Perioperative
Encyclopedia
The perioperative period, less commonly spelled the peroperative period, is the time period describing the duration of a patient's surgical procedure; this commonly includes ward admission, anesthesia
, surgery, and recovery. Perioperative generally refers to the three phases of surgery: preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative. The goal of perioperative care is to provide better conditions for patients before operation, during operation, and after operation.
, attempt to limit preoperational anxiety
and may include the preoperative fasting
.
and blood salvage
may also be performed during this time.
During cataract extraction, intraoperative floppy iris syndrome
may occur and, in oncological surgery, intraoperative consultation occurs.
Anesthesia
Anesthesia, or anaesthesia , traditionally meant the condition of having sensation blocked or temporarily taken away...
, surgery, and recovery. Perioperative generally refers to the three phases of surgery: preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative. The goal of perioperative care is to provide better conditions for patients before operation, during operation, and after operation.
Perioperative
Peri-op care is the care that is given before, during and after surgery. It takes places in hospitals, in surgical centers attached to hospitals, in freestanding surgical centers or health care providers' offices. This period is used to prepare the patient both physically and psychologically for the surgical procedure and after surgery. For emergent surgeries this period can be short and even oblivious to the patient; for elective surgeries "preops" can be quite lengthy. Information obtained during preoperative assessment is used as a basis for the care plan for the patient.Preoperative
The preoperative phase is used to perform testsMedical test
A diagnostic test is any kind of medical test performed to aid in the diagnosis or detection of disease. For example:* to diagnose diseases, and preferably sub-classify it regarding, for example, severity and treatability...
, attempt to limit preoperational anxiety
Preoperational anxiety
Preoperational anxiety is a universal reaction experienced by patients who are admitted to the hospital for surgery. Just the initial idea of having surgical procedures can bring about very high levels of anxiety in patients...
and may include the preoperative fasting
Preoperative fasting
Preoperative fasting is the practice of a patient abstaining from oral food and fluid intake for a time before an operation is performed. This is intended to prevent pulmonary aspiration of stomach contents during general anesthesia.-Pulmonary aspiration:...
.
Intraoperative
The intraoperative period begins when the patient is transferred to the operating room bed and ends when the transfer of a patient to the postanesthesia care unit (PACU). During this period the patient is monitored, anesthetized, prepped, and draped, and the operation is performed. Nursing activities during this period focus on safety, infection prevention, and physiological response to anesthesia. Radiation therapyIntraoperative radiation therapy
Intraoperative radiation therapy is applying therapeutic levels of radiation to a target area, such as a cancer tumor, while the area is exposed during surgery.- Applications :...
and blood salvage
Intraoperative blood salvage
Intraoperative blood salvage, also known as autologous blood salvage, is a medical procedure involving recovering blood lost during surgery and re-infusing it into the patient....
may also be performed during this time.
During cataract extraction, intraoperative floppy iris syndrome
Intraoperative floppy iris syndrome
Intraoperative floppy iris syndrome is a complication that may occur during cataract extraction in certain patients. This syndrome is characterized by a flaccid iris which billows in response to ordinary intraocular fluid currents, a propensity for this floppy iris to prolapse towards the area of...
may occur and, in oncological surgery, intraoperative consultation occurs.