S and T class destroyer
Encyclopedia
The S and T class was a class
of sixteen destroyer
s of the Royal Navy
launched in 1942–1943. They were built as two flotillas, known as the 5th and 6th Emergency Flotilla respectively and they served as fleet
and convoy
escorts in World War II
.
HA Fire Control Computer.
The quadruple mounting Mark VII for the QF 2 pounder pom-pom
s was replaced by the twin mounting Mark IV for the 40 mm Bofors gun
. Known as the "Hazemeyer" (or "Haslemere"), this advanced mounting was tri-axially stabilised in order that a target could be kept in the sights on the pitching deck of a destroyer and was fitted with an analog fire control computer and Radar Type 282, a metric range finding set. The Hazemeyer design had been brought to Britain by the Dutch
minelayer Willem van der Zaan that escaped German occupation in May 1940.
Ship class
A ship class is a group of ships of a similar design. This is distinct from a ship-type, which might reflect a similarity of tonnage or intended use. For example, the is a nuclear aircraft carrier of the Nimitz class....
of sixteen destroyer
Destroyer
In naval terminology, a destroyer is a fast and maneuverable yet long-endurance warship intended to escort larger vessels in a fleet, convoy or battle group and defend them against smaller, powerful, short-range attackers. Destroyers, originally called torpedo-boat destroyers in 1892, evolved from...
s of the Royal Navy
Royal Navy
The Royal Navy is the naval warfare service branch of the British Armed Forces. Founded in the 16th century, it is the oldest service branch and is known as the Senior Service...
launched in 1942–1943. They were built as two flotillas, known as the 5th and 6th Emergency Flotilla respectively and they served as fleet
Naval fleet
A fleet, or naval fleet, is a large formation of warships, and the largest formation in any navy. A fleet at sea is the direct equivalent of an army on land....
and convoy
Convoy
A convoy is a group of vehicles, typically motor vehicles or ships, traveling together for mutual support and protection. Often, a convoy is organized with armed defensive support, though it may also be used in a non-military sense, for example when driving through remote areas.-Age of Sail:Naval...
escorts in World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
.
Design features
The S class, introduced the CP (central pivot) Mark XXII mounting for the QF Mark XII 4.7 in guns. This new mounting had a shield with a sharply raked front, to allow increased elevation (to 55 degrees), contrasting noticeably with the vertical front of the previous CP Mark XVIII, and easily differentiated the S class onwards from their immediate predecessors. The Savage was the exception in this respect, being fitted with four 4.5 in guns; a twin mounting forward and two singles aft. These ships used the Fuze Keeping ClockFuze Keeping Clock
The Fuze Keeping Clock was a simplified version of the Royal Navy's High Angle Control System analogue fire control computer. It first appeared as the FKC Mk1 in destroyers of the 1938 Tribal class, while later variants were used on sloops, frigates, destroyers, aircraft carriers and several...
HA Fire Control Computer.
The quadruple mounting Mark VII for the QF 2 pounder pom-pom
QF 2 pounder naval gun
The 2-pounder gun, officially designated the QF 2-pounder and universally known as the pom-pom, was a 1.575 inch British autocannon, used famously as an anti-aircraft gun by the Royal Navy. The name came from the sound that the original models make when firing...
s was replaced by the twin mounting Mark IV for the 40 mm Bofors gun
Bofors 40 mm gun
The Bofors 40 mm gun is an anti-aircraft autocannon designed by the Swedish defence firm of Bofors Defence...
. Known as the "Hazemeyer" (or "Haslemere"), this advanced mounting was tri-axially stabilised in order that a target could be kept in the sights on the pitching deck of a destroyer and was fitted with an analog fire control computer and Radar Type 282, a metric range finding set. The Hazemeyer design had been brought to Britain by the Dutch
Royal Netherlands Navy
The Koninklijke Marine is the navy of the Netherlands. In the mid-17th century the Dutch Navy was the most powerful navy in the world and it played an active role in the wars of the Dutch Republic and later those of the Batavian Republic and the Kingdom of the Netherlands...
minelayer Willem van der Zaan that escaped German occupation in May 1940.
S class
- SaumarezHMS Saumarez (G12)HMS Saumarez was an S class destroyer of the Royal Navy, completed on 1 July 1943. As a flotilla leader, her standard displacement was 20 tons heavier than other ships of her class...
