Rajinder Singh Bedi
Encyclopedia
Rajinder Singh Bedi was an eminent progressive Urdu
Urdu
Urdu is a register of the Hindustani language that is identified with Muslims in South Asia. It belongs to the Indo-European family. Urdu is the national language and lingua franca of Pakistan. It is also widely spoken in some regions of India, where it is one of the 22 scheduled languages and an...

 writer, playwright
Playwright
A playwright, also called a dramatist, is a person who writes plays.The term is not a variant spelling of "playwrite", but something quite distinct: the word wright is an archaic English term for a craftsman or builder...

 and a Hindi film director
Film director
A film director is a person who directs the actors and film crew in filmmaking. They control a film's artistic and dramatic nathan roach, while guiding the technical crew and actors.-Responsibilities:...

, screenwriter
Screenwriter
Screenwriters or scriptwriters or scenario writers are people who write/create the short or feature-length screenplays from which mass media such as films, television programs, Comics or video games are based.-Profession:...

 and noted dialogue writer.

Some of his best work as a dialogue writer can be seen in Hrishikesh Mukherjee
Hrishikesh Mukherjee
Hrishikesh Mukherjee ) was a famous Indian film director known for a number of films, including Satyakam, Chupke Chupke, Anupama, Anand, Abhimaan, Guddi, Gol Maal, Aashirwad, Bawarchi, and Namak Haraam.Popularly known as Hrishi-da, he directed 42 films during his career spanning over four decades,...

's films Abhimaan
Abhimaan
Abhimaan is a 1973 Bollywood film starring Amitabh Bachchan; his real-life wife, Jaya Bachchan; Asrani; and Bindu. It was directed by Hrishikesh Mukherjee.The film is perhaps best remembered for its songs, composed and arranged by the late S. D...

, Anupama
Anupama
"Anupama" is a Sanskrit word meaning "unparalleled", or "uncomparable" . It has a feminine gender and refers to the goddess or Shakti. It is also a given name....

and Satyakam
Satyakam
Satyakam is a 1969 Indian Hindi film directed by Hrishikesh Mukherjee, based on a Bengali novel by the same name by Narayan Sanyal.. The film stars Dharmendra, Sharmila Tagore, Sanjeev Kumar, and Ashok Kumar...

; and Bimal Roy
Bimal Roy
Bimal Roy was one of the most acclaimed Indian film directors of all time. He is particularly noted for his realistic and socialistic films like Do Bigha Zamin, Parineeta, Biraj Bahu, Madhumati, Sujata, and Bandini, making him an important director of Hindi cinema...

's Madhumati
Madhumati
Madhumati is a 1958 Hindi film produced and directed by Bimal Roy, and written by Ritwik Ghatak and Rajinder Singh Bedi. The music was composed by Salil Choudhury with the lyrics by Shailendra. The film stars Dilip Kumar, Vyjayantimala, Pran, and Johnny Walker. It was one of the earliest films to...

. As a director he is most known for his films Dastak
Dastak
Dastak is a classic Hindi film made in 1970, it was written and directed by Rajinder Singh Bedi, and was his directorial debut....

(1970), starring Sanjeev Kumar and Rehana Sultan and Phagun
Phagun (1973 film)
Phagun, also a 1958 film.Phagun is a 1973 Hindi film written and directed by Rajinder Singh Bedi, and starring Dharmendra, Waheeda Rehman, Jaya Bhaduri and Vijay Arora as leads.This offbeat romantic drama has memorable songs by S.D...

(1973), starring Dharmendra, Waheda Rehman, Jaya Bhaduri and Vijay Arora.

Rajinder Singh Bedi is considered one of the greatest 20th century progressive
Progressivism
Progressivism is an umbrella term for a political ideology advocating or favoring social, political, and economic reform or changes. Progressivism is often viewed by some conservatives, constitutionalists, and libertarians to be in opposition to conservative or reactionary ideologies.The...

 writers of Urdu fiction
Urdu literature
Urdu literature has a long and colorful history that is inextricably tied to the development of that very language, Urdu, in which it is written...

