SA-N-3
Encyclopedia
The M-11 Shtorm is a Russia
n naval surface-to-air missile
system. Its GRAU
designation is 4K60. Its NATO reporting name
is SA-N-3 Goblet. The system was first installed on the Moskva, a anti-submarine warfare carrier
, which was commissioned in 1967, but the system was not officially accepted into service until 1969. Unusually for such systems, it has no land-based counterpart. It was only deployed on Russian vessels, and was never fired in anger.
Between 1964 and 1966 sea-trials were conducted on the missile testbed OS-24 which had previously been the heavy cruiser Voroshilov
. The system was installed on the Moskva, which was commissioned on 25 December 1967, but development continued until 1969 when it was officially accepted into service.
The 4K60/41K65 missiles are carried in pairs on rotating twin rail launchers and fly at between Mach
2 and 3. They are 6.1 m (20 ft) long, weigh 845 kg (1863 lb) each with an 80 kg (176 lb) warheads. The effective altitude is around 100-25000 m (328-82,000 ft) and the earlier missiles have an engagement range of 3-30 km (2-19 miles) while the 41K65 extends the maximum range to 55 km (34.2 mi). Guidance is via radio command with terminal semi-active radar homing
(SARH).
The radar associated with the SA-N-3 is known as "Head Lights", often found in conjunction with a "Top Sail" search radar.
The initial version of this system, the 4K60 M-11 "Shtorm" with V611 missiles is known to the US DoD
as the SA-N-3A. The upgraded version is the 4K65 "Shtorm-M" with V611M missiles and is designated the SA-N-3B.
Russia
Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
n naval surface-to-air missile
Surface-to-air missile
A surface-to-air missile or ground-to-air missile is a missile designed to be launched from the ground to destroy aircraft or other missiles...
system. Its GRAU
Grau
Grau is a German word meaning "gray" and a Catalan word meaning "grade". It may refer to:* BAP Almirante Grau , a De Zeven Provinciën class cruiser in service with the Peruvian Navy* Grau Käse, Tyrolean grey cheese...
designation is 4K60. Its NATO reporting name
NATO reporting name
NATO reporting names are classified code names for military equipment of the Eastern Bloc...
is SA-N-3 Goblet. The system was first installed on the Moskva, a anti-submarine warfare carrier
Anti-submarine warfare carrier
An ASW carrier is a type of small aircraft carrier whose primary role is to hunt and destroy submarines...
, which was commissioned in 1967, but the system was not officially accepted into service until 1969. Unusually for such systems, it has no land-based counterpart. It was only deployed on Russian vessels, and was never fired in anger.
Development
Development of the M-11 Storm system was first authorised on 25 July 1959. Work was carried out by Scientific Research Institute 10 (NII-10) that was also working on the SA-N-1 system. It was originally intended to be installed on the Project 1126 warship, but both the ship and missile system were canceled in June 1961. However, the missile project was re-activated only a month later for installation in the Project 1123 Moskva class helicopter carrier. The design was completed in April 1962, and included a modified version of the ZIF-101 launcher, that was used with the SA-N-1 missile system. The launcher design proved to be impractical, the resulting redesign delayed production of prototypes until 1964.Between 1964 and 1966 sea-trials were conducted on the missile testbed OS-24 which had previously been the heavy cruiser Voroshilov
Kirov class cruiser
The Kirov-class cruisers were six vessels built between 1935 and 1944 for the Soviet Navy: Kirov, Voroshilov, Maxim Gorky, Molotov, Kalinin, and Kaganovich. After the first two ships, armor protection was increased and subsequent ships are sometimes called the Maxim Gorky class...
. The system was installed on the Moskva, which was commissioned on 25 December 1967, but development continued until 1969 when it was officially accepted into service.
Description
Mach number
Mach number is the speed of an object moving through air, or any other fluid substance, divided by the speed of sound as it is in that substance for its particular physical conditions, including those of temperature and pressure...
2 and 3. They are 6.1 m (20 ft) long, weigh 845 kg (1863 lb) each with an 80 kg (176 lb) warheads. The effective altitude is around 100-25000 m (328-82,000 ft) and the earlier missiles have an engagement range of 3-30 km (2-19 miles) while the 41K65 extends the maximum range to 55 km (34.2 mi). Guidance is via radio command with terminal semi-active radar homing
Semi-active radar homing
Semi-active radar homing, or SARH, is a common type of missile guidance system, perhaps the most common type for longer-range air-to-air and surface-to-air missile systems. The name refers to the fact that the missile itself is only a passive detector of a radar signal – provided by an external ...
(SARH).
The radar associated with the SA-N-3 is known as "Head Lights", often found in conjunction with a "Top Sail" search radar.
The initial version of this system, the 4K60 M-11 "Shtorm" with V611 missiles is known to the US DoD
United States Department of Defense
The United States Department of Defense is the U.S...
as the SA-N-3A. The upgraded version is the 4K65 "Shtorm-M" with V611M missiles and is designated the SA-N-3B.
Variants
- SA-N-3A 4K60 Shtorm V611 - Initial version
- SA-N-3B 4K65 Shtorm-M V611M - Improved version
Installations
A total of 25 systems were produced and installed on the following classes of ships:- Moskva class helicopter carriers – two twin B-189 launchers, each fed from twin six round drum magazines, for a total of 24 missiles.
- Kara class guided missile cruisersKara class cruiserThe Kara is a class of Cold War era Soviet guided missile cruisers. The Soviet designation is Project 1134B Berkut B - Беркут Б and the Soviet mission description is "large anti-submarine warfare ship" and not "cruiser".-Design:...
– two B-189 twin launchers, each fed from twin six round drum magazines, 80 missiles total. - Kresta II class guided missile cruisersKresta II class cruiserThe Kresta II Class, Soviet Designation Project 1134A, Berkut A were Soviet guided missile cruisers of the Cold War. The ships entered service in the late 1960s and were rapidly decommissioned after the end of the Cold War...
– two twin launchers. 72 missiles total. - Kiev class aircraft carriersKiev class aircraft carrierThe Kiev class carriers were the first class of fixed-wing aircraft carriers built in the Soviet Union....
– two twin launchers.