Pro-Beijing Camp
Encyclopedia
The Pro-Beijing Camp, pro-Establishment Camp, pan-Establishment Camp (Chinese: 親北京派, 親建制派 or 建制派) is a segment of Hong Kong society that supports the policies and views of the People's Republic of China
before and after the handover of Hong Kong
in 1997.
It is also nicknamed the royalists
or loyalists.
The term can be used to identify politicians, political parties and individuals. They are rivals of the pro-democracy camp
.
and some members in the current Democratic Alliance for the Betterment of Hong Kong
(DAB) have a long history of strictly following the command of the PRC and loyal to the CCP
since the colonial period even during the Cultural Revolution
. Some of the members formerly participated in the 1967 riots against the colonial rule, and were labeled leftists
.
After the Sino-British Joint Declaration
in 1984, a group of pro-Beijing businesspeople and elites formed several of political parties such as Liberal Democratic Federation and Progress Alliance
, yet suffered great failures against the pro-democracy camp
in 1991
and 1995 elections.
Since the Beijing government argued that the electoral reform by Chris Patten
had violated the Joint Declaration, another Legislative Council
of the new SAR government was founded in 1996 in control of the Pro-Beijing camp.
, Pro-Beijing camp have never lost being the majority in the LegCo in the collaboration of the DAB and the elitist party in colonial period, Liberal Party
. On 1 July 2003, a peaceful crowd of 500,000 protested against the legislation of the controversial Article 23
of the Basic Law
. James Tien
, the leader of Liberal Party from the Executive Council
and forced the government to delay the second reading of the legislation. The stance of DAB for the Article 23 was strongly criticised and led to their major loss in the Hong Kong district councils election, 2003
.
Pro-Beijing camp members only share the political ideologies of being closer to Beijing
, but vary on other issues within the context of Hong Kong
.
People's Republic of China
China , officially the People's Republic of China , is the most populous country in the world, with over 1.3 billion citizens. Located in East Asia, the country covers approximately 9.6 million square kilometres...
before and after the handover of Hong Kong
Hong Kong
Hong Kong is one of two Special Administrative Regions of the People's Republic of China , the other being Macau. A city-state situated on China's south coast and enclosed by the Pearl River Delta and South China Sea, it is renowned for its expansive skyline and deep natural harbour...
in 1997.
It is also nicknamed the royalists
Royalist
A royalist supports a particular monarch as head of state for a particular kingdom, or of a particular dynastic claim. In the abstract, this position is royalism. It is distinct from monarchism, which advocates a monarchical system of government, but not necessarily a particular monarch...
or loyalists.
The term can be used to identify politicians, political parties and individuals. They are rivals of the pro-democracy camp
Pro-democracy camp
Pro-democracy camp, pan-democracy camp or pan-democrats refer to the politicians and social activists in Hong Kong who support increased democracy and may work together in areas of common interest or by not fielding candidates against one another in elections.Democratic activists are usually...
.
Prior to handover
Some of the political groups, such as Foundation of Trade UnionsHong Kong Federation of Trade Unions
The Hong Kong Federation of Trade Unions is a pro-Beijing labour and political group in Hong Kong. It is the largest labour group in Hong Kong with over 341,000 members in 181 affiliates and 62 associated trade unions.-Policies:...
and some members in the current Democratic Alliance for the Betterment of Hong Kong
Democratic Alliance for the Betterment of Hong Kong
Democratic Alliance for the Betterment and Progress of Hong Kong , formerly known as Democratic Alliance for the Betterment of Hong Kong, is the largest pro-Beijing political party in Hong Kong...
(DAB) have a long history of strictly following the command of the PRC and loyal to the CCP
Communist Party of China
The Communist Party of China , also known as the Chinese Communist Party , is the founding and ruling political party of the People's Republic of China...
since the colonial period even during the Cultural Revolution
Cultural Revolution
The Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution, commonly known as the Cultural Revolution , was a socio-political movement that took place in the People's Republic of China from 1966 through 1976...
. Some of the members formerly participated in the 1967 riots against the colonial rule, and were labeled leftists
Left-wing politics
In politics, Left, left-wing and leftist generally refer to support for social change to create a more egalitarian society...
.
After the Sino-British Joint Declaration
Sino-British Joint Declaration
The Sino-British Joint Declaration, formally known as the Joint Declaration of the Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the Government of the People's Republic of China on the Question of Hong Kong, was signed by the Prime Ministers, Zhao Ziyang and Margaret...
in 1984, a group of pro-Beijing businesspeople and elites formed several of political parties such as Liberal Democratic Federation and Progress Alliance
Hong Kong Progressive Alliance
The Hong Kong Progressive Alliance was a political party in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China. It was established in July 1994, and is composed of mainly businessmen and professionals. The party is considered a pro-business and pro-Beijing one. It...
, yet suffered great failures against the pro-democracy camp
Pro-democracy camp
Pro-democracy camp, pan-democracy camp or pan-democrats refer to the politicians and social activists in Hong Kong who support increased democracy and may work together in areas of common interest or by not fielding candidates against one another in elections.Democratic activists are usually...
in 1991
Hong Kong legislative election, 1991
The 1991 Hong Kong legislative election for members of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong ; the election of the members of functional constituencies was held on 12 September 1995 and the election of geographical constituency seats was held on 15 September. It was the first ever direct election of...
and 1995 elections.
