The "Reds" were a faction of the Polish

Poles

thumb|right|180px|The state flag of [[Poland]] as used by Polish government and diplomatic authoritiesThe Polish people, or Poles , are a nation indigenous to Poland. They are united by the Polish language, which belongs to the historical Lechitic subgroup of West Slavic languages of Central Europe...

 insurrectionists during the January Uprising

January Uprising

The January Uprising was an uprising in the former Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth against the Russian Empire...

 in 1863. They were radical democratic activists who supported the outbreak of the uprising from the outset, advocated an end to serfdom

Serfdom

Serfdom is the status of peasants under feudalism, specifically relating to Manorialism. It was a condition of bondage or modified slavery which developed primarily during the High Middle Ages in Europe and lasted to the mid-19th century...

 in Congress

Congress Poland

The Kingdom of Poland , informally known as Congress Poland , created in 1815 by the Congress of Vienna, was a personal union of the Russian parcel of Poland with the Russian Empire...

 and future independent Poland, without compensation to the landlords, land reform

Land reform

[Image:Jakarta farmers protest23.jpg|300px|thumb|right|Farmers protesting for Land Reform in Indonesia]Land reform involves the changing of laws, regulations or customs regarding land ownership. Land reform may consist of a government-initiated or government-backed property redistribution,...

 and other substantial social reforms. This contrasted them with the "White

Whites (January Uprising)

The "Whites" were a faction among Polish insurrectionists before and during the January Uprising in early 1860s. They consisted mostly of progressive minded land owners and industrialists, the middle class and some intellectuals of Russian controlled Congress Poland...

" faction which only came to support the Uprising after it was already under way, and which, while also strongly supporting an end to serfdom wanted to compensate the landowners.

In general the Reds represented liberal intellectuals while the Whites based their support on progressive landlords. The Reds were based in Warsaw

Warsaw

Warsaw is the capital and largest city of Poland. It is located on the Vistula River, roughly from the Baltic Sea and from the Carpathian Mountains. Its population in 2010 was estimated at 1,716,855 residents with a greater metropolitan area of 2,631,902 residents, making Warsaw the 10th most...

 and concentrated around the Warsaw Medical Academy, while the Whites' base of support was in Kraków

Kraków

Kraków also Krakow, or Cracow , is the second largest and one of the oldest cities in Poland. Situated on the Vistula River in the Lesser Poland region, the city dates back to the 7th century. Kraków has traditionally been one of the leading centres of Polish academic, cultural, and artistic life...

.

Notable members

• Oskar Awejde
• Stefan Bobrowski
  Stefan Bobrowski
  Stefan Bobrowski was a Polish 19th-century politician and an activist for Polish independence...
  
  
• Ignacy Chmieleński
• Jarosław Dąbrowski
• Agaton Giller
  Agaton Giller
  Agaton Giller was a Polish historian, journalist and politician. He and his brother Stefan Giller played notable roles in the Polish independence movement and in the January 1863 Uprising.-Life:During the January 1863 Uprising, Agaton Giller was a member of the National Government...
  
  
• Ludwik Mierosławski
• Zygmunt Padlewski
  Zygmunt Padlewski
  Zygmunt Padlewski was a Polish insurgent who participated in the January Uprising.-Early years:Padlewski was born in a mansion in Czerniawka Mała, Russian-partitioned Poland on January 1, 1836. His father, Władysław, took part in the November Uprising...
  
  
• Zygmunt Sierakowski
• Bronisław Szwarce