- Savage
- Scorpion (to Royal Dutch Navy as Hr Ms Kortenaar, 1945)
- ScourgeHMS Scourge (G01)HMS Scourge was an S-class destroyer. She was built by Cammell Laird, Birkenhead and launched on 8 December 1942.She was at sea during the Battle of North Cape in 1943, escorting the Russia-bound Arctic convoy JW 55B. She took no part in the fighting.She was sold to the Royal Netherlands Navy on 1...
(to Royal Dutch Navy as Hr Ms Evertsen, 1946) - Serapis (to Royal Dutch Navy as Hr Ms Piet Hein, 1945)
- Shark (to NorwayRoyal Norwegian NavyThe Royal Norwegian Navy is the branch of the Norwegian Defence Force responsible for naval operations. , the RNoN consists of approximately 3,700 personnel and 70 vessels, including 5 heavy frigates, 6 submarines, 14 patrol boats, 4 minesweepers, 4 minehunters, 1 mine detection vessel, 4 support...
as SvennerHNoMS SvennerHNoMS Svenner was an S-class destroyer in the service of the exiled Royal Norwegian Navy during World War II. She was launched on 1 June 1943 as the Royal Navy ship HMS Shark , but was rechristened HNoMS Svenner when she was commissioned in the Norwegian Navy in 1944...
) (lost on 6 June 1944) - Success (to NorwayRoyal Norwegian NavyThe Royal Norwegian Navy is the branch of the Norwegian Defence Force responsible for naval operations. , the RNoN consists of approximately 3,700 personnel and 70 vessels, including 5 heavy frigates, 6 submarines, 14 patrol boats, 4 minesweepers, 4 minehunters, 1 mine detection vessel, 4 support...
as Stord) - Swift (lost on 24 June 1944)
T class
- TeazerHMS Teazer (R23)HMS Teazer was a T-class destroyer of the British Royal Navy that saw service during World War II. She was later converted to a Type 16 fast anti-submarine frigate, with the new pennant number F23....
- TenaciousHMS Tenacious (R45)HMS Tenacious was a T-class destroyer of the Royal Navy that saw service during the Second World War. She was built by Cammell Laird, of Birkenhead and launched on 24 March 1943. She was later converted to a Type 16 fast anti-submarine frigate, with the new pennant number F44. Tenacious was sold...
- TermagantHMS Termagant (R89)HMS Termagant was a T-class destroyer of the Royal Navy that saw service during the Second World War. She was built by William Denny and Brothers, of Dumbarton and launched on 22 March 1943. She was later converted to a Type 16 fast anti-submarine frigate, with the new pennant number F189....
- TerpsichoreHMS Terpsichore (R33)HMS Terpsichore was a T-class destroyer of the British Royal Navy that saw service during World War II. She was later converted to a Type 16 fast anti-submarine frigate, with the new pennant number F19....
- TroubridgeHMS Troubridge (R00)HMS Troubridge was an T-class destroyer of the British Royal Navy that saw service during the Second World War.In 1943, she was sent to the Mediterranean, where she performed screening duties for major naval units...
- TumultHMS Tumult (R11)HMS Tumult was a T-class destroyer of the British Royal Navy that saw service during World War II. She was later converted to a Type 16 fast anti-submarine frigate, with the new pennant number F121.-External links:...
- TuscanHMS Tuscan (R56)HMS Tuscan was a T-class destroyer of the British Royal Navy. She was later converted to a Type 16 fast anti-submarine frigate, with the new pennant number F156.-External links:...
- TyrianHMS Tyrian (R67)HMS Tyrian was a T-class destroyer of the Royal Navy that saw service during the Second World War. She was later converted to a Type 16 fast anti-submarine frigate, with the new pennant number F67....
See also
- Type 15 frigateType 15 frigateThe Type 15 frigate was a class of British anti-submarine frigates of the Royal Navy. They were conversions based on the hulls of World War II-era destroyers built to the standard War Emergency Programme "utility" design.-History:...
: postwar full conversion of Wartime Emergency Programme destroyers into first-rate fast anti-submarineAnti-submarine warfareAnti-submarine warfare is a branch of naval warfare that uses surface warships, aircraft, or other submarines to find, track and deter, damage or destroy enemy submarines....
frigateFrigateA frigate is any of several types of warship, the term having been used for ships of various sizes and roles over the last few centuries.In the 17th century, the term was used for any warship built for speed and maneuverability, the description often used being "frigate-built"...
s - Type 16 frigateType 16 frigateThe Type 16 frigates were a class of British anti-submarine frigates of the Royal Navy. They were based on the hulls of World War II-era destroyers that had been rendered obsolete by rapid advances in technology...
: postwar partial conversion of Wartime Emergency Programme destroyers into second-rate fast anti-submarine frigates