The Rutocertina is one of only three suborders in Shimankiy's (1957) classification of the Nautilida

Nautilida

The Nautilida constitute a large and diverse order of generally coiled nautiloid cephalopods that began in the mid Paleozoic and continues to the present with a single family, the Nautilidae which includes two genera, Nautilus and Allonautilus, with six species...

, the other two being the Lirocerina and Nautilina. Genera in the Rutocerina are redistributed (Kummel 1964) in the Rutoceratina, Tainoceratina, and Centroceratina. The Lirocerina is redefined as the Liroceratina, and Nautilina.remains as is. In general terms these are similar to the simpler classification proposed by Kummel 1964, wherein the Nautilida is divided into five superfamilies, the Tainocerataceae, Trigonocerataceae, Clydonautilacea, Aipocerataceae, and Nautilaceae. Shimanskiy's classification involves 34 families, Kummel's only twenty-seven.

The Rutoceratina (Shmanskiy 1957) is divided into two unequal superfamilies which do not correspond with the superfamiles of Kummel, 1964. They are the Rutoceratacea and the Solenochilaceae.

The Rutoceratacea is essentially the Rutoceratidae of Kummel 1964, elevated and expanded to contain two families, the Rutoceratidae

Rutoceratidae

The Rutoceratidae are the prototypical nautilids, derived probably from either the Brevicoceratidae or Acleistoceratidae of the Oncocerida early in the Devonian...

 in the Devonian

Devonian

The Devonian is a geologic period and system of the Paleozoic Era spanning from the end of the Silurian Period, about 416.0 ± 2.8 Mya , to the beginning of the Carboniferous Period, about 359.2 ± 2.5 Mya...

, and the Neptunoceratidae in the late Carboniferous

Carboniferous

The Carboniferous is a geologic period and system that extends from the end of the Devonian Period, about 359.2 ± 2.5 Mya , to the beginning of the Permian Period, about 299.0 ± 0.8 Mya . The name is derived from the Latin word for coal, carbo. Carboniferous means "coal-bearing"...

.

The Solenochilaceae is more or less equivalent to Kummel's Aipocerataceae

Description

Based on descriptions of the Rutoceratidae and Aipocerataceae in Kummel 1964, the Rutoceratina are characterized as having longiconic, curved, and coiled shells which develop solid, nollow, and spoutlike wings, frills, and spines; the siphuncle being ventral, mostly orthochaonitic and empty, but in some the septal necks may be long ventrally and recumbent dorsally.

Range

The Rutoceratina lived during the Devonian , Carboniferous, and early Permian

Permian

The PermianThe term "Permian" was introduced into geology in 1841 by Sir Sir R. I. Murchison, president of the Geological Society of London, who identified typical strata in extensive Russian explorations undertaken with Edouard de Verneuil; Murchison asserted in 1841 that he named his "Permian...

, derived from the Oncocerida

Oncocerida

The Oncocerida comprise a diverse group of generally small nautiloid cephalopods known from the Middle Ordovician to the Mississippian ,in which the connecting rings are thin and siphuncle segments are variably expanded...

. They gave rise (Shimanskiy) through the Rutoceratidae in the Devonian to the Tainoceratina and the Centroceratina and through a family of the Solenochilaceae the at the end of the Devonian to the Liroceratina.

Taxonomy

• Nautilida (Nautiloidea, Cephalopoda)
  • Rutoceratina
    • Rutocerataceae
      • Rutoceratidae
      • Neptunoceratidae
    • Solenochilaceae
      • Solenochilidae
      • Litogyroceratidae
      • Scyphoceratidae
      • Dentoceratidae