Szatmár
Encyclopedia
Szatmár is the name of a historic administrative county (comitatus
) of the Kingdom of Hungary
. Its territory is presently in north-western Romania
and north-eastern Hungary
, south of the river Tisza
. The capital of the county was Nagykároly, today called Carei (in Romanian).
, Bereg
, Ugocsa
, Máramaros
, Szolnok-Doboka
, Szilágy
and Bihar
. It was situated south of the river Tisza
. The river Someş
/Szamos flows through the county. Its area was 6257 km² around 1910.
assigned most of the territory of the county to Romania
. The northwest of the county remained in Hungary
, and formed the new county Szatmár-Ugocsa-Bereg with parts of the former Bereg
and Ugocsa
counties. The capital of this county was Mátészalka
, which was previously in Szatmár county. Romanian part of it was occupied by Hungary between 1940-1944 during World War II
.
After World War II
, the county Szatmár-Ugocsa-Bereg was merged with Szabolcs
county to form Szabolcs-Szatmár
county. This county was renamed Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg
in the 1990s.
The Romania
n part of the county is now part of the Romania
n county Satu Mare, except the easternmost part (including Baia Mare
), which is in Maramureş
county.
Csenger
, Fehérgyarmat
and Mátészalka
are presently in Hungary
; the other towns mentioned are presently in Romania
.
Comitatus (Kingdom of Hungary)
A county is the name of a type of administrative units in the Kingdom of Hungary and in Hungary from the 10th century until the present day....
) of the Kingdom of Hungary
Kingdom of Hungary
The Kingdom of Hungary comprised present-day Hungary, Slovakia and Croatia , Transylvania , Carpatho Ruthenia , Vojvodina , Burgenland , and other smaller territories surrounding present-day Hungary's borders...
. Its territory is presently in north-western Romania
Romania
Romania is a country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeastern Europe, on the Lower Danube, within and outside the Carpathian arch, bordering on the Black Sea...
and north-eastern Hungary
Hungary
Hungary , officially the Republic of Hungary , is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is situated in the Carpathian Basin and is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine and Romania to the east, Serbia and Croatia to the south, Slovenia to the southwest and Austria to the west. The...
, south of the river Tisza
Tisza
The Tisza or Tisa is one of the main rivers of Central Europe. It rises in Ukraine, and is formed near Rakhiv by the junction of headwaters White Tisa, whose source is in the Chornohora mountains and Black Tisa, which springs in the Gorgany range...
. The capital of the county was Nagykároly, today called Carei (in Romanian).
Geography
Szatmár county shared borders with the Hungarian counties SzabolcsSzabolcs (county)
Szabolcs is the name of a historic administrative county of the Kingdom of Hungary in present-day northeastern Hungary. The capital of the county was Nyíregyháza.-Geography:...
, Bereg
Bereg (county)
Bereg is the name of a historic administrative county of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory is presently in northeastern Hungary and western Ukraine...
, Ugocsa
Ugocsa
Ugocsa is the name of a historic administrative county of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory is presently in north-western Romania and western Ukraine...
, Máramaros
Máramaros
Máramaros is the name of a historic administrative county of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory is presently in north-western Romania and western Ukraine...
, Szolnok-Doboka
Szolnok-Doboka
Szolnok-Doboka is the name of a historic administrative county of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory is presently in northern Romania . The capital of the county was Dés .-Geography:...
, Szilágy
Szilágy
Szilágy is the name of a historic administrative county of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory is presently in north-western Romania. The capital of the county was Zilah .-Geography:...
and Bihar
Bihar (county)
Bihar is the name of a historic administrative county of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory is presently mostly in northwestern Romania, where it is administered as Bihor County, and a smaller part in eastern Hungary...
. It was situated south of the river Tisza
Tisza
The Tisza or Tisa is one of the main rivers of Central Europe. It rises in Ukraine, and is formed near Rakhiv by the junction of headwaters White Tisa, whose source is in the Chornohora mountains and Black Tisa, which springs in the Gorgany range...