, and second most prominent Urdu fiction writer, after Saadat Hasan Manto
Saadat Hasan Manto
Saadat Hassan Manto was a short story writer of the Urdu language. He is best known for his short stories, 'Bu' , 'Khol Do' , 'Thanda Gosht' , and his magnum opus, 'Toba Tek Singh'....

, and like Manto he is most known for his haunting Partition of India
Partition of India
The Partition of India was the partition of British India on the basis of religious demographics that led to the creation of the sovereign states of the Dominion of Pakistan and the Union of India on 14 and 15...

 tales.

Early life

Rajinder Singh Bedi was born near Sialkot
Sialkot
Sialkot is a city in Pakistan situated in the north-east of the Punjab province at the foothills of snow-covered peaks of Kashmir near the Chenab river. It is the capital of Sialkot District. The city is about north-west of Lahore and only a few kilometers from Indian-controlled Jammu.The...

, Punjab (now in Pakistan). He spent his early years in Lahore
Lahore
Lahore is the capital of the Pakistani province of Punjab and the second largest city in the country. With a rich and fabulous history dating back to over a thousand years ago, Lahore is no doubt Pakistan's cultural capital. One of the most densely populated cities in the world, Lahore remains a...

, where he received his education in Urdu, as it was common to most Punjabi families, though he never graduated from a college. After Partition his other family members settled in Fazilka
Fazilka
Fazilka is a city and a municipal council and 22nd newest district in the state of Punjab, India and recently declared as District on July 27, 2011 consisting three subdivisions Fazilka, Jalalabad and Abohar besides three sub-tehsils Arniwala Sheikh Suban, Sito Guno and Khuian Sarwar.- History...

, Indian side of Punjab
Punjab (India)
Punjab ) is a state in the northwest of the Republic of India, forming part of the larger Punjab region. The state is bordered by the Indian states of Himachal Pradesh to the east, Haryana to the south and southeast and Rajasthan to the southwest as well as the Pakistani province of Punjab to the...

.

Career

His first short story "Maharani ka Tohfa" won the best Short Story of the Year, given by 'Adabi Dunya', a prominent Urdu monthly, published from Lahore.

He started his career working as a clerk at Lahore Post Office in 1933. In 1941 he joined the Urdu section of All India Radio, Lahore, while working at Lahore radio he wrote many plays including, his famous drama ‘Khawaja Sara’ and 'Nakl-i-Makaani', which he later adapted into his film Dastak in 1970.
His first collection of short stories, 'Daan-O-Daam' (The Catch), featuring his prominent story 'Garam Coat' (Warm Coat) was published in 1940. In 1942, he published his second collection of short stories, 'Grehan' (The Eclipse).

In 1943, he joined Maheshwari Films, a small Lahore film studio, though just after one and half years he joined All India Radio back and was posted to Jammu, where he worked till 1947.

By the time of Partition Rajinder Singh Bedi had published numerous more short stories, and had made a name for himself as a prolific writer.

His Urdu novel, 'Ek Chadar Maili Si', translated into English as 'I Take This Woman', received the Sahitya Akademi Award
Sahitya Akademi Award to Urdu Writers
Sahitya Akademi Award is an annual literary honour, given since 1955, by Sahitya Akademi , to writers and their works, for their outstanding contribution to the upliftment of Indian literature. Urdu is one of 24 languages in which the award is given.:-Sahitya Akademi Award winners and their works...

 in 1965. The book was later translated into Hindi, Kashmiri and Bengali.

His literary career spanning fifty years and 72 short stories was marked with versatility and represented the finest creative writing in Urdu literature. His stories ‘Garm Kot’ and ‘Lajvanti’ are considered among the masterpieces of Urdu short story. His later collections of short stories were 'Kokh Jali' and 'Apne Dukh Mujhe Dedo' and a collection of plays 'Saat Khel’.

