Pazarcık Stele
Encyclopedia
The Pazarcık Stele is an Assyrian
Assyrian
-In antiquity:*ancient Assyria**the Old Assyrian period **the Middle Assyrian period **the Neo-Assyrian period *Either of two provinces of the Persian Empire:**Achaemenid Assyria...

 document which functioned as a boundary stone erected by the Assyrian kings to demarcate the border between their client kingdoms of Kummuh
Kummuh
thumb|250px|right|Historical map of the Neo-Hittite states, ca. 800 BC, showing the location of Kummuh.Kummuh is an Iron Age Neo-Hittite kingdom located on the west bank of the Upper Euphrates within the easternly loop of the river between Malatya and Carchemish. Assyrian sources refer both to the...

 and Gurgum. The reverse and obverse of the stele have been inscribed in the Akkadian language in different times.

In 805 BCE, as reported on the Pazarcık Stele, Kummuh king Ušpilulume (Šuppiluliuma) asked for the assistance of the Assyrian king Adad-nirari III
Adad-nirari III
Adad-nirari III was King of Assyria from 811 to 783 BC. He was the son and successor of Shamshi-Adad V, and was apparently quite young at the time of his accession, because for the first five years of his reign his mother Shammuramat acted as regent, which may have given rise to the legend of...

against the a coalition of eight kings led by Ataršumki of Arpad. Adad-nirari apparently travelled with his mother Šammuramat, defeated the alliance, and established the border between Kummuh and Gurgum at Pazarcık.

In 773 BCE, the same boundary was re-established by Assyrian general (turtanu) Šamši-ilu acting on behalf of Assyrian king Shalmaneser IV.

Sources

Edwin Clifford-Coupe, Settling a boundary dispute, Ancient Warfare vol. v-4, pp. 10-12, 2011.
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