Punishment of the Grave
Encyclopedia
Punishment of the Grave ( ʿAdhāb al-Qabr) is an Islamic concept of the period following death but prior to the Day of Judgement, when the souls of the unrighteous are punished in the grave. Nonetheless, it is important to take into account the fact that this is a concept, in that Muslim
s generally have embellished upon the idea. The Qur'an
, the authoritative Muslim scripture, is silent on the Punishment of the Grave, speaking solely of the Day of Judgement.
denied iman
("firm faith") in the Punishment of the Grave. These groups did not necessarily deny the existence of the Punishment, but instead denied the infalliability of the hadith
s which described the Punishment.
The punishment of the grave applies regardless of manner of death or of the corporeal state of the deceased, and is measured by criteria unlike those of the living. The living cannot perceive these things with their eyes, ears or inner senses. However, the dead person is completely aware of them, but according to the criteria of the afterlife. Animals are able to hear the Punishment of the Grave while human beings cannot.
Some Muslims also believe that the living can intercede for the dead who are undergoing punishment, to at least temporarily halt their suffering.
contains numerous evidences and descriptions of the punishment of the grave. However, many Hadith
are considered falsified, even amongst the prominent Muslims sects, and thus its chain of citation must be established before accepting one.
Muslim
A Muslim, also spelled Moslem, is an adherent of Islam, a monotheistic, Abrahamic religion based on the Quran, which Muslims consider the verbatim word of God as revealed to prophet Muhammad. "Muslim" is the Arabic term for "submitter" .Muslims believe that God is one and incomparable...
s generally have embellished upon the idea. The Qur'an
Qur'an
The Quran , also transliterated Qur'an, Koran, Alcoran, Qur’ān, Coran, Kuran, and al-Qur’ān, is the central religious text of Islam, which Muslims consider the verbatim word of God . It is regarded widely as the finest piece of literature in the Arabic language...
, the authoritative Muslim scripture, is silent on the Punishment of the Grave, speaking solely of the Day of Judgement.
Prevalence of belief
Various early Muslim sects such as the Khawarij and some portions of the Mu'taziliMu'tazili
' is an Islamic school of speculative theology that flourished in the cities of Basra and Baghdad, both in present-day Iraq, during the 8th–10th centuries. The adherents of the Mu'tazili school are best known for their having asserted that, because of the perfect unity and eternal nature of God,...
denied iman
Iman
Iman, also spelled imaan, may refer to:Islam* Iman , Islamic termGiven name:* Chanel Iman , American fashion model* Iman , Somali supermodel...
("firm faith") in the Punishment of the Grave. These groups did not necessarily deny the existence of the Punishment, but instead denied the infalliability of the hadith
Hadith
The term Hadīth is used to denote a saying or an act or tacit approval or criticism ascribed either validly or invalidly to the Islamic prophet Muhammad....
s which described the Punishment.
Punishment
In Islamic belief the grave constitutes a "third stage" of human existence, with the first two being the womb and then mortal life, and the fourth being eternity in heaven or hell.The punishment of the grave applies regardless of manner of death or of the corporeal state of the deceased, and is measured by criteria unlike those of the living. The living cannot perceive these things with their eyes, ears or inner senses. However, the dead person is completely aware of them, but according to the criteria of the afterlife. Animals are able to hear the Punishment of the Grave while human beings cannot.
Some Muslims also believe that the living can intercede for the dead who are undergoing punishment, to at least temporarily halt their suffering.
Muhammad said: "After he has died, the believer only gets the benefit of the following actions and good deeds: knowledge which he has taught and passed on, a righteous son or daughter he leaves behind, a copy of the Quran which he has bequeathed, a mosque he has built, a house he has built for the traveler, a water channel he has dug, or an act of charity which he spent out of his property when he was alive and in good health and which comes to him after his death."