Films

After partition he moved to Bombay, and started working with D. D. Kashyap and got his first screen credit for dialogue, in the 1949 film Badi Bahen
Badi Bahen
Badi Bahen is 1950 Bollywood film directed by Ram Daryani.-Plot:Shyama gets a job as a servant so she can pay for her younger sister, Kiran's education in the city. Kiran, though, is in love with a rogue, Ajit . Ajit makes Kiran splurge all the money Shyama sends her on them...

. Though he got greater recognition for his second film Daag
Daag (1952 film)
Daag is a 1952 Indian Hindi film produced and directed by Amiya Chakrabarty. The film stars Dilip Kumar, Nimmi and Lalita Pawar. The films music is by Shankar Jaikishan...

, a 1952 film.

In 1954, he joined hands with Amar Kumar, Balraj Sahni, Geeta Bali and others to create a new company called 'Cine Cooperative', and together they produced their first film, Garam Coat in 1955. Based on his own short story Garam Coat, starring Balraj Sahni and Nirupa Roy, and directed by Aman Kumar, the film gave Rajinder Singh Bedi, chance write a first entire screenplay.

Their second film Rangoli (1962), starring Kishore Kumar, Vyjayantimala, and Durga Khote, was also directed by Amar Kumar.

He continued to display his exemplary range in dialogue writing styles in many classic Hindi films, starting with Sohrab Modi
Sohrab Modi
Sohrab Modi was an Indian Parsi stage and film actor, director and producer. His films include Khoon Ka Khoon , a version of Shakespeare's Hamlet, Sikandar, Pukar, Prithvi Vallabh, Jhansi ki Rani, Mirza Ghalib, and Nausherwan-e-dil . His films always carried a message of strong commitment to...

's Mirza Ghalib (1954), Bimal Roy
Bimal Roy
Bimal Roy was one of the most acclaimed Indian film directors of all time. He is particularly noted for his realistic and socialistic films like Do Bigha Zamin, Parineeta, Biraj Bahu, Madhumati, Sujata, and Bandini, making him an important director of Hindi cinema...

’s Devdas
Devdas (1955 film)
Devdas is a 1955 film directed by Bimal Roy, based on the Sharat Chandra Chattopadhyay novel, Devdas.In 2005, Indiatimes Movies ranked the movie amongst the Top 25 Must See Bollywood Films.-Plot:...

 (1955), and Madhumati
Madhumati
Madhumati is a 1958 Hindi film produced and directed by Bimal Roy, and written by Ritwik Ghatak and Rajinder Singh Bedi. The music was composed by Salil Choudhury with the lyrics by Shailendra. The film stars Dilip Kumar, Vyjayantimala, Pran, and Johnny Walker. It was one of the earliest films to...

 (1958); Amar Kumar and Hrishikesh Mukherjee’s best films, Anuradha
Anuradha
Anuradha may be:*A disciple and a cousin of Gautama Buddha, see Anuruddha*a lunar mansion in Hindu astrology, see Anuradha *a film, see Anuradha...

 (1960), Anupama
Anupama
"Anupama" is a Sanskrit word meaning "unparalleled", or "uncomparable" . It has a feminine gender and refers to the goddess or Shakti. It is also a given name....

 (1966), Satyakam
Satyakam
Satyakam is a 1969 Indian Hindi film directed by Hrishikesh Mukherjee, based on a Bengali novel by the same name by Narayan Sanyal.. The film stars Dharmendra, Sharmila Tagore, Sanjeev Kumar, and Ashok Kumar...

 (1969) and Abhimaan
Abhimaan
Abhimaan is a 1973 Bollywood film starring Amitabh Bachchan; his real-life wife, Jaya Bachchan; Asrani; and Bindu. It was directed by Hrishikesh Mukherjee.The film is perhaps best remembered for its songs, composed and arranged by the late S. D...

 (1973).

