Par
Encyclopedia
In golf
- Par (score)Par (score)The word "par" is a term in the game of golf used to denote the pre-determined number of strokes that a scratch golfer should require to complete a hole, a round , or a tournament...
is a predetermined number of strokes that a scratch golfer should require to complete a hole. - Par (golf scoring format)Par (golf scoring format)This article is about the scoring system "Par", that is commonly used in Australian club golf as an alternative to Stableford and normal stroke play. The Par page provides a general definition of par on a golf hole....
, scoring format for golf used as an alternative to Stableford and stroke play
In television, video and on stage
- Parabolic aluminized reflector lightParabolic aluminized reflector lightA parabolic aluminized reflector lamp is a type of electric lamp that is widely used in commercial, residential, and transportation illumination. Usage includes locomotive headlamps, aircraft landing lights, and residential and commercial recessed lights...
, (PAR) a stage lighting fixture. - Pixel aspect ratioPixel aspect ratioPixel aspect ratio is a mathematical ratio that describes how the width of a pixel in a digital image compares to the height of that pixel....
, the aspect ratio of a single pixel in digital imaging and video - Picