Sumathi Satakam
Encyclopedia
Sumati Shatakam is one of the most famous Telugu Shatakam. It is a neeti (moral) Shatakam.
According to many literary critics Sumati Shatakam was reputedly composed by Baddena Bhupaludu (AD 1220-1280). He was also known as Bhadra Bhupala. He was a Chola prince and was a Vassal under the Kakatiya
empress Rani Rudrama Devi
during the thirteenth century. He was a pupil of Tikkana
, the greatest writer in Telugu. If we assume that the Sumatee Satakam was indeed written by Baddena, it would rank as one of the earliest Satakams in Telugu along with Vrushadhipa Satakam of Palkuriki Somanatha
and Sarveswara Satakam by Yathavakkula Annamayya. The Sumatee Shatakam is also one of the earliest Telugu works to be translated in to European languages. C. P. Brown rendered it in English in the 1840s.
There are some outdated notions as statements like "nammakumee vAmahastun^" are plainly ridiculous. It must be warned that there are caste-based references that are pure anathema to modern readers. But one should remember that the poems were written in a society that was essentially stable for many centuries. In a stable society, it was easy to attribute stereotypical behaviour. There were inevitable superstitions. They are more a reflection of the society and the times than the author. If some of the attitudes discernable from the Satakam are a reflection of all the castiesm, male chauvinism, and other ills of the society of a bygone era and be open about it. The author may be guilty of engaging in chauvinism, but he definitely absolves himself of it through his sharp barbs at every other ill of the society. Even though he was a feudatory ruler, his attack of kings and their employees stands out unmistakably. If one can keep this in mind and is willing to put one’s own notions of political correctness, liberal tradition and empathy with particular sections of society aside, the Satakam can educate and enthrall one and all.
Shataka Kharta
shatakam is composed of more than a 100 poems(padyalu).According to many literary critics Sumati Shatakam was reputedly composed by Baddena Bhupaludu (AD 1220-1280). He was also known as Bhadra Bhupala. He was a Chola prince and was a Vassal under the Kakatiya
Kakatiya
The Kakatiya dynasty was an Indian dynasty that ruled most parts of what is now Andhra Pradesh, India from 1083 CE to 1323 CE, with Orugallu , now Warangal , as its capital. Orugallu is also called 'Eka Sila Nagaram'...
empress Rani Rudrama Devi
Rani Rudrama Devi
Rani Rudrama Devi was one of the most prominent rulers of the Kakatiya dynasty on the Deccan Plateau, being one of the few ruling queens in Indian history. She was born, as Rudramba, to King Ganapathideva...
during the thirteenth century. He was a pupil of Tikkana
Tikkana
Tikkana was born into a family of Shaivite family during the Golden Age of the Kakatiya dynasty. He was the second poet of the "Trinity of Poets " that translated Mahabharatamu into Telugu over a period of centuries. Nannaya Bhattaraka was the first, though he translated only two and a half...
, the greatest writer in Telugu. If we assume that the Sumatee Satakam was indeed written by Baddena, it would rank as one of the earliest Satakams in Telugu along with Vrushadhipa Satakam of Palkuriki Somanatha
Palkuriki Somanatha
Palkurthy Somanatha was one of the most noted Telugu language writers of the 12th or 13th century. He was also an accomplished writer in the Kannada and Sanskrit languages and penned several classics in them...
and Sarveswara Satakam by Yathavakkula Annamayya. The Sumatee Shatakam is also one of the earliest Telugu works to be translated in to European languages. C. P. Brown rendered it in English in the 1840s.
Features
Sumati Shatakam has been extremely popular for long time with parents and teachers trying to teach the right conduct and social values to young children. The language used is very simple. The poems have the musical quality of classical meters. Most of the words are Simple Telugu. The use of Sanskrit words is very limited. There are hardly any words unfamiliar to modern readers. The poems do not look anything like the sophisticated compositions using the highly cultivated language of prabandhams. Since the Telugu used by the author is so close to what the common people used, the poems look surprisingly familiar in their language. The poems have an astonishing communication power. All the poems are in kanda padyam meter (Chandas). Being in short meter and being unconnected to each other, the poems are easy to remember. Even if one does not remember the entire poem, it is commonplace to quote some gem like statements from the Satakam. Each generation of school children learns some of them during elementary and high schools.There are some outdated notions as statements like "nammakumee vAmahastun^" are plainly ridiculous. It must be warned that there are caste-based references that are pure anathema to modern readers. But one should remember that the poems were written in a society that was essentially stable for many centuries. In a stable society, it was easy to attribute stereotypical behaviour. There were inevitable superstitions. They are more a reflection of the society and the times than the author. If some of the attitudes discernable from the Satakam are a reflection of all the castiesm, male chauvinism, and other ills of the society of a bygone era and be open about it. The author may be guilty of engaging in chauvinism, but he definitely absolves himself of it through his sharp barbs at every other ill of the society. Even though he was a feudatory ruler, his attack of kings and their employees stands out unmistakably. If one can keep this in mind and is willing to put one’s own notions of political correctness, liberal tradition and empathy with particular sections of society aside, the Satakam can educate and enthrall one and all.
External links
- Sumati Satakam in Telugu @ Samputi.com: http://www.samputi.com/launch.php?m=badi&sm=satakam&l=te&k=3
- Sumati Satakam in English @ Samputi.com: http://www.samputi.com/launch.php?m=badi&sm=satakam&l=en&k=3
- Open Source Audio by Dr. Goli Anjaneyulu.
- Sumati Satakam Versions: Adyar Library
- Sumati Satakam Versions: Charles Philip Brown
- Sumati Satakam Transcription, Andhra Pradesh Sate Oriental Manscript Library and Research Institute