But his greater accomplishment in films has been pioneering straight forward and down-to-earth dialogues in Hindi cinema, which were known for its melodrama and extreme rhetoric content.

He made his directorial debut with Hindi classic Dastak
Dastak
Dastak is a classic Hindi film made in 1970, it was written and directed by Rajinder Singh Bedi, and was his directorial debut....

 (1970), starring Sanjeev Kumar and Rehana Sultan
Rehana Sultan
Rehana Sultan, is an Indian film actress best known for her debut role in the 1970 acclaimed film Dastak which won her the National Film Award for Best Actress...

, with music by Madan Mohan, and in the following decade he directed three more films, Phagun (1973), Nawab Sahib (1978) and Aankhin Dekhi (1978).

His writing was known for its sensitivity and earthiness. His classic novella Ek Chadar Maili Si was first made into a film in Pakistan, Mutthi Bhar Chawal (1978) and later in India, as Ek Chadar Maili Si
Ek Chadar Maili Si
Ek Chadar Maili Si is a 1986 film, directed by Sukhwant Dada, and is an adaptation of Rajinder Singh Bedi's classic Urdu novella, by the name. The novel won the 1965 Sahitya Akademi Award, and is considered author's finest work....

 (1986), a rare distinction for an Indian author to have his work picturised on both sides of the border.

His son Narender Bedi
Narender Bedi
Narender Bedi was a Bollywood director and son of famous writer Rajinder Singh Bedi. His most famous movie was Jawani Diwani starring Randhir Kapoor and Jaya Bhaduri.-Personal life:...

 was also a Film director and the maker of films like Jawani Diwani
Jawani Diwani
Jawani Diwani is a 1972 Bollywood movie directed by Narender Bedi, and starring Randhir Kapoor, Jaya Bhaduri, Balraj Sahni, Nirupa Roy, as leads....

 (1972), Benaam (1974), Rafoo Chakkar (1975), Sanam Teri Kasam, he died in the 1982. Two years later in 1984, Rajinder Singh Bedi also died, in Bombay.

His short story 'Lajwanti' was made into a telefilm, by Neena Gupta
Neena Gupta
Neena Gupta is an Indian film and television actress and director-producer. She won the 1994 National Film Award for Best Supporting Actress for Woh Chokri. She is a popular actress in Indian commercial cinema, but it is her work with art filmmakers of India, like Shyam Benegal that got her...

 in 2006.

In his memory, the Government of Punjab has started a 'Rajinder Singh Bedi Award' in the field of Urdu Literature.

Filmography

  • Ek Chadar Maili Si
    Ek Chadar Maili Si
    Ek Chadar Maili Si is a 1986 film, directed by Sukhwant Dada, and is an adaptation of Rajinder Singh Bedi's classic Urdu novella, by the name. The novel won the 1965 Sahitya Akademi Award, and is considered author's finest work....

     (1986) - Story
  • Aankhin Dekhi (1978) - Director
  • Mutthi Bhar Chawal (1978) - Story
  • Nawab Sahib (1978) - Director
  • Phagun
    Phagun (1973 film)
    Phagun, also a 1958 film.Phagun is a 1973 Hindi film written and directed by Rajinder Singh Bedi, and starring Dharmendra, Waheeda Rehman, Jaya Bhaduri and Vijay Arora as leads.This offbeat romantic drama has memorable songs by S.D...

     (1973) - Director, Producer
  • Abhimaan
    Abhimaan
    Abhimaan is a 1973 Bollywood film starring Amitabh Bachchan; his real-life wife, Jaya Bachchan; Asrani; and Bindu. It was directed by Hrishikesh Mukherjee.The film is perhaps best remembered for its songs, composed and arranged by the late S. D...

     (1973) - Dialogue
  • Grahan (1972) - Story
  • Dastak
    Dastak
    Dastak is a classic Hindi film made in 1970, it was written and directed by Rajinder Singh Bedi, and was his directorial debut....