. The river Someş
Someş River
The river Someş flows through Romania and Hungary.It rises from two headstreams, the Someşul Mare, in the Rodna Mountains in Bistriţa-Năsăud County and the Someşul Mic in the Apuseni Mountains of Cluj County...
/Szamos flows through the county. Its area was 6257 km² around 1910.
History
In 1920 the Treaty of TrianonTreaty of Trianon
The Treaty of Trianon was the peace agreement signed in 1920, at the end of World War I, between the Allies of World War I and Hungary . The treaty greatly redefined and reduced Hungary's borders. From its borders before World War I, it lost 72% of its territory, which was reduced from to...
assigned most of the territory of the county to Romania
Romania
Romania is a country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeastern Europe, on the Lower Danube, within and outside the Carpathian arch, bordering on the Black Sea...
. The northwest of the county remained in Hungary
Hungary
Hungary , officially the Republic of Hungary , is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is situated in the Carpathian Basin and is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine and Romania to the east, Serbia and Croatia to the south, Slovenia to the southwest and Austria to the west. The...
, and formed the new county Szatmár-Ugocsa-Bereg with parts of the former Bereg
Bereg (county)
Bereg is the name of a historic administrative county of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory is presently in northeastern Hungary and western Ukraine...
and Ugocsa
Ugocsa
Ugocsa is the name of a historic administrative county of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory is presently in north-western Romania and western Ukraine...
counties. The capital of this county was Mátészalka
Mátészalka
Mátészalka is a town in Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg county, in the Northern Great Plain region of eastern Hungary.-Geography:It covers an area of and has a population of 18,084 people .Mátészalka is a sistertown of Zevenaar ....
, which was previously in Szatmár county. Romanian part of it was occupied by Hungary between 1940-1944 during World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
.
After World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
, the county Szatmár-Ugocsa-Bereg was merged with Szabolcs
Szabolcs (county)
Szabolcs is the name of a historic administrative county of the Kingdom of Hungary in present-day northeastern Hungary. The capital of the county was Nyíregyháza.-Geography:...
county to form Szabolcs-Szatmár
Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg
Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg is an administrative county in north-eastern Hungary, bordering Slovakia, Ukraine and Romania. It shares borders with the Hungarian counties Hajdú-Bihar and Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén...
county. This county was renamed Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg
Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg
Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg is an administrative county in north-eastern Hungary, bordering Slovakia, Ukraine and Romania. It shares borders with the Hungarian counties Hajdú-Bihar and Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén...
in the 1990s.
The Romania
Romania
Romania is a country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeastern Europe, on the Lower Danube, within and outside the Carpathian arch, bordering on the Black Sea...
n part of the county is now part of the Romania
Romania
Romania is a country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeastern Europe, on the Lower Danube, within and outside the Carpathian arch, bordering on the Black Sea...
n county Satu Mare, except the easternmost part (including Baia Mare
Baia Mare
Baia Mare is a municipality in northwestern Romania and the capital of Maramureş County. The city is situated about 600 kilometres from Bucharest, the capital of Romania, 70 kilometres from the border with Hungary and 50 kilometres from the border with Ukraine...
), which is in Maramureş
Maramures
Maramureș may refer to the following:*Maramureș, a geographical, historical, and ethno-cultural region in present-day Romania and Ukraine, that occupies the Maramureș Depression and Maramureș Mountains, a mountain range in North East Carpathians...
county.
