Schwalbach am Taunus
Encyclopedia
Schwalbach am Taunus is a town in the Main-Taunus-Kreis
district, in Hesse
, Germany
. It is situated approx. 11 km west of Frankfurt
(centre).
(at 5000 B.C.) and during the Roman times (at 180 AD). 1839 a four gods stone (Viergötterstein) was found which shows that there was formerly a roman manor, a so called “villa rustica”. The discovery of a Merovingian grave let assume that the territory was also populated during the post-Roman times, the Franks
times.
The first time Schwalbach was mentioned documentarily was in 781 AD, when a knight named Starcfrit and his mother Mechthilt made a gift to the cloister Lorsch
at the Bergstrasse. This gift was 70 acre arable farm land, two farms and grassland in “villa Sualebach”. For centuries Schwalbach is a little village with a farming character and no more than 200, at most 300 inhabitants. It is always in dependency of foreign masters, since the year 1635 finally under the reign of Königstein, which belongs in turn to the Electorate of Mainz. In the castle of Schwalbach, the there committed knights of the gentry, execute their sovereignty and also jurisdiction as steward or sheriffs.
After the secularisation in 1803 and the with it combined disbanding of the Electorate of Mainz, Schwalbach belongs as of 1806 to the new founded Duchy of Nassau. In 1866, after the Prussian-Austrian War, Schwalbach is allocated to the province of Hesse
-Nassau and belongs since 1928 to the Main-Taunus-Kreis
district. In mid-19th century Schwalbach is still a village, whose population lives nearly solely out of the agriculture. In 1843 about 100 houses with 165 families and altogether 703 inhabitants were counted.
Not until the Franco-Prussian War
from 1870/71, first changes were to bespoken in Schwalbach. Young men work as craftsmen in the industrial enterprises of the near suburbs of Frankfurt
(Rödelheim, Höchst or Bockenheim). A slight increase of the artisan class, as well as a steady rise of the popularity of Schwalbach as an excursion destination for the citizens of Frankfurt is registered. From 1,500 in 1925 to 3,300 in 1956 the population figure increases steadily.
The Second World War made also a mark on Schwalbach am Taunus. Four aerial attacks claimed nearly 40 dead people. The grave aerial attack occurs on 25th September 1944.
The biggest change in the history of Schwalbach means the construction of the Limes-city in the years 1960 to 1964. The number of homes destroyed in the Second World War and the growing number of young families with children let start the idea to build a residential town in the countryside, next to the inner city, in Schwalbach. With the Limes residential city an award-winning urban construction model has been implemented, which is served by line S 3
of the Rhine-Main S-Bahn
and has churches, kindergartens, schools, sports fields, a public swimming pool and a lot of public green space. The population of Schwalbach is growing by leaps and bounds in those years. In 1970 about 14,000 inhabitants were counted. On May 9th 1970 Schwalbach preserved the municipal law. From the small farming village, which was often called “Little Schwalbach”, a modern city with many benefits came up.
with: Olkusz
, Poland
Avrille
, France
Yarm
, United Kingdom
Schkopau
, Germany
.
Main-Taunus-Kreis
Main-Taunus is a Kreis in the middle of Hesse, Germany and is part of the Frankfurt/Rhine-Main Metropolitan Region as well as the Frankfurt urban area...
district, in Hesse
Hesse
Hesse or Hessia is both a cultural region of Germany and the name of an individual German state.* The cultural region of Hesse includes both the State of Hesse and the area known as Rhenish Hesse in the neighbouring Rhineland-Palatinate state...
, Germany
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
. It is situated approx. 11 km west of Frankfurt
Frankfurt
Frankfurt am Main , commonly known simply as Frankfurt, is the largest city in the German state of Hesse and the fifth-largest city in Germany, with a 2010 population of 688,249. The urban area had an estimated population of 2,300,000 in 2010...
(centre).
History
In the years 1961 to 1963 were archaeological discoveries made in the area of the today’s town centre. These discoveries prove the settlement of the territory of Schwalbach in the NeolithicNeolithic
The Neolithic Age, Era, or Period, or New Stone Age, was a period in the development of human technology, beginning about 9500 BC in some parts of the Middle East, and later in other parts of the world. It is traditionally considered as the last part of the Stone Age...
(at 5000 B.C.) and during the Roman times (at 180 AD). 1839 a four gods stone (Viergötterstein) was found which shows that there was formerly a roman manor, a so called “villa rustica”. The discovery of a Merovingian grave let assume that the territory was also populated during the post-Roman times, the Franks
Franks
The Franks were a confederation of Germanic tribes first attested in the third century AD as living north and east of the Lower Rhine River. From the third to fifth centuries some Franks raided Roman territory while other Franks joined the Roman troops in Gaul. Only the Salian Franks formed a...
times.
The first time Schwalbach was mentioned documentarily was in 781 AD, when a knight named Starcfrit and his mother Mechthilt made a gift to the cloister Lorsch
Lorsch
Lorsch is a town in the Bergstraße district in Hesse, Germany, 60 km south of Frankfurt. Lorsch is well known for the Lorsch Abbey, which has been named a World Heritage Site.-Location:...
at the Bergstrasse. This gift was 70 acre arable farm land, two farms and grassland in “villa Sualebach”. For centuries Schwalbach is a little village with a farming character and no more than 200, at most 300 inhabitants. It is always in dependency of foreign masters, since the year 1635 finally under the reign of Königstein, which belongs in turn to the Electorate of Mainz. In the castle of Schwalbach, the there committed knights of the gentry, execute their sovereignty and also jurisdiction as steward or sheriffs.
After the secularisation in 1803 and the with it combined disbanding of the Electorate of Mainz, Schwalbach belongs as of 1806 to the new founded Duchy of Nassau. In 1866, after the Prussian-Austrian War, Schwalbach is allocated to the province of Hesse
Hesse
Hesse or Hessia is both a cultural region of Germany and the name of an individual German state.* The cultural region of Hesse includes both the State of Hesse and the area known as Rhenish Hesse in the neighbouring Rhineland-Palatinate state...
-Nassau and belongs since 1928 to the Main-Taunus-Kreis
Main-Taunus-Kreis
Main-Taunus is a Kreis in the middle of Hesse, Germany and is part of the Frankfurt/Rhine-Main Metropolitan Region as well as the Frankfurt urban area...
district. In mid-19th century Schwalbach is still a village, whose population lives nearly solely out of the agriculture. In 1843 about 100 houses with 165 families and altogether 703 inhabitants were counted.
Not until the Franco-Prussian War
Franco-Prussian War
The Franco-Prussian War or Franco-German War, often referred to in France as the 1870 War was a conflict between the Second French Empire and the Kingdom of Prussia. Prussia was aided by the North German Confederation, of which it was a member, and the South German states of Baden, Württemberg and...
from 1870/71, first changes were to bespoken in Schwalbach. Young men work as craftsmen in the industrial enterprises of the near suburbs of Frankfurt
Frankfurt
Frankfurt am Main , commonly known simply as Frankfurt, is the largest city in the German state of Hesse and the fifth-largest city in Germany, with a 2010 population of 688,249. The urban area had an estimated population of 2,300,000 in 2010...
(Rödelheim, Höchst or Bockenheim). A slight increase of the artisan class, as well as a steady rise of the popularity of Schwalbach as an excursion destination for the citizens of Frankfurt is registered. From 1,500 in 1925 to 3,300 in 1956 the population figure increases steadily.
The Second World War made also a mark on Schwalbach am Taunus. Four aerial attacks claimed nearly 40 dead people. The grave aerial attack occurs on 25th September 1944.
The biggest change in the history of Schwalbach means the construction of the Limes-city in the years 1960 to 1964. The number of homes destroyed in the Second World War and the growing number of young families with children let start the idea to build a residential town in the countryside, next to the inner city, in Schwalbach. With the Limes residential city an award-winning urban construction model has been implemented, which is served by line S 3
S3 (Rhine-Main S-Bahn)
The S3 service of the S-Bahn Rhein-Main system bearing the KBS number 645.3- City tunnel :The city tunnel is an underground, pure S-Bahn route used by almost all services...
of the Rhine-Main S-Bahn
Rhine-Main S-Bahn
The Rhine-Main S-Bahn system is an integrated rapid transit and commuter transport system for the Frankfurt/Rhine-Main region, which includes the cities Frankfurt am Main, Wiesbaden, Mainz, Offenbach am Main, Hanau and Darmstadt...
and has churches, kindergartens, schools, sports fields, a public swimming pool and a lot of public green space. The population of Schwalbach is growing by leaps and bounds in those years. In 1970 about 14,000 inhabitants were counted. On May 9th 1970 Schwalbach preserved the municipal law. From the small farming village, which was often called “Little Schwalbach”, a modern city with many benefits came up.
International relations
Schwalbach am Taunus is twinnedTown twinning
Twin towns and sister cities are two of many terms used to describe the cooperative agreements between towns, cities, and even counties in geographically and politically distinct areas to promote cultural and commercial ties.- Terminology :...
with: Olkusz
Olkusz
Olkusz is a town in south Poland with 37,696 inhabitants . Situated in the Lesser Poland Voivodeship , previously in Katowice Voivodeship , it is the capital of Olkusz County...
, Poland
Poland
Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north...
Avrille
Avrillé, Maine-et-Loire
Avrillé is a commune in the Maine-et-Loire department in western France.-See also:*Communes of the Maine-et-Loire department...
, France
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
Yarm
Yarm
Yarm is a small town and civil parish in the borough of Stockton-on-Tees in North East England. It is on the south bank of the River Tees and for ceremonial purposes is in North Yorkshire...
, United Kingdom
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
Schkopau
Schkopau
Schkopau is a municipality in the Saalekreis district, in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. It is situated on the river Saale, approx. 4 km north of Merseburg, and 10 km south of Halle . During World War II, the Schkopau plant was the greatest producer of Axis synthetic rubber ....
, Germany
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
.