Petre Melikishvili
Encyclopedia
Petre Melikishvili Georgian
Georgian people
The Georgians are an ethnic group that have originated in Georgia, where they constitute a majority of the population. Large Georgian communities are also present throughout Russia, European Union, United States, and South America....

 chemist (1850–1927). He was the co-founder of Tbilisi State University
Tbilisi State University
Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University , better known as Tbilisi State University , is a university established on 8 February 1918 in Tbilisi, Georgia. TSU is the oldest university in the whole Caucasus region...

 (TSU) and the first Rector of TSU.

Biography

In 1868 he finished Tbilisi First Gymnasium and in 1872 Novorossiya University
Odessa University
The I. I. Mechnikov Odessa National University , located in Odessa, Ukraine, is one of the country's major universities. It was founded in 1865, by an edict of Czar Alexander II of Russia, reorganizing the Richelieu Lyceum of Odessa into the new Imperial Novorossiya University. In the Soviet...

, faculty of Physics and mathematics, department of Natural Sciences. in 1873 he is abroad were he acquainted L.Mayer's and Vilicenuce's laboratories. In 1876 he started working in the chemical laboratory of Novorossiya University. In 1881 he became Magister of the chemistry and in 1885 he became Doctor of the Chemistry.
In 1884 he is a docent and from 1885 until 1917 he was Professor of Novorrossiya University.

Works

His works in Organic Chemistry
Organic chemistry
Organic chemistry is a subdiscipline within chemistry involving the scientific study of the structure, properties, composition, reactions, and preparation of carbon-based compounds, hydrocarbons, and their derivatives...

 developed Stereochemical Theory. Melikishvili discovered one of the class of organic compounds
Chemical compound
A chemical compound is a pure chemical substance consisting of two or more different chemical elements that can be separated into simpler substances by chemical reactions. Chemical compounds have a unique and defined chemical structure; they consist of a fixed ratio of atoms that are held together...

 Glycidacids (named by him). The second cycle of his works are about Inorganic Chemistry
Inorganic chemistry
Inorganic chemistry is the branch of chemistry concerned with the properties and behavior of inorganic compounds. This field covers all chemical compounds except the myriad organic compounds , which are the subjects of organic chemistry...

. Melikishvili with his pupil L. Pizarjevski synthesized superacids of some elements (U, Nb, Ta, W, Mo, B, Ti, V) (1897–1913). they also showed that from many supposed formulas of Hydrogen Peroxide
Hydrogen peroxide
Hydrogen peroxide is the simplest peroxide and an oxidizer. Hydrogen peroxide is a clear liquid, slightly more viscous than water. In dilute solution, it appears colorless. With its oxidizing properties, hydrogen peroxide is often used as a bleach or cleaning agent...

 the correct is H-O-O-H.

In Tbilisi State University

Melikishvili has a big merit in creation of Georgian Chemical Terminology. He founded four chemical laboratories and departments of Inorganic, Organic and Agronomic Chemistry in TSU.

External links

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