Pyridinoline
Encyclopedia
Pyridinoline is a fluorescent cross-linking compound of collagen
fibers. Crosslinks in collagen and
elastin are derived from lysyl and hydroxylysyl residues, a process catalyzed by lysyl oxidase
. Fujimoto and colleagues first described the isolation and characterization of a fluorescent material in bovine achilles tendon collagen and termed it pyridinoline. It is reported to be present in collagen of bone and cartilage, but is absent in collagen of skin. It is not present in newly synthesized collagen and is formed from aldimine
cross-links during maturation of collagen fibers.
Pyridinoline and deoxypyridinoline
were found to be released into the blood during bone degradation and rapidly exereted in the urine. In a preliminary study, both these compounds were proposed as a marker for metastatic bone tumor
in patients with prostate cancer
.
Collagen
Collagen is a group of naturally occurring proteins found in animals, especially in the flesh and connective tissues of mammals. It is the main component of connective tissue, and is the most abundant protein in mammals, making up about 25% to 35% of the whole-body protein content...
fibers. Crosslinks in collagen and
elastin are derived from lysyl and hydroxylysyl residues, a process catalyzed by lysyl oxidase
Lysyl oxidase
Lysyl oxidase also known as protein-lysine 6-oxidase is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the LOX gene. Its inhibition can cause lathyrism, but, at the same time, its upregulation by tumor cells may promote metastasis of the existing tumor, causing it to become malignant and cancerous.-...
. Fujimoto and colleagues first described the isolation and characterization of a fluorescent material in bovine achilles tendon collagen and termed it pyridinoline. It is reported to be present in collagen of bone and cartilage, but is absent in collagen of skin. It is not present in newly synthesized collagen and is formed from aldimine
Aldimine
In organic chemistry, an aldimine is an imine that is an analog of an aldehyde.As such, aldimines have the general formula R–CH=N–R. Aldimines are similar to ketimines, which are analogs of ketones.An important subset of aldimines are the Schiff bases,...
cross-links during maturation of collagen fibers.
Pyridinoline and deoxypyridinoline
Deoxypyridinoline
Deoxypyridinoline, also called D-Pyrilinks or Pyrilinks-D, is a crosslink of type I collagen present in bone which is excreted unmetabolized in urine and is a specific marker of bone resorption. It is measured in a urine tests in patients when osteoporosis is suspected....
were found to be released into the blood during bone degradation and rapidly exereted in the urine. In a preliminary study, both these compounds were proposed as a marker for metastatic bone tumor
Bone tumor
A bone tumor refers to a neoplastic growth of tissue in bone. Abnormal growths found in the bone can be either benign or malignant .-Classification:...
in patients with prostate cancer
Prostate cancer
Prostate cancer is a form of cancer that develops in the prostate, a gland in the male reproductive system. Most prostate cancers are slow growing; however, there are cases of aggressive prostate cancers. The cancer cells may metastasize from the prostate to other parts of the body, particularly...
.