Subdivisions
In the early 20th century, the subdivisions of Szatmár county were:| Districts (járás) | |
|---|---|
| District | Capital |
| Nagykároly | Nagykároly, ro: Romanian language Romanian Romanian Romanian (or Daco-Romanian; obsolete spellings Rumanian, Roumanian; self-designation: română, limba română ("the Romanian language") or românește (lit. "in Romanian") is a Romance language spoken by around 24 to 28 million people, primarily in Romania and Moldova... Carei |
| Szatmárnémeti | Szatmárnémeti, ro: Satu Mare |
| Csenger | Csenger Csenger Csenger is a town in Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg county, in the Northern Great Plain region of eastern Hungary.-Geography:It covers an area of and has a population of 5085 people .... |
| Fehérgyarmat | Fehérgyarmat Fehérgyarmat Fehérgyarmat is a town in Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg county, in the Northern Great Plain region of eastern Hungary.-Geography:It covers an area of and has a population of 8712 people .-Twin towns — Sister cities:Fehérgyarmat is twinned with:... |
| Mátészalka | Mátészalka Mátészalka Mátészalka is a town in Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg county, in the Northern Great Plain region of eastern Hungary.-Geography:It covers an area of and has a population of 18,084 people .Mátészalka is a sistertown of Zevenaar .... |
| Szinérváralja | Szinérváralja, ro: Seini Seini Seini is a town in Maramureş County, northern Transylvania, Romania. It administers two villages, Săbişa and Viile Apei.... |
| Nagybánya | Nagybánya, ro: Baia Mare Baia Mare Baia Mare is a municipality in northwestern Romania and the capital of Maramureş County. The city is situated about 600 kilometres from Bucharest, the capital of Romania, 70 kilometres from the border with Hungary and 50 kilometres from the border with Ukraine... |
| Nagysomkút | Nagysomkút, ro: Şomcuta Mare Somcuta Mare Șomcuta Mare is a town in Maramureş County, Romania. The town administers seven villages: Buciumi , Buteasa , Ciolt , Codru Butesii , Finteușu Mare , Hovrila and Vălenii Șomcutei . It was declared a town in 2004.-References:... |
| Erdőd | Erdőd, ro: Ardud Ardud Ardud is a town in north-western Romania, in Satu Mare County. It administers five villages: Ardud-Vii, Baba Novac, Gerăuşa, Mădăras and Sărătura.-History:... |
| Urban counties (törvényhatósági jogú város) | |
| Szatmárnémeti, ro: Satu Mare | |
| Urban districts (rendezett tanácsú város) | |
| Nagykároly, ro: Carei | |
| Nagybánya, ro: Baia Mare Baia Mare Baia Mare is a municipality in northwestern Romania and the capital of Maramureş County. The city is situated about 600 kilometres from Bucharest, the capital of Romania, 70 kilometres from the border with Hungary and 50 kilometres from the border with Ukraine... |
|
| Felsőbánya, ro: Baia Sprie Baia Sprie Baia Sprie is a town in the Maramureş County, northern Romania. The Hungarian version of the town's name means "Upper Mine".The town administers three villages: Chiuzbaia, Satu Nou de Sus and Tăuţii de Sus. Neighbouring communities are the city of Baia Mare and the villages of Groşi, Dumbrăviţa,... |
|
Csenger
Csenger
Csenger is a town in Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg county, in the Northern Great Plain region of eastern Hungary.-Geography:It covers an area of and has a population of 5085 people ....
, Fehérgyarmat
Fehérgyarmat
Fehérgyarmat is a town in Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg county, in the Northern Great Plain region of eastern Hungary.-Geography:It covers an area of and has a population of 8712 people .-Twin towns — Sister cities:Fehérgyarmat is twinned with:...
and Mátészalka
Mátészalka
Mátészalka is a town in Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg county, in the Northern Great Plain region of eastern Hungary.-Geography:It covers an area of and has a population of 18,084 people .Mátészalka is a sistertown of Zevenaar ....
are presently in Hungary
Hungary
Hungary , officially the Republic of Hungary , is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is situated in the Carpathian Basin and is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine and Romania to the east, Serbia and Croatia to the south, Slovenia to the southwest and Austria to the west. The...
; the other towns mentioned are presently in Romania
Romania
Romania is a country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeastern Europe, on the Lower Danube, within and outside the Carpathian arch, bordering on the Black Sea...
.