Secretoneurin
Encyclopedia
Secretoneurin, also called Chromogranin B (CHGB), is a 33-amino acid neuropeptide derived from secretogranin II
(chromogranin
C, CHGC) . Because of this secretogranin II is also called secretoneurin-included (SN, included).
Secretoneurin is involved in chemotaxis of monocytes and eosinophils (comparable in potency to IL8) and endothelial cells and in regulation of endothelial cell proliferation. Highest secretoneurin levels are found in anterior pituitary, followed by adrenal medulla
and posterior pituitary hypothalamus
(2- to 6-fold lower levels in other brain regions investigated). Secretoneurin has been shown to have potent angiogenic
activity in vivo in mouse cornea model and in vitro in a 3-dimensional gel.
and phospholipase
D inhibition inhibits its pro-migration effects, but blocking PKC and tyrosine kinases has not been shown to have effect. Downstream to these ERK type MAP kinase and AKT are activated.
SCG2
SCG2, also called secretogranin II , is a protein which in humans is encoded by the SCG2 gene.- Function :The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the chromogranin/secretogranin family of neuroendocrine secretory proteins...
(chromogranin
Chromogranin
Granin is a protein family of regulated secretory proteins ubiquitously found in the cores of amine and peptide hormone and neurotransmitter dense-core secretory vesicles.- Function :...
C, CHGC) . Because of this secretogranin II is also called secretoneurin-included (SN, included).
Secretoneurin is involved in chemotaxis of monocytes and eosinophils (comparable in potency to IL8) and endothelial cells and in regulation of endothelial cell proliferation. Highest secretoneurin levels are found in anterior pituitary, followed by adrenal medulla
Adrenal medulla
The adrenal medulla is part of the adrenal gland. It is located at the center of the gland, being surrounded by the adrenal cortex. It is the innermost part of the adrenal gland, consisting of cells that secrete epinephrine , norepinephrine , and a small amount of dopamine in response to...
and posterior pituitary hypothalamus
Hypothalamus
The Hypothalamus is a portion of the brain that contains a number of small nuclei with a variety of functions...
(2- to 6-fold lower levels in other brain regions investigated). Secretoneurin has been shown to have potent angiogenic
Angiogenesis
Angiogenesis is the physiological process involving the growth of new blood vessels from pre-existing vessels. Though there has been some debate over terminology, vasculogenesis is the term used for spontaneous blood-vessel formation, and intussusception is the term for the formation of new blood...
activity in vivo in mouse cornea model and in vitro in a 3-dimensional gel.
Signaling
PI3 kinase, phosphodiesterasePhosphodiesterase
A phosphodiesterase is any enzyme that breaks a phosphodiester bond. Usually, people speaking of phosphodiesterase are referring to cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases, which have great clinical significance and are described below...
and phospholipase
Phospholipase
A phospholipase is an enzyme that hydrolyzes phospholipids into fatty acids and other lipophilic substances. There are four major classes, termed A, B, C and D, distinguished by the type of reaction which they catalyze:*Phospholipase A...
D inhibition inhibits its pro-migration effects, but blocking PKC and tyrosine kinases has not been shown to have effect. Downstream to these ERK type MAP kinase and AKT are activated.