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Schmargendorf
Encyclopedia
Schmargendorf is a south-western locality (Ortsteil) of Berlin
in the district (Bezirk) of Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf
. Until 2001 it was part of the former district of Wilmersdorf
.
was first mentioned as Margrevendorf in 1354. It was probably established about 1220 by German
settlers in the course of the Ostsiedlung
under the co-ruling Ascanian Margraves John I and Otto III of Brandenburg, after the former Slavic
territories had been conquered by their great-grandfather Albert the Bear. The village name developed from the antiquated name form des or ’s Margreven Dorp (literally in the Margrave's Village), contracted to Low German Smargendorp and later adapted to High German standard as Schmargendorf.
During the growth of the City of Berlin, many former peasants profited by the real estate speculation. In 1899 Schmargendorf was separated from neighbouring Wilmersdorf and received municipal rights, whereafter the residents had the lavish Neo-Gothic
town hall erected in 1902. However in 1920 the municipality of the former Brandenburgian Teltow district was incorporated into Berlin by the "Greater Berlin Act
".
Since 1954 Schmargendorf houses the Berlinisches Gymnasium zum Grauen Kloster
, formerly located in Berlin Mitte
.
(with Grunewald Forest
) in the west, Halensee
in the north, Wilmersdorf
in the north and east, as well as Dahlem
(this one in Steglitz-Zehlendorf
borough) in the south. The northern border is marked by the Ringbahn line of the Berlin S-Bahn
and the Stadtring
motorway.
(Ringbahn) + S46
; U-Bahn
line U3
) and Hohenzollerndamm (S-Bahn line S4).
By car it can be reached on the Stadtring motorway (BAB 100), at the Hohenzollerndamm exit (No. 13), and via the Schmargendorf junction (No. 14, former BAB 104) at the exit Mecklenburgische Straße.
Berlin
Berlin is the capital city of Germany and is one of the 16 states of Germany. With a population of 3.45 million people, Berlin is Germany's largest city. It is the second most populous city proper and the seventh most populous urban area in the European Union...
in the district (Bezirk) of Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf
Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf
Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf is the fourth borough of Berlin, formed in the 2001 administrative reform by merging the former boroughs of Charlottenburg and Wilmersdorf.-Overview:Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf covers the western centre of the City of Berlin...
. Until 2001 it was part of the former district of Wilmersdorf
Wilmersdorf
Wilmersdorf is an inner city locality of Berlin, formerly a borough by itself but since Berlin's 2001 administrative reform a part of the new borough of Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf.-History:...
.
History
The village in the Margraviate of BrandenburgMargraviate of Brandenburg
The Margraviate of Brandenburg was a major principality of the Holy Roman Empire from 1157 to 1806. Also known as the March of Brandenburg , it played a pivotal role in the history of Germany and Central Europe....
was first mentioned as Margrevendorf in 1354. It was probably established about 1220 by German
Germans
The Germans are a Germanic ethnic group native to Central Europe. The English term Germans has referred to the German-speaking population of the Holy Roman Empire since the Late Middle Ages....
settlers in the course of the Ostsiedlung
Ostsiedlung
Ostsiedlung , also called German eastward expansion, was the medieval eastward migration and settlement of Germans from modern day western and central Germany into less-populated regions and countries of eastern Central Europe and Eastern Europe. The affected area roughly stretched from Slovenia...
under the co-ruling Ascanian Margraves John I and Otto III of Brandenburg, after the former Slavic
Polabian Slavs
Polabian Slavs - is a collective term applied to a number of Lechites tribes who lived along the Elbe river, between the Baltic Sea to the north, the Saale and the Limes Saxoniae to the west, the Ore Mountains and the Western Sudetes to the south, and Poland to the east. They have also been known...
territories had been conquered by their great-grandfather Albert the Bear. The village name developed from the antiquated name form des or ’s Margreven Dorp (literally in the Margrave's Village), contracted to Low German Smargendorp and later adapted to High German standard as Schmargendorf.
During the growth of the City of Berlin, many former peasants profited by the real estate speculation. In 1899 Schmargendorf was separated from neighbouring Wilmersdorf and received municipal rights, whereafter the residents had the lavish Neo-Gothic
Gothic Revival architecture
The Gothic Revival is an architectural movement that began in the 1740s in England...
town hall erected in 1902. However in 1920 the municipality of the former Brandenburgian Teltow district was incorporated into Berlin by the "Greater Berlin Act
Greater Berlin Act
The Greater Berlin Act , in full the Law Regarding the Reconstruction of the New Local Authority of Berlin , was a law passed by the Prussian government in 1920 that greatly expanded the size of the German capital of Berlin.-History:...
".
Since 1954 Schmargendorf houses the Berlinisches Gymnasium zum Grauen Kloster
Berlinisches Gymnasium zum Grauen Kloster
The Berlinisches Gymnasium zum Grauen Kloster is the oldest Gymnasium in Berlin and continues to this day as the Evangelisches Gymnasium zum Grauen Kloster. It is a private school with a humanistic profile and known as one of the most prestigious schools in Germany...