     (1970)- Direction, Screenwriter
  • Satyakam
    Satyakam
    Satyakam is a 1969 Indian Hindi film directed by Hrishikesh Mukherjee, based on a Bengali novel by the same name by Narayan Sanyal.. The film stars Dharmendra, Sharmila Tagore, Sanjeev Kumar, and Ashok Kumar...

     (1969) - Dialogue
  • Mere Hamdam Mere Dost
    Mere Hamdam Mere Dost
    Mere Hamdam Mere Dost is a 1968 film. It stars Dharmendra, Sharmila Tagore, Rehman, Mumtaz and Om Prakash. The music is by Laxmikant Pyarelal and the lyrics by Majrooh Sultanpuri.- Plot Summary :...

     (1968) - Screenwriter
  • Baharon Ke Sapne
    Baharon Ke Sapne
    Baharon Ke Sapne is a 1967 Hindi movie under Nasir Hussain films banner. It starred Rajesh Khanna ,and the Nasir Husain fixture- Asha Parekh. It also had Premnath , Madan Puri and another Nasir Husain fixture Rajendranath....

     (1967) - Dialogue
  • Anupama
    Anupama
    "Anupama" is a Sanskrit word meaning "unparalleled", or "uncomparable" . It has a feminine gender and refers to the goddess or Shakti. It is also a given name....

     (1966) - Dialogue
  • Mere Sanam
    Mere Sanam
    Mere Sanam was a Hindi film released in 1965 Hindi film starring Asha Parekh, Biswajeet, Pran, Rajindernath and Mumtaz. The film was a hit at the box office. The ear-pleasing music and beautiful locations were mostly responsible for the film's success. The story line and direction were also good,...

     (1965) - Screenwriter, Dialogue
  • Rangoli (1962) - Dialogue, Screenwriter
  • Aas Ka Panchhi
    Aas Ka Panchhi
    Aas Ka Panchhi is a 1961 Hindi movie produced by J. Om Prakash. It is written by Mohan Kumar and Rajinder Singh Bedi and directed by Mohan Kumar.The film stars Rajendra Kumar, Vyjayanthimala and Leela Chitnis. The films music is by Shankar Jaikishan....

     (1961) - Screenwriter
  • Anuradha
    Anuradha
    Anuradha may be:*A disciple and a cousin of Gautama Buddha, see Anuruddha*a lunar mansion in Hindu astrology, see Anuradha *a film, see Anuradha...

     (1960) - Dialogue
  • Bombai Ka Baboo (1960) - Dialogue
  • Madhumati
    Madhumati
    Madhumati is a 1958 Hindi film produced and directed by Bimal Roy, and written by Ritwik Ghatak and Rajinder Singh Bedi. The music was composed by Salil Choudhury with the lyrics by Shailendra. The film stars Dilip Kumar, Vyjayantimala, Pran, and Johnny Walker. It was one of the earliest films to...

     (1958)- Dialogue
  • Musafir
    Musafir
    Musafir is a 2004 Hindi thriller film, directed and produced by Sanjay Gupta starring Sanjay Dutt, Anil Kapoor and Sameera Reddy. The film was controversial because of some sensual scenes, including kissing, between Kapoor and Reddy...

     (1957) _ Dialogue
  • Basant Bahar
    Basant Bahar (film)
    Basant Bahar is an Indian romantic and melodramatic film from 1956. The songs lyrics were written by Shailendra and Hasrat Jaipuri.-Plot:...

     (1956) - Dialogue
  • Milap
    Milap
    Milap is a 1972 Bollywood action film directed by B.R. Ishara . The film stars Shatrughan Sinha and Danny Denzongpa .-Cast:*Shatrughan Sinha ... Ravi / Raju*Reena Roy ... Rani 'Chalava' / Rukmani*Danny Denzongpa ... Raju*Manmohan Krishna ... Judge...

