Scroop Egerton, 1st Duke of Bridgewater
Encyclopedia
Scroop Egerton, 1st Duke of Bridgewater (11 August 1681 – 11 January 1744), known as Viscount Brackley from 1687 to 1701 and as the Earl of Bridgewater from 1701 to 1720, was a British
peer and courtier. Originally the 4th Earl of Bridgewater
he was created Duke of Bridgewater in 1720 with the subsidiary title Marquess of Brackley.
He served as Lord Lieutenant of Buckinghamshire
twice, first from 1702 to 1711 and next from 1714 to 1728, as a Whig
. He was employed in the household of Prince George of Denmark as Gentleman of the Bedchamber and Master of the Horse. He later served as Lord Chamberlain to Caroline of Ansbach
, then Princess of Wales, and subsequently as Lord of the Bedchamber to her husband King George II
.
There is evidence that he was educated at the Croydon School of John Whitgift
.
He was the third son of John Egerton, 3rd Earl of Bridgewater
and his second wife Jane Paulet. His maternal grandparents were Charles Paulet, 1st Duke of Bolton
and his second wife Mary Scrope. Mary was a natural daughter of Emanuel Scrope, 1st Earl of Sunderland
.
On 9 February 1703. Bridgewater married his first wife Lady Elizabeth Churchill. She was a daughter of John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough
and Sarah Churchill, Duchess of Marlborough
. They had two children:
On 4 August 1722, Bridgewater married his second wife Lady Rachel Russell. She was a daughter of Wriothesley Russell, 2nd Duke of Bedford
and his wife Elizabeth Howland. They had seven children:
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
peer and courtier. Originally the 4th Earl of Bridgewater
Earl of Bridgewater
-History:The earldom was first created in 1538 for Henry Daubeny, 9th Baron Daubeny. The Daubeney family descended from Elias Daubeny, who in 1295 was summoned by writ to the Model Parliament as Lord Daubeny. The eighth Baron was created Baron Daubeny by letters patent in the Peerage of England in...
he was created Duke of Bridgewater in 1720 with the subsidiary title Marquess of Brackley.
He served as Lord Lieutenant of Buckinghamshire
Lord Lieutenant of Buckinghamshire
There has been a Lord Lieutenant of Buckinghamshire almost continuously since the position was created by King Henry VIII in 1535. The only exception to this was the English Civil War and English Interregnum between 1643 and 1660 when there was no king to support the Lieutenancy...
twice, first from 1702 to 1711 and next from 1714 to 1728, as a Whig
British Whig Party
The Whigs were a party in the Parliament of England, Parliament of Great Britain, and Parliament of the United Kingdom, who contested power with the rival Tories from the 1680s to the 1850s. The Whigs' origin lay in constitutional monarchism and opposition to absolute rule...
. He was employed in the household of Prince George of Denmark as Gentleman of the Bedchamber and Master of the Horse. He later served as Lord Chamberlain to Caroline of Ansbach
Caroline of Ansbach
Caroline of Brandenburg-Ansbach was the queen consort of King George II of Great Britain.Her father, John Frederick, Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach, was the ruler of a small German state...
, then Princess of Wales, and subsequently as Lord of the Bedchamber to her husband King George II
George II of Great Britain
George II was King of Great Britain and Ireland, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg and Archtreasurer and Prince-elector of the Holy Roman Empire from 11 June 1727 until his death.George was the last British monarch born outside Great Britain. He was born and brought up in Northern Germany...
.
There is evidence that he was educated at the Croydon School of John Whitgift
John Whitgift
John Whitgift was the Archbishop of Canterbury from 1583 to his death. Noted for his hospitality, he was somewhat ostentatious in his habits, sometimes visiting Canterbury and other towns attended by a retinue of 800 horsemen...
.
