Pathogenesis-related protein
Encyclopedia
Pathogenesis-related proteins are protein
s produced in plants in the event of a pathogen
attack. They are induced
as part of systemic acquired resistance
.
Many proteins found in wine
are grape pathogen-related proteins. Those include thaumatin
-like proteins and chitinase
s.
Salicylic acid
plays a role in the resistance
to pathogens by inducing the production of pathogenesis-related proteins.
Protein
Proteins are biochemical compounds consisting of one or more polypeptides typically folded into a globular or fibrous form, facilitating a biological function. A polypeptide is a single linear polymer chain of amino acids bonded together by peptide bonds between the carboxyl and amino groups of...
s produced in plants in the event of a pathogen
Pathogen
A pathogen gignomai "I give birth to") or infectious agent — colloquially, a germ — is a microbe or microorganism such as a virus, bacterium, prion, or fungus that causes disease in its animal or plant host...
attack. They are induced
Enzyme induction and inhibition
Enzyme induction is a process in which a molecule induces the expression of an enzyme.Enzyme inhibition can refer to* the inhibition of the expression of the enzyme by another molecule...
as part of systemic acquired resistance
Systemic acquired resistance
The systemic acquired resistance is a "whole-plant" resistance response that occurs following an earlier localized exposure to a pathogen. SAR is analogous to the innate immune system found in animals, and there is evidence that SAR in plants and innate immunity in animals may be evolutionarily...
.
Many proteins found in wine
Proteins in wine
Proteins are present in wine. The most common proteins include thaumatin-like proteins and chitinases and have a role in the formation of turbidity especially visible in white wine. The quantity of haze forming is dependant on the quantity of phenolics in the wine.Some of those proteins are...
are grape pathogen-related proteins. Those include thaumatin
Thaumatin
Thaumatin is a low-calorie sweetener and flavour modifier. The substance, a natural protein, is often used primarily for its flavour-modifying properties and not exclusively as a sweetener....
-like proteins and chitinase
Chitinase
Chitinases are hydrolytic enzymes that break down glycosidic bonds in chitin. As chitin is a component of the cell walls of fungi and exoskeletal elements of some animals , chitinases are generally found in organisms that either need to reshape their own chitin or dissolve and digest the chitin of...
s.
Salicylic acid
Salicylic acid
Salicylic acid is a monohydroxybenzoic acid, a type of phenolic acid and a beta hydroxy acid. This colorless crystalline organic acid is widely used in organic synthesis and functions as a plant hormone. It is derived from the metabolism of salicin...
plays a role in the resistance
Plant disease resistance
Plant disease resistance is crucial to the reliable production of food, and it provides significant reductions in agricultural use of fuel, land, water and other inputs. There are numerous examples of devastating plant disease impacts , as well as recurrent severe plant disease issues...
to pathogens by inducing the production of pathogenesis-related proteins.