Scan tool (automotive)
Encyclopedia
An automotive scan tool (scanner) is an electronic tool used to interface with, diagnose and, sometimes, reprogram vehicle control modules
.
There are many types from just as many manufacturers, one of the most familiar being the Snap-On
"brick", or MT2500/MTG2500. Snap-On, OTC/SPX, Vetronix/Bosch, and a number of other companies produce various types of scan tools, from simple code readers to highly capable bi-directional computers with programming capabilities.
The scan tool is connected to the vehicle's data link connector
(DLC) and, depending on the particular tool, may only read out diagnostic trouble codes or DTC's (This would be considered a "code reader") or may have more capabilities; Actual scan tools will display live data stream (inputs and outputs), have bi-directional controls (the ability to make the controllers do things outside of normal operations) and may even be able to calibrate/program modules within certain parameters. However, a typical scan tool does not have the ability to fully reprogram modules; This requires a pass-through device
and specific software.
Electronic control unit
In automotive electronics, electronic control unit is a generic term for any embedded system that controls one or more of the electrical systems or subsystems in a motor vehicle....
.
There are many types from just as many manufacturers, one of the most familiar being the Snap-On
Snap-on
Snap-on is a leading US designer, manufacturer and marketer of tools and equipment to professional tool users. It was founded in 1920. Snap-on is located in Kenosha, Wisconsin, and employs approximately 11,500 people worldwide...
"brick", or MT2500/MTG2500. Snap-On, OTC/SPX, Vetronix/Bosch, and a number of other companies produce various types of scan tools, from simple code readers to highly capable bi-directional computers with programming capabilities.
The scan tool is connected to the vehicle's data link connector
Data link connector (automotive)
The Data Link Connector is the multi-pin diagnostic connection port for automobiles and trucks used to interface a scan tool with the control modules of a given vehicle and access On-Board Diagnostics and live data streams....
(DLC) and, depending on the particular tool, may only read out diagnostic trouble codes or DTC's (This would be considered a "code reader") or may have more capabilities; Actual scan tools will display live data stream (inputs and outputs), have bi-directional controls (the ability to make the controllers do things outside of normal operations) and may even be able to calibrate/program modules within certain parameters. However, a typical scan tool does not have the ability to fully reprogram modules; This requires a pass-through device
Pass through device (automotive)
A pass-through device is used in conjunction with a computer to reprogram vehicle control modules through the OBD-II/CANbus port. Each manufacturer has their own type, but SAE International standardized the J-2534 universal requirements in 2004, requiring all manufacturers to allow vehicles sold...
and specific software.