Retinoid receptor
Encyclopedia
Retinoid receptors are nuclear receptor
s (a class of protein
s) that bind to retinoid
s. When bound to a retinoid, they act as transcription factor
s, altering the expression
of genes with corresponding response elements.
Subtypes include:
Nuclear receptor
In the field of molecular biology, nuclear receptors are a class of proteins found within cells that are responsible for sensing steroid and thyroid hormones and certain other molecules...
s (a class of protein
Protein
Proteins are biochemical compounds consisting of one or more polypeptides typically folded into a globular or fibrous form, facilitating a biological function. A polypeptide is a single linear polymer chain of amino acids bonded together by peptide bonds between the carboxyl and amino groups of...
s) that bind to retinoid
Retinoid
The retinoids are a class of chemical compounds that are related chemically to vitamin A. Retinoids are used in medicine, primarily due to the way they regulate epithelial cell growth....
s. When bound to a retinoid, they act as transcription factor
Transcription factor
In molecular biology and genetics, a transcription factor is a protein that binds to specific DNA sequences, thereby controlling the flow of genetic information from DNA to mRNA...
s, altering the expression
Gene expression
Gene expression is the process by which information from a gene is used in the synthesis of a functional gene product. These products are often proteins, but in non-protein coding genes such as ribosomal RNA , transfer RNA or small nuclear RNA genes, the product is a functional RNA...
of genes with corresponding response elements.
Subtypes include:
- Retinoic acid receptorRetinoic acid receptorThe retinoic acid receptor is a type of nuclear receptor that is activated by both all-trans retinoic acid and 9-cis retinoic acid. There are three retinoic acid receptors , RAR-alpha, RAR-beta, and RAR-gamma, encoded by the , , genes, respectively...
s (RARs) - Retinoid x receptorRetinoid X receptorThe retinoid X receptor is a type of nuclear receptor that is activated by 9-cis retinoic acid. There are three retinoic X receptors : RXR-alpha, RXR-beta, and RXR-gamma, encoded by the , , genes, respectively....
s (RXRs)