Scaphopetalum
Encyclopedia
Scaphopetalum is a genus previously classified under the plant family Sterculiaceae
. Currently, under the APG II system the genus is placed under the subfamily Byttnerioideae
of the family Malvaceae senso lato. The distribution of the genus is restricted to the rain forests of Africa. In total 26 taxa have been described, 21 have been recognized (20 species and 1 variety), two invalid and one nomen nudus (without a formal description).
. Three species were described by Maxwell T. Masters
, S. longe-penduculatum, S. blackii and S. mannii.
Later, É. De Wildeman and T. Durant (June,1897) described S. thonneri based on material collected by F. Thonner from northern DRC. A few months later K.Schumann (October,1897) described four new species, S. stipulosum, S. macranthum, S. zenkeri and S. monophysca. The last species, S. monophysca closely resembles S. thonerii and its description is based on material from Cameroon and Gabon.
The next six new species are a contribution of German taxonomists mainly based on material from Cameroon collected by Ledermann, Mildbraed and Zenker. In 1908 H.Winkler describes S. paxii. collected by himself in Cameroon. Engler and Krause described two species in 1911, S. pallidinervis and S. riparia and three in 1913, S.discolor, S. acuminatum and S. bruneo-purpureum. S. discolor is a species from Congo and the other four from Cameroon. That same year Baker f. described two species based on material collected by Talbot from Nigeria, S. parvifolium and S. talbotii.
The first species for West Africa was described by A. Chevalier in 1917 and named S. amoenum. For the Mayombe region (Gabon) two species were described by Pellegrine in 1921, S. letestui and S. ngounyense. The first species was made synoniem by Halle in 1961 as a variety within S. blackii, S. blackii var. letestui. In the same publication N. Halle splits off another variety S. thonneri var. klainei. Both varieties were described without a prologe in latin and subsequently invalid. In the same year R. Germain describes a new species S. vanderijstii and a new variety S. dewevrei var. suborophila both for DRC. The most recent species is described from Equatorial Guinea, S.obiangianum by M.E.Leal in 2007.
Sterculiaceae
Sterculiaceae is a botanical name for a group of flowering plants at the rank of family, which is now considered obsolete. As is true for any botanical name, the circumscription, status and placement of the taxon has varied with taxonomic point of view...
. Currently, under the APG II system the genus is placed under the subfamily Byttnerioideae
Byttnerioideae
Byttnerioideae is a subfamily of the flowering plant family Malvaceae.-Genera:...
of the family Malvaceae senso lato. The distribution of the genus is restricted to the rain forests of Africa. In total 26 taxa have been described, 21 have been recognized (20 species and 1 variety), two invalid and one nomen nudus (without a formal description).
History
The genus Scaphopetalum was first described by Masters (1867) , based on material from Equitorial Guinee (Mt.John) collected by Gustav MannGustav Mann
Gustav Mann was a German botanist who led expeditions in West Africa and was also a gardener at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.Born in Hanover in 1836, he was chosen by William Jackson Hooker, Director of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, to take part in William Balfour Baikie's expedition to West...
. Three species were described by Maxwell T. Masters
Maxwell T. Masters
Maxwell Tylden Masters was an English botanist and taxonomist. He was educated at King's College London and the University of St Andrews...
, S. longe-penduculatum, S. blackii and S. mannii.
Later, É. De Wildeman and T. Durant (June,1897) described S. thonneri based on material collected by F. Thonner from northern DRC. A few months later K.Schumann (October,1897) described four new species, S. stipulosum, S. macranthum, S. zenkeri and S. monophysca. The last species, S. monophysca closely resembles S. thonerii and its description is based on material from Cameroon and Gabon.
The next six new species are a contribution of German taxonomists mainly based on material from Cameroon collected by Ledermann, Mildbraed and Zenker. In 1908 H.Winkler describes S. paxii. collected by himself in Cameroon. Engler and Krause described two species in 1911, S. pallidinervis and S. riparia and three in 1913, S.discolor, S. acuminatum and S. bruneo-purpureum. S. discolor is a species from Congo and the other four from Cameroon. That same year Baker f. described two species based on material collected by Talbot from Nigeria, S. parvifolium and S. talbotii.
The first species for West Africa was described by A. Chevalier in 1917 and named S. amoenum. For the Mayombe region (Gabon) two species were described by Pellegrine in 1921, S. letestui and S. ngounyense. The first species was made synoniem by Halle in 1961 as a variety within S. blackii, S. blackii var. letestui. In the same publication N. Halle splits off another variety S. thonneri var. klainei. Both varieties were described without a prologe in latin and subsequently invalid. In the same year R. Germain describes a new species S. vanderijstii and a new variety S. dewevrei var. suborophila both for DRC. The most recent species is described from Equatorial Guinea, S.obiangianum by M.E.Leal in 2007.
Species
- Scaphopetalum accuminatum Engl. & Krause (1913)
- Scaphopetalum amoeum A.Chev. (1917)
- Scaphopetalum blackiiScaphopetalum blackiiScaphopetalum blackii is a flowering plant species of the genus Scaphopetalum of the plant family Malvaceae described by Maxwell T. Masters in 1867.-Prologue:...
Mast. (1869) - Scaphopetalum blackii var. letestui (Pellegr.) N.Halle (1961) invalid
- Scaphopetalum bruneopurpureum Engl.& Krause (1913)
- Scaphopetalum dewevrei Dewild.& Th.Dur. (1900)
- Scaphopetalum discolor Engl.& Krause (1913)
- Scaphopetalum letestui Pellegr. (1921) synoniem
- Scaphopetalum longepedunculatum Mast. (1869)
- Scaphopetalum macranthum K.Schum. (1900)
- Scaphopetalum mannii Mast. (1869)
- Scaphopetalum monophysca K.Schum. (1900) synoniem
- Scaphopetalum ngouyense Pellegr. (1921)
- Scaphopetalum obiangianum M.E.Leal (2007)
- Scaphopetalum pallidinervis Engl.& Krause (1911)
- Scaphopetalum parvifoliumScaphopetalum parvifoliumScaphopetalum parvifolium is a species of plant in the Sterculiaceae family. It is endemic to Nigeria. It is threatened by habitat loss.-References:* World Conservation Monitoring Centre 1998. . Downloaded on 23 August 2007....
BakerJohn Gilbert BakerJohn Gilbert Baker was an English botanist.Baker was born in Guisborough, the son of John and Mary Baker and educated at Quaker schools in Ackworth and York....
f. (1913) - Scaphopetalum paxii H.Winkl. (1908)
- Scaphopetalum riparia Engl.& Krause (1911)
- Scaphopetalum staudtii K. Schum. nomen nudus synomiem of Cola marsupium K.Schum.
- Scaphopetalum stipulosum K.Schum. (1900)
- Scaphopetalum talbotii Bak.f. (1913)
- Scaphopetalum thonneri Dewild.& Th.Dur. (1897)
- Scaphopetalum thonneri var. klainei Pierre ex N.Halle (1961) invalid
- Scaphopetalum vanderystii R.Germain (1961)
- Scaphopetalum dewevrei var. suborophylla R.Germain (1961)
- Scaphopetalum zenkeri K.Schum. (1900)