabaria is a genus of flowering plant belonging to the family Phyllanthaceae....
- RicheriaRicheriaRicheria is a genus of flowering plant belonging to the family Phyllanthaceae.-Synonyms:*Bellevalia Roem. & Schult.*Guarania Wedd. ex Baill....
(also Bellevalia, Guarania)
Subtribe Spondianthinae:
- SpondianthusSpondianthusSpondianthus is a genus of plant, in the family Phyllanthaceae and is the only genus comprised in the subtribe Spondianthinae. The genus is found in tropical Africa....
(also Megabaria)
Subtribe Uapacinae:
- UapacaUapacaUapaca is a genus of plant, in the family Phyllanthaceae and is the only genus comprised in the subtribe Uapacinae. It comprises about 60 species, of which 49 are confined to continental Africa.-Synonyms:This genus is also known as:...
(also Canariastrum)
Tribe Bischofieae
There is only one genus:- Bischofia (also Microelus, Stylodiscus)
Tribe BridelieaeBridelieaeBridelieae is a tribe of the family Phyllanthaceae. It comprises 2 genera....
There are 2 genera:
- BrideliaBrideliaBridelia is a plant genus of the family Phyllanthaceae. This genus comprises approximately between 60 and 70 species, found from Africa, Australia and Asia....
(also Candelabria, Gentilia, Pentameria, Tzellemtinia) - CleistanthusCleistanthusCleistanthus is a plant genus of the family Phyllanthaceae. The genus comprises 140 species, found from Africa to the Pacific Islands. Cleistanthus collinus is known for being toxic and frequently used for homicidal or suicidal purposes.-Synonymy:...
(also Clistanthus, Godefroya, Kaluhaburunghos, Lebidiera, Lebidieropsis, Leiopyxis, Nanopetalum, Neogoetzia, Paracleisthus, Schistostigma, Stenonia, Stenoniella, Zenkerodendron)
Tribe PhyllantheaePhyllantheaePhyllantheae is a tribe of the family Phyllanthaceae. It comprises 6 subtribes and 18 genera.-External links:*...
There are 6 subtribes and 18 genera:Subtribe Andrachinae:
- AndrachneAndrachneAndrachne is a genus of flowering plants in the family Phyllanthaceae. It is one of eight genera in the tribe Poranthereae. Andrachne comprises 22 species. They are monoecious herbs or subshrubs, native to semideserts and desert margins of the Americas, southern Europe, North Africa, and South...
(also Eraeliss, Thelypotzium)
Subtribe Astrocasiinae:
- AstrocasiaAstrocasiaAstrocasia is a plant genus of the family Phyllanthaceae and the sole genus comprised in the subtribe Astrocasiinae....
Subtribe Flueggeinae:
- BreyniaBreyniaBreynia is a plant genus in the family Phyllanthaceae. It has 35 species, distributed from India to Australia.-Synonymy:This genus is also known under several names:*Foersteria Scop.*Forsteria Steud.*Melanthes Blume...
(also Foersteria, Forsteria, Melanthes, Melanthesa, Melanthesopsis) - Flueggea (also Bessera, Colmeiroa, Geblera, Neowawraea, Pleiostemon, Villanova)
- GlochidionGlochidionGlochidion are a taxon of plants in the family Phyllanthaceae. It comprises about 300 species, distributed from Madagascar to the Pacific Islands...
(also Agyneia, Bradleia, Bradleja, Coccoglochidion, Diasperus, Episteira, Glochidionopsis, Glochisandra, Gynoon, Lobocarpus, Pseudoglochidion, Tetraglochidion, Zarcoa) - MargaritariaMargaritariaMargaritaria is a plant genus of the Phyllanthaceae family. With 14 species, this is the smallest pantropical genus of the Phyllanthaceae and, formerly, of the Euphorbiaceae.-Synonymy:This genus is known under several other names:...
(also Calococcus, Prosorus, Wurtzia, Zygospermum) - PhyllanthusPhyllanthusPhyllanthus is the largest genus in the flowering plant family Phyllanthaceae. Estimates of the number species in this genus vary widely, from 750 to 1200. Phyllanthus has a remarkable diversity of growth forms including annual and perennial herbs, shrubs, climbers, floating aquatics, and...