     (1955) - Dialogue
  • Garam Coat (1955) - Dialogue, Screenwriter
  • Devdas
    Devdas (1955 film)
    Devdas is a 1955 film directed by Bimal Roy, based on the Sharat Chandra Chattopadhyay novel, Devdas.In 2005, Indiatimes Movies ranked the movie amongst the Top 25 Must See Bollywood Films.-Plot:...

     (1955) - Dialogue
  • Mirza Ghalib (1954)- Dialogue
  • Daag
    Daag (1952 film)
    Daag is a 1952 Indian Hindi film produced and directed by Amiya Chakrabarty. The film stars Dilip Kumar, Nimmi and Lalita Pawar. The films music is by Shankar Jaikishan...

     (1952) - Dialogue
  • Badi Bahen
    Badi Bahen
    Badi Bahen is 1950 Bollywood film directed by Ram Daryani.-Plot:Shyama gets a job as a servant so she can pay for her younger sister, Kiran's education in the city. Kiran, though, is in love with a rogue, Ajit . Ajit makes Kiran splurge all the money Shyama sends her on them...

     (1949) - Dialogue

Films

  • 1959
    Filmfare Best Dialogue Award
    The Filmfare Best Dialogue Award is given by the Filmfare as part of its annual Filmfare Awards for Hindi films. Here is a list of the award winners since 1958 and the films for which they won.-Superlatives:Most AwardsGulzar - 4...

     Filmfare Best Dialogue Award
    Filmfare Best Dialogue Award
    The Filmfare Best Dialogue Award is given by the Filmfare as part of its annual Filmfare Awards for Hindi films. Here is a list of the award winners since 1958 and the films for which they won.-Superlatives:Most AwardsGulzar - 4...

    : Madhumati
    Madhumati
    Madhumati is a 1958 Hindi film produced and directed by Bimal Roy, and written by Ritwik Ghatak and Rajinder Singh Bedi. The music was composed by Salil Choudhury with the lyrics by Shailendra. The film stars Dilip Kumar, Vyjayantimala, Pran, and Johnny Walker. It was one of the earliest films to...

    (1958)
  • 1971
    Filmfare Best Dialogue Award
    The Filmfare Best Dialogue Award is given by the Filmfare as part of its annual Filmfare Awards for Hindi films. Here is a list of the award winners since 1958 and the films for which they won.-Superlatives:Most AwardsGulzar - 4...

     Filmfare Best Dialogue Award
    Filmfare Best Dialogue Award
    The Filmfare Best Dialogue Award is given by the Filmfare as part of its annual Filmfare Awards for Hindi films. Here is a list of the award winners since 1958 and the films for which they won.-Superlatives:Most AwardsGulzar - 4...

    :Satyakam
    Satyakam
    Satyakam is a 1969 Indian Hindi film directed by Hrishikesh Mukherjee, based on a Bengali novel by the same name by Narayan Sanyal.. The film stars Dharmendra, Sharmila Tagore, Sanjeev Kumar, and Ashok Kumar...

    (1969)

Literary Awards

  • 1965 Sahitya Akademi Award
    Sahitya Akademi Award
    Sahitya Akademi Award is a literary honor in India which Sahitya Akademi, India's National Academy of Letters, annually confers on writers of outstanding works in one of the following twenty-four major Indian languagesAssamese, Bengali, Bodo, Dogri, English, Gujarati, Hindi, Kannada, Kashmiri,...

     Urdu :Ek Chadar Maili Si ('I Take This Woman')
  • 1978 Ghalib Award - Urdu Drama.

Books on Rajinder Singh Bedi

  • Rajinder Singh Bedi: A Study, by Varis Hussain Alvi. 2006.
  • Rajinder Singh Bedi Sounds and Whispers: Reflections on the Literary Scene, 1984-86, by Abulkhair Kashfi, Syed Abu Ahmad Akif. Asasa Books, 1991. Chapter 25 - "Rajinder Singh Bedi:The Last Pillar Of Modem Urdu Short Story", page 111.

Further reading


External links

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