Since the Beijing government argued that the electoral reform by Chris Patten
Chris Patten
Christopher Francis Patten, Baron Patten of Barnes, CH, PC , is the last Governor of British Hong Kong, a former British Conservative politician, and the current chairman of the BBC Trust....
had violated the Joint Declaration, another Legislative Council
Provisional Legislative Council
The Provisional Legislative Council or the PLC was the interim legislature of Hong Kong from 1997 to 1998. The legislature was founded in Guangzhou and sat in Shenzhen from 1996 until the handover in 1997 and moved to Hong Kong to serves as the temporary replacement of Legislative Council of Hong...
of the new SAR government was founded in 1996 in control of the Pro-Beijing camp.
Post-1997
Since 1997, more new political groups have been formed. With the advantage of the functional constituencyFunctional constituency
In the political systems of Hong Kong and Macau, a functional constituency is a professional or special interest group involved in the electoral process...
, Pro-Beijing camp have never lost being the majority in the LegCo in the collaboration of the DAB and the elitist party in colonial period, Liberal Party
Liberal Party (Hong Kong)
Liberal Party is a business-friendly liberal conservative political party in Hong Kong.-Party beliefs:The party is known for its conservative and business-friendly policies. Despite being a political party friendly with Beijing, it fits in the centre-right political spectrum...
. On 1 July 2003, a peaceful crowd of 500,000 protested against the legislation of the controversial Article 23
Hong Kong Basic Law Article 23
Hong Kong Basic Law Article 23 is the basis of a security law proposed by the Government of Hong Kong. It states:On 24 September 2002 the government released its proposals for the anti-subversion law. It is the cause of considerable controversy and division in Hong Kong, which operates as a...
of the Basic Law
Hong Kong Basic Law
The Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China, or simply Hong Kong Basic Law, serves as the constitutional document of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China...
. James Tien
James Tien
James Tien Pei-chun GBS OBE JP is the former Chairman of the Liberal Party , a pro-business and pro-Beijing political party in Hong Kong, and former member of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong . He was also a member of the District Council of Hong Kong in the Central and Western district...
, the leader of Liberal Party from the Executive Council
Executive Council of Hong Kong
The Executive Council of Hong Kong is a core policy-making organ in the executive branch of the government of Hong Kong.. The Chief Executive of Hong Kong serves as its President.The Executive Council normally meets once a week...
and forced the government to delay the second reading of the legislation. The stance of DAB for the Article 23 was strongly criticised and led to their major loss in the Hong Kong district councils election, 2003
Hong Kong district councils election, 2003
The 2003 Hong Kong District Councils election was held on 23 November 2003. Election was held to all 18 districts of Hong Kong, for 400 members from directly elected constituencies out of total 534 council members, the second district councils election after the handover of Hong Kong in 1997...
.
Pro-Beijing camp members only share the political ideologies of being closer to Beijing
Beijing
Beijing , also known as Peking , is the capital of the People's Republic of China and one of the most populous cities in the world, with a population of 19,612,368 as of 2010. The city is the country's political, cultural, and educational center, and home to the headquarters for most of China's...
, but vary on other issues within the context of Hong Kong
Hong Kong
Hong Kong is one of two Special Administrative Regions of the People's Republic of China , the other being Macau. A city-state situated on China's south coast and enclosed by the Pearl River Delta and South China Sea, it is renowned for its expansive skyline and deep natural harbour...
.
Parties
- The Democratic Alliance for the Betterment and Progress of Hong Kong (10)
- Hong Kong Federation of Trade UnionsHong Kong Federation of Trade UnionsThe Hong Kong Federation of Trade Unions is a pro-Beijing labour and political group in Hong Kong. It is the largest labour group in Hong Kong with over 341,000 members in 181 affiliates and 62 associated trade unions.-Policies:...
(4) - Liberal PartyLiberal Party (Hong Kong)Liberal Party is a business-friendly liberal conservative political party in Hong Kong.-Party beliefs:The party is known for its conservative and business-friendly policies. Despite being a political party friendly with Beijing, it fits in the centre-right political spectrum...
(3) - New People's PartyNew People's PartyNew People's Party may refer to:* Liberal People's Party , political party in Norway.* New People's Party , political party in Korea.* New People's Party , political party in Hong Kong....
(1) - Federation of Hong Kong and Kowloon Labour UnionsFederation of Hong Kong and Kowloon Labour UnionsThe Federation of Hong Kong and Kowloon Labour Unions , is the third largest trade union in Hong Kong next to Hong Kong Federation of Trade Unions and Hong Kong Confederation of Trade Unions, having 72 trade unions in total. It was established in 1984. Li Fung-ying, the vice-chairman of the trade...
(1) - New Century ForumNew Century ForumNew Century Forum is a political party in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China. The group comprises professionals, businessmen and academics, and aims to represent the voice of the middle-class...
- Professional Forum
- Civil ForceCivil ForceCivil Force is a community alliance in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China. It was established in 1993 by a former member of United Democrats of Hong Kong, Lau Kong-wah and 8 other Sha Tin District Board members. The group is active on local district...