Examples in Sunnah
The SunnahSunnah
The word literally means a clear, well trodden, busy and plain surfaced road. In the discussion of the sources of religion, Sunnah denotes the practice of Prophet Muhammad that he taught and practically instituted as a teacher of the sharī‘ah and the best exemplar...
contains numerous evidences and descriptions of the punishment of the grave. However, many Hadith
Hadith
The term Hadīth is used to denote a saying or an act or tacit approval or criticism ascribed either validly or invalidly to the Islamic prophet Muhammad....
are considered falsified, even amongst the prominent Muslims sects, and thus its chain of citation must be established before accepting one.
- Narrated Ibn 'Abbas`Abd Allah ibn `AbbasAbd Allah ibn Abbas was a paternal cousin of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. He is revered by Muslims for his knowledge and was an expert in Tafsir , as well as an authority on the Islamic Sunnah.-Family:...
: Allah's Apostle passed by two graves and said, "Both of them (persons in the grave) are being tortured, and they are not being tortured for a major sin. This one used not to save himself from being soiled with his urine, and the other used to go about with calumnies (among the people to rouse hostilities, e.g., one goes to a person and tells him that so-and-so says about him such-and-such evil things). The Prophet then asked for a green leaf of a date-palm tree, split it into two pieces and planted one on each grave and said, "It is hoped that their punishment may be abated till those two pieces of the leaf get dried." - From Abu Hurayrah who said: The Prophet said, “When one of you finishes the last tashahhud (testimony of faith in prayer), he should seek refuge in Allaah from four things: From the Punishment of Hell, from the Punishment of the Grave, from the trials of life and death, and from the evil trials of the Maseehud-Dajjaal (Anti-Christ).”
- Anas reported Mohammed as saying: If you were not (to abandon) the burying of the dead (in the grave), I would have certainly supplicated to Allah that He should make you listen to the torment of the grave.
- Narrated Anas: The Prophet said, "When a human being is laid in his grave and his companions return and he even hears their footsteps, two angels come to him and make him sit and ask him: What did you use to say about this man, Muhammad ? He will say: I testify that he is Allah's servant and His Apostle. Then it will be said to him, 'Look at your place in the Hell-Fire. Allah has given you a place in Paradise instead of it. “The Prophet added, "The dead person will see both his places. But a non-believer or a hypocrite will say to the angels, 'I do not know, but I used to say what the people used to say! It will be said to him, 'Neither did you know nor did you take the guidance (by reciting the Quran).' Then he will be hit with an iron hammer between his two ears, and he will cry and that cry will be heard by whatever approaches him except human beings and jinns."
- Umm SalamaUmm Salama Hind bint Abi UmayyaHind bint Abi Umayya was a wife of Muhammad, and therefore a Mother of the Believers.-Name:Hind bint Abi Umayya, Hind al Makhzumiyah, Hind bint Suhayl, also called as Umm Salama ....
reported: The Messenger of Allah came to Abu Salama (as he died). His eyes were fixedly open. He closed them, and then said: When the soul is taken away the sight follows it. Some of the people of his family wept and wailed. So he said: Do not supplicate for yourselves anything but good, for angels say "Amen" to what you say. He then said: O Allah, forgive Abu Salama, raise his degree among those who are rightly guided, grant him a successor in his descendants who remain. Forgive us and him, O Lord of the Universe, and make his grave spacious, and grant him light in it.
External links
- The Reality of the Punishment in the Grave, by Badee-ud-Deen Shah as-SindheeBadee-ud-Deen Shah as-SindheeBadee-ud-Deen Shah as-Sindhee علامه سيد بديعُ الدين شاه راشدي ;Badee-ud-Deen Shah as-Sindhee (Sindhi)علامه سيد بديعُ الدين شاه راشدي ;Badee-ud-Deen Shah as-Sindhee (Sindhi)علامه سيد بديعُ الدين شاه راشدي ;(full name Sayyid Badee-ud-Deen Shah Ibn Ehsaanullaah Ibn Rashidullaah Shah Ibn...
- The Death, Life After Death, The Signs of the Hour