Sharona
Encyclopedia
Sharona is an moshav
in the Lower Galilee Regional Council
, Israel
.
In the early 13th century, the geographer Yaqut al-Hamawi
described Sârûniyyah as "a pass near Tabariyya, you go up it to reach At Tûr
" In 1596, there was a village of 17 Muslim families there. In 1870, Guérin wrote of Sarona:
About 10 years later, the Survey of Western Palestine noted "basaltic stone houses, containing about 250 Moslems, situated in arable plain, without trees."
In 1878 Sarona was settled by Circassian refugees from the Caucasus
, but by 1910 they had moved elsewhere and had been replaced by Arabs. The land was purchased from the Arabs by the Jewish Colonization Association
in 1910.
In 1913, a Jewish settlement called Rama, but also called Sarona, was established close to the Arab village by ahuza (estate) members from Chicago
. The impact of World War I, poor conditions, and the lack of sufficient manpower kept the new settlement improverished and debt-ridden. In 1922, the new and old settlements together contained 77 Arabs but only 15 Jews. In the summer at the end of 1923, additional Jewish settlers, Brisk kevutzah from Kfar Yehezkel
, arrived with help from the Jewish National Fund
, but by the end of 1928 the settlement had been abandoned and the land returned to the Palestine Jewish Colonization Association
, the heir to the Jewish Colonization Association. Half the land was leased to Arab tenants. In 1938 a moshav
was established by members of the Gordania organization, with the cost borne by the Palestine Jewish Colonization Association and the Agricultural Workers Federation. In 1945, the population was recorded as 110 Jews and no Arabs.
Moshav
Moshav is a type of Israeli town or settlement, in particular a type of cooperative agricultural community of individual farms pioneered by the Labour Zionists during the second aliyah...
in the Lower Galilee Regional Council
Lower Galilee Regional Council
The Lower Galilee Regional Council is a regional council in northern Israel that encompasses most of the settlements in the Lower Galilee. Over 9000 people live in the three kibbutzim, ten moshavim and two communal settlements located in its municipal territory.The council building is situated in...
, Israel
Israel
The State of Israel is a parliamentary republic located in the Middle East, along the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea...
.
In the early 13th century, the geographer Yaqut al-Hamawi
Yaqut al-Hamawi
Yāqūt ibn-'Abdullah al-Rūmī al-Hamawī) was an Islamic biographer and geographer renowned for his encyclopedic writings on the Muslim world. "al-Rumi" refers to his Greek descent; "al-Hamawi" means that he is from Hama, Syria, and ibn-Abdullah is a reference to his father's name, Abdullah...
described Sârûniyyah as "a pass near Tabariyya, you go up it to reach At Tûr
Mount Tabor
-Places:*Mount Tabor, a hill in Israel near Nazareth believed by many to be the site of the Transfiguration of ChristIn the United States:*Mount Tabor, Indiana, an unincorporated community...
" In 1596, there was a village of 17 Muslim families there. In 1870, Guérin wrote of Sarona:
- "This village is divided into two quarters; the houses are rudely built on two hillocks rising round a valley. This is watered from a spring enclosed in a sort of small square chamber, the floor of which is formed of large slabs, and which has a vaulted vestibule built of regular stones."
About 10 years later, the Survey of Western Palestine noted "basaltic stone houses, containing about 250 Moslems, situated in arable plain, without trees."
In 1878 Sarona was settled by Circassian refugees from the Caucasus
Caucasus
The Caucasus, also Caucas or Caucasia , is a geopolitical region at the border of Europe and Asia, and situated between the Black and the Caspian sea...
, but by 1910 they had moved elsewhere and had been replaced by Arabs. The land was purchased from the Arabs by the Jewish Colonization Association
Jewish Colonization Association
The Jewish Colonization Association was created on September 11, 1891 by the Baron Maurice de Hirsch. Its aim was to facilitate the mass emigration of Jews from Russia and other Eastern European countries, by settling them in agricultural colonies on lands purchased by the committee, particularly...
in 1910.
In 1913, a Jewish settlement called Rama, but also called Sarona, was established close to the Arab village by ahuza (estate) members from Chicago
Chicago
Chicago is the largest city in the US state of Illinois. With nearly 2.7 million residents, it is the most populous city in the Midwestern United States and the third most populous in the US, after New York City and Los Angeles...
. The impact of World War I, poor conditions, and the lack of sufficient manpower kept the new settlement improverished and debt-ridden. In 1922, the new and old settlements together contained 77 Arabs but only 15 Jews. In the summer at the end of 1923, additional Jewish settlers, Brisk kevutzah from Kfar Yehezkel
Kfar Yehezkel
Kfar Yehezkel is a moshav ovdim in northern Israel. It is located in the Jezreel Valley, six kilometres southeast of Afula. It is under the jurisdiction of the Gilboa Regional Council. In 2007, the moshav had a population of 755.-History:...
, arrived with help from the Jewish National Fund
Jewish National Fund
The Jewish National Fund was founded in 1901 to buy and develop land in Ottoman Palestine for Jewish settlement. The JNF is a quasi-governmental, non-profit organisation...
, but by the end of 1928 the settlement had been abandoned and the land returned to the Palestine Jewish Colonization Association
Palestine Jewish Colonization Association
The Palestine Jewish Colonization Association, commonly known by its Hebrew acronym PICA , was established in 1924 and played a major role in supporting the Yishuv in Palestine until its disbandment in 1957....
, the heir to the Jewish Colonization Association. Half the land was leased to Arab tenants. In 1938 a moshav
Moshav
Moshav is a type of Israeli town or settlement, in particular a type of cooperative agricultural community of individual farms pioneered by the Labour Zionists during the second aliyah...
was established by members of the Gordania organization, with the cost borne by the Palestine Jewish Colonization Association and the Agricultural Workers Federation. In 1945, the population was recorded as 110 Jews and no Arabs.