Sultan Majid Afandiyev
Encyclopedia
Sultan Majid Afandiyev also spelled Efendiyev (May 26, 1887, Shemakha – April 21, 1938, Baku
) was an Azerbaijani revolutionary and statesman, one of the founders of the Communist Party of Azerbaijan.
–at that time a region of the Russian Empire
–since 1902. In 1904, Afandiyev was one of the organizers of Hummet party and took active part in the 1905 Revolution.
Following studies at the Medicine Department of Kazan State University, Afandiyev received the qualification of physician
in 1915. After the February Revolution
of 1917, he became a member of the Baku
Council, the Hummet Committee, and the RSDLP(b) Committee. He then took part in the Civil War
defense of Astrakhan
. From 1918 to 1931 Afandiyev received many encharges: Commissar on the Transcaucasian Muslims' affairs of the People's Commissariat of Nationalities
of RSFSR, deputy chairman of the Central Bureau of Communist Organization of Orient Peoples of the Central Committee of RKP(b) (Russian Communist Party of Bolsheviks), 1920-1921, member of the Executive Committee of Baku Council, Extraordinary Commissioner of the Central Committee of Azerbaijani KP(b), Commissar of Ganja Province ( he commanded the suppression of anti-Bolshevik rebellion in Ganja
), member of the Central Executive Committee, People's Commissar of Lands, People's Commissar of Revolutionary Commissariat of Azerbaijan SSR
, member of Central Committee of VKP(b) (All-Union Communist Party of the Bolsheviks ), member of Transcaucasian Regional Committee of VKP(b), Bureau of the Central Committee of Azerbaijani KP(b), member of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR, deputy chairman and since 1931 the chairman of the Central Executive Committee of Azerbaijani SSR and one of the chairmen of the Central Executive Committee of the Transcaucasian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic.
He also wrote for Zhizn' Natsional'nostei
.
During the Great Purge
, Afandiyev was arrested, accused of plotting against the Soviet state, sentenced to death and executed on April 21, 1938. In 1956 he was exonerated posthumously.
Baku
Baku , sometimes spelled as Baki or Bakou, is the capital and largest city of Azerbaijan, as well as the largest city on the Caspian Sea and of the Caucasus region. It is located on the southern shore of the Absheron Peninsula, which projects into the Caspian Sea. The city consists of two principal...
) was an Azerbaijani revolutionary and statesman, one of the founders of the Communist Party of Azerbaijan.
Life
The son of a vendor, Afandiyev participated in the revolutionary movement of AzerbaijanAzerbaijan
Azerbaijan , officially the Republic of Azerbaijan is the largest country in the Caucasus region of Eurasia. Located at the crossroads of Western Asia and Eastern Europe, it is bounded by the Caspian Sea to the east, Russia to the north, Georgia to the northwest, Armenia to the west, and Iran to...
–at that time a region of the Russian Empire
Russian Empire
The Russian Empire was a state that existed from 1721 until the Russian Revolution of 1917. It was the successor to the Tsardom of Russia and the predecessor of the Soviet Union...
–since 1902. In 1904, Afandiyev was one of the organizers of Hummet party and took active part in the 1905 Revolution.
Following studies at the Medicine Department of Kazan State University, Afandiyev received the qualification of physician
Physician
A physician is a health care provider who practices the profession of medicine, which is concerned with promoting, maintaining or restoring human health through the study, diagnosis, and treatment of disease, injury and other physical and mental impairments...
in 1915. After the February Revolution
February Revolution
The February Revolution of 1917 was the first of two revolutions in Russia in 1917. Centered around the then capital Petrograd in March . Its immediate result was the abdication of Tsar Nicholas II, the end of the Romanov dynasty, and the end of the Russian Empire...
of 1917, he became a member of the Baku
Baku
Baku , sometimes spelled as Baki or Bakou, is the capital and largest city of Azerbaijan, as well as the largest city on the Caspian Sea and of the Caucasus region. It is located on the southern shore of the Absheron Peninsula, which projects into the Caspian Sea. The city consists of two principal...
Council, the Hummet Committee, and the RSDLP(b) Committee. He then took part in the Civil War
Russian Civil War
The Russian Civil War was a multi-party war that occurred within the former Russian Empire after the Russian provisional government collapsed to the Soviets, under the domination of the Bolshevik party. Soviet forces first assumed power in Petrograd The Russian Civil War (1917–1923) was a...
defense of Astrakhan
Astrakhan
Astrakhan is a major city in southern European Russia and the administrative center of Astrakhan Oblast. The city lies on the left bank of the Volga River, close to where it discharges into the Caspian Sea at an altitude of below the sea level. Population:...
. From 1918 to 1931 Afandiyev received many encharges: Commissar on the Transcaucasian Muslims' affairs of the People's Commissariat of Nationalities
Narkomnats
People's Commissariat of Nationalities was the Government of the Soviet Union body set up to deal with non-Russian nationalities...
of RSFSR, deputy chairman of the Central Bureau of Communist Organization of Orient Peoples of the Central Committee of RKP(b) (Russian Communist Party of Bolsheviks), 1920-1921, member of the Executive Committee of Baku Council, Extraordinary Commissioner of the Central Committee of Azerbaijani KP(b), Commissar of Ganja Province ( he commanded the suppression of anti-Bolshevik rebellion in Ganja
Ganja, Azerbaijan
Ganja is Azerbaijan's second-largest city with a population of around 313,300. It was named Yelizavetpol in the Russian Empire period. The city regained its original name—Ganja—from 1920–1935 during the first part of its incorporation into the Soviet Union. However, its name was changed again and...
), member of the Central Executive Committee, People's Commissar of Lands, People's Commissar of Revolutionary Commissariat of Azerbaijan SSR
Azerbaijan SSR
The Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic , also known as the Azerbaijan SSR for short, was one of the republics that made up the former Soviet Union....
, member of Central Committee of VKP(b) (All-Union Communist Party of the Bolsheviks ), member of Transcaucasian Regional Committee of VKP(b), Bureau of the Central Committee of Azerbaijani KP(b), member of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR, deputy chairman and since 1931 the chairman of the Central Executive Committee of Azerbaijani SSR and one of the chairmen of the Central Executive Committee of the Transcaucasian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic.
He also wrote for Zhizn' Natsional'nostei
Zhizn' Natsional'nostei
Zhizn' Natsional'nostei was a journal published in the Moscow, 1918-1924.Many senior figures in Narkomnats contributed to it....
.
During the Great Purge
Great Purge
The Great Purge was a series of campaigns of political repression and persecution in the Soviet Union orchestrated by Joseph Stalin from 1936 to 1938...
, Afandiyev was arrested, accused of plotting against the Soviet state, sentenced to death and executed on April 21, 1938. In 1956 he was exonerated posthumously.