(also Anisonema, Aporosella, Arachnodes, Ardinghalia, Asterandra, Cathetus, Ceramanthus, Chorisandra, Cicca, Clambus, Conami, Dendrophyllanthus, Dicholactina, Dimorphocladium, Emblica, Epistylium, Eriococcus, Fluggeopsis, Genesiphylla, Hemicicca, Hemiglochidion, Kirganelia, Leichhardtia, Lomanthes, Maborea, Macraea, Menarda, Mirobalanus, Moeroris, Nellica, Niruri, Nymania, Nymphanthus, Orbicularia, Oxalistylis, Ramsdenia, Reidia, Rhopium, Roigia, Scepasma, Staurothylax, Synexemia, Tricarium, Uranthera, Urinaria, Williamia, Xylophylla) - ReverchoniaReverchoniaReverchonia arenaria is a plant species of the Phyllanthaceae family and the sole species in the genus Reverchonia. It is a sand dune annual and confined to the Southwestern United States and adjacent Mexico....
- RicheriellaRicheriellaRicheriella is a plant genus of the Phyllanthaceae family. It comprises 2 species, found from Southeast China to Central Malesia....
- SauropusSauropusThe genus Sauropus, of the Phyllanthaceae family, comprises about 40 species of herbs, shrubs or subshrubs, sometimes with woody bases. These plants can be monoecious or dioecious. They are distributed in Southeast Asia, Malesia and Australia....
(also Aalius, Breyniopsis, Ceratogynum, Diplomorpha, Heterocalymnantha, Hexadena, Hexaspermum, Ibina, Synastemon, Synostemon)
Subtribe Leptopinae:
- Leptopus (also Arachne, Chorisandrachne, Hexakestra, Hexakistra)
Subtribe Pseudolachnostylidinae:
- Chascotheca (also Chaenotheca)
- Keayodendron
- MeineckiaMeineckiaMeineckia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Phyllanthaceae. It is one of eight genera in the tribe Poranthereae. It comprises about 30 species. They are native to the Americas, South Asia, Africa, and Madagascar. The genus is particularly well represented in Madagascar. Species of...
(also Cluytiandra, Neopeltandra, Peltandra) - Pseudolachnostylis
- ZimmermanniaZimmermanniaZimmermannia is a genus of plant under the family Phyllanthaceae. The seven species appear similar, but careful examination of the polen of each has shown that they are distinct species....
- ZimmermanniopsisZimmermanniopsisZimmermanniopsis is a genus of plant under the family Phyllanthaceae. The genus resembles Zimmermannia, hence its name....
Subtribe Securineginae:
- SecurinegaSecurinegaSecurinega was a genus of plant under the family Phyllanthaceae and the sole genus in the subtribe Securineginae. It consisted of several species, all of which are now synonyms for species under the genus Flueggea:...
Tribe WielandieaeWielandieaeWielandieae is a tribe of the family Phyllanthaceae. It comprises 10 genera....
It comprises 10 genera:- ActephilaActephilaActephila is a genus of the family Phyllanthaceae. It is one of 8 genera in the tribe Poranthereae, and is most closely related to Leptopus. It comprises 31 species, found in Australasia. The type species is Actephila javanica. The name of the genus is derived from two Greek words, akte, "the...
(also Anomospermum, Lithoxylon) - BlotiaBlotiaBlotia is a genus of the family Phyllanthaceae....
- ChonocentrumChonocentrumChonocentrum is a genus of the family Phyllanthaceae. The genus is still not well understood; W. John Hayden has observed that the plant seems have been collected just once, in upper Rio Negro of Brazil in the 1850s, and suggests that it has been misplaced taxonomically.- References :* Hayden, W....
- DiscocarpusDiscocarpusDiscocarpus is a genus of the plant family Phyllanthaceae. It is a small genus with 3 species, which are found in Amazonia....
- Gonatogyne
- Heywoodia HeywoodiaHeywoodia lucens is a plant species of the family Phyllanthaceae. Its genus, Heywoodia, is monotypic. The species is native to tropical East Africa....
- LachnostylisLachnostylisLachnostylis is a genus of the family Phyllanthaceae. It comprises 2 species, native to the Eastern Cape and the Western Cape of South Africa. It is often included in Savia....
- PetalodiscusPetalodiscusPetalodiscus is a genus of the family Phyllanthaceae. The genus is sometimes included in Savia....
- SaviaSaviaSavia is a genus of the family Phyllanthaceae.-Synonymy:This genus is also known as:*Charidia Baill.*Geminaria Raf.*Kleinodendron L.B.Sm. & Downs*Maschalanthus Nutt....
(also Charidia, Geminaria, Kleinodendron, Maschalanthus) - WielandiaWielandiaWielandia is a genus of flowering plant, of the family Phyllanthaceae. Members of this genus are shrubs found in the Seychelles Islands....