He was the third son of John Egerton, 3rd Earl of Bridgewater
John Egerton, 3rd Earl of Bridgewater
John Egerton, 3rd Earl of Bridgewater was the eldest son of John Egerton, 2nd Earl of Bridgewater and his wife Elizabeth Cavendish. His maternal grandparents were William Cavendish, 1st Duke of Newcastle and his first wife Elizabeth Basset.He served as a Member of Parliament for Buckinghamshire as...
and his second wife Jane Paulet. His maternal grandparents were Charles Paulet, 1st Duke of Bolton
Charles Paulet, 1st Duke of Bolton
Charles Paulet, 1st Duke of Bolton, PC , son of John Paulet, 5th Marquess of Winchester. He became the sixth Marquess of Winchester on his father's death in 1675, was Member of Parliament for Winchester and then for Hampshire from 1660 to 1675...
and his second wife Mary Scrope. Mary was a natural daughter of Emanuel Scrope, 1st Earl of Sunderland
Emanuel Scrope, 1st Earl of Sunderland
Emanuel Scrope, 1st Earl of Sunderland, 11th Baron Scrope of Bolton was an English nobleman. He was Lord President of the King's Council in the North.-Family:...
.
On 9 February 1703. Bridgewater married his first wife Lady Elizabeth Churchill. She was a daughter of John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough
John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough
John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough, Prince of Mindelheim, KG, PC , was an English soldier and statesman whose career spanned the reigns of five monarchs through the late 17th and early 18th centuries...
and Sarah Churchill, Duchess of Marlborough
Sarah Churchill, Duchess of Marlborough
Sarah Churchill , Duchess of Marlborough rose to be one of the most influential women in British history as a result of her close friendship with Queen Anne of Great Britain.Sarah's friendship and influence with Princess Anne was widely known, and leading public figures...
. They had two children:
- John Egerton, Viscount Brackley (b. 1703/4, d. 1718/9)
- Anne Egerton (d. 1762/1763). Married first Wriothesley Russell, 3rd Duke of BedfordWriothesley Russell, 3rd Duke of BedfordWriothesley Russell, 3rd Duke of Bedford was the son of Wriothesley Russell, 2nd Duke of Bedford.Russell married his sister's stepdaughter, Lady Anne Egerton, daughter of Scroop Egerton, 1st Duke of Bridgwater, on 22 April 1725.He died in 1732, aged 24 at Corunna, Spain, without issue...
and secondly William Villiers, 3rd Earl of JerseyWilliam Villiers, 3rd Earl of JerseyWilliam Villiers, 3rd Earl of Jersey PC was an English peer, the son of William Villiers, 2nd Earl of Jersey.Among other achievements, Villiers was a founding Governor of the Foundling Hospital, a charity which received its royal charter on 17 October 1739 to operate an orphanage for abandoned...
.
On 4 August 1722, Bridgewater married his second wife Lady Rachel Russell. She was a daughter of Wriothesley Russell, 2nd Duke of Bedford
Wriothesley Russell, 2nd Duke of Bedford
Wriothesley Russell, 2nd Duke of Bedford KG was the son of William Russell, Lord Russell and his wife Lady Rachel Wriothesley...
and his wife Elizabeth Howland. They had seven children:
- Louisa Egerton (30 April 1723 - 14 March 1761). Married Granville Leveson-Gower, 1st Marquess of StaffordGranville Leveson-Gower, 1st Marquess of StaffordGranville Leveson-Gower, 1st Marquess of Stafford PC , known as Viscount Trentham from 1746 to 1754 and as The Earl Gower from 1754 to 1786, was a British politician.-Background:...
. - Caroline Egerton (b. 21 May 1724).
- Charles Egerton, Marquess of Brackley (27 July 1725 - 2 May 1731).
- John Egerton, 2nd Duke of BridgewaterJohn Egerton, 2nd Duke of BridgewaterJohn Egerton, 2nd Duke of Bridgwater , known as Lord John Egerton until 1731 and as Marquess of Brackley from 1731 to 1745, was a British peer....
(1727 - 1748). - William Egerton (15 January 1728 - 10 February 1729).
- Diana Egerton (3 March 1731/1732 - 13 August 1758). Married Frederick Calvert, 6th Baron BaltimoreFrederick Calvert, 6th Baron BaltimoreFrederick Calvert, 6th Baron Baltimore, 4th Proprietor of Maryland was an English nobleman and last in the line of Barons Baltimore...
. - Francis Egerton, 3rd Duke of BridgewaterFrancis Egerton, 3rd Duke of BridgewaterFrancis Egerton, 3rd Duke of Bridgewater , known as Lord Francis Egerton until 1748, was a British nobleman, the younger son of the 1st Duke...
(21 May 1736 - 8 March 1803).