, formerly located in Berlin Mitte
Mitte (locality)
Mitte is a central locality of Berlin in the homonymous district of Mitte. Until 2001 it was itself an autonomous district....
.
Geography
Schmargendorf borders with the localities of GrunewaldGrunewald
Grunewald is a locality within the Berliner borough of Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf. Famous for the homonymous forest, until 2001 administrative reform it was part of the former district of Wilmersdorf.-Geography:The locality is situated in the western side of the city and is separated from...
(with Grunewald Forest
Grunewald (forest)
Grunewald is a German forest located in the western side of Berlin on the east side of the Havel, mainly in the Grunewald district...
) in the west, Halensee
Halensee
Halensee is a locality of Berlin in the district of Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf. Until 2004 the former neighbourhood established about 1880 was part of the Wilmersdorf locality, and until 2001 of the same-named former borough...
in the north, Wilmersdorf
Wilmersdorf
Wilmersdorf is an inner city locality of Berlin, formerly a borough by itself but since Berlin's 2001 administrative reform a part of the new borough of Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf.-History:...
in the north and east, as well as Dahlem
Dahlem (Berlin)
Dahlem is a locality of the Steglitz-Zehlendorf borough in southwestern Berlin. Until Berlin's 2001 administrative reform it was a part of the former borough of Zehlendorf. Dahlem is one of the most affluent parts of the city and home to the main campus of the Free University of Berlin with the...
(this one in Steglitz-Zehlendorf
Steglitz-Zehlendorf
Steglitz-Zehlendorf is the sixth borough of Berlin, formed in Berlin's 2001 administrative reform by merging the former boroughs of Steglitz and Zehlendorf.-Demographics:...
borough) in the south. The northern border is marked by the Ringbahn line of the Berlin S-Bahn
Berlin S-Bahn
The Berlin S-Bahn is a rapid transit system in and around Berlin, the capital city of Germany. It consists of 15 lines and is integrated with the mostly underground U-Bahn to form the backbone of Berlin's rapid transport system...
and the Stadtring
Bundesautobahn 100
is an Autobahn in Germany. The A 100 encloses the city centre of the German capital Berlin, running from the Wedding district of the Berlin-Mitte borough in a southwestern bow through Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf and Tempelhof-Schöneberg to Neukölln...
motorway.
Transport
At its northern rim Schmargendorf is served by the Ringbahn urban rail stations of Heidelberger Platz (S-Bahn lines : S4S4X (Berlin)
S41 and S42 operate a circular service on the Ringbahn section of the Berlin S-Bahn. The S41 operates clockwise around the circle, the S42 operates counter-clockwise....
(Ringbahn) + S46
S46 (Berlin)
The Berlin S-Bahn line 46 runs from Königs Wusterhausen to Westend. It operates over:*the Görlitz line, opened in 1866 and electrified in 1929,*the Baumschulenweg–Neukölln link line, opened on 8 June 1896 and electrified in 1928 and...
; U-Bahn
Berlin U-Bahn
The Berlin is a rapid transit railway in Berlin, the capital city of Germany, and is a major part of the public transport system of that city. Opened in 1902, the serves 173 stations spread across ten lines, with a total track length of , about 80% of which is underground...
line U3
U3 (Berlin U-Bahn)
U3 is a line on the Berlin U-Bahn created in its current version on 12 December 2004. The routing is the same as the previous U2 until 1993, only run from Krumme Lanke to Wittenbergplatz....
) and Hohenzollerndamm (S-Bahn line S4).
By car it can be reached on the Stadtring motorway (BAB 100), at the Hohenzollerndamm exit (No. 13), and via the Schmargendorf junction (No. 14, former BAB 104) at the exit Mecklenburgische Straße.
Personalities
- Heinz DracheHeinz DracheHeinz Drache was a German film actor. He appeared in 42 films between 1953 and 2002.He was born in Essen, Germany and died in Berlin, Germany.-Selected filmography:* The Rest Is Silence...
(1923–2002), actor - Cornelia FroboessCornelia FroboessCornelia Froboess is a German actress and a teen idol of the 1950s and early 1960s. During that time, Froboess appeared in many musical films, especially after the rock and roll wave had hit Germany...
(b. 1943), actress - John HeartfieldJohn HeartfieldJohn Heartfield is the anglicized name of the German photomontage artist Helmut Herzfeld...
(1891–1968), photographer - Brigitte MiraBrigitte MiraBrigitte Mira was a German actress. She worked in both theater and film, often with Rainer Werner Fassbinder....
(1910–2005), actress - Lea RoshLea RoshLea Rosh is a German television journalist, publicist, entrepreneur and political activist. Rosh was the first female journalist to manage a public broadcasting service in Germany and in the 70's the first anchorwoman of Kennzeichen D, a major political television program. She has been a member of...
(b. 1936), tv journalist