Toll interacting protein, also known as TOLLIP, is an inhibitory adaptor protein

Protein

Proteins are biochemical compounds consisting of one or more polypeptides typically folded into a globular or fibrous form, facilitating a biological function. A polypeptide is a single linear polymer chain of amino acids bonded together by peptide bonds between the carboxyl and amino groups of...

 that in humans is encoded by the TOLLIP gene

Gene

A gene is a molecular unit of heredity of a living organism. It is a name given to some stretches of DNA and RNA that code for a type of protein or for an RNA chain that has a function in the organism. Living beings depend on genes, as they specify all proteins and functional RNA chains...

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Function

It is an inhibitory adaptor protein within Toll-like receptor

Toll-like receptor

Toll-like receptors are a class of proteins that play a key role in the innate immune system. They are single, membrane-spanning, non-catalytic receptors that recognize structurally conserved molecules derived from microbes...

s (TLR). The TLR pathway is a part of the innate immune system

Innate immune system

The innate immune system, also known as non-specific immune system and secondary line of defence, comprises the cells and mechanisms that defend the host from infection by other organisms in a non-specific manner...

 that recognizes structurally conserved molecular patterns of microbial pathogens, leading to an inflammatory immune response.

Clinical significance

Polymorphisms

Polymorphism (biology)

Polymorphism in biology occurs when two or more clearly different phenotypes exist in the same population of a species — in other words, the occurrence of more than one form or morph...

 in TLR genes have been implicated in various diseases like atopic dermatitis

Atopic dermatitis

Atopic dermatitis is an inflammatory, chronically relapsing, non-contagious and pruritic skin disorder...

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Interactions

TOLLIP has been shown to interact

Protein-protein interaction

Protein–protein interactions occur when two or more proteins bind together, often to carry out their biological function. Many of the most important molecular processes in the cell such as DNA replication are carried out by large molecular machines that are built from a large number of protein...

 with TOM1

TOM1

Target of Myb protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TOM1 gene.-Interactions:TOM1 has been shown to interact with TOLLIP and ZFYVE16.-Further reading:...

, TLR 2

TLR 2

Toll-like receptor 2 also known as TLR-2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TLR2 gene. TLR2 has also been designated as CD282 . TLR-2 plays a role in the immune system...

, TLR 4

TLR 4

Toll-like receptor 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TLR4 gene. TLR 4 is a toll-like receptor. It detects lipopolysaccharide from Gram-negative bacteria and is thus important in the activation of the innate immune system...

 and IL1RAP

IL1RAP

Interleukin-1 receptor accessory protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IL1RAP gene.-Interactions:IL1RAP has been shown to interact with TOLLIP and Interleukin 1 receptor, type I.-Further reading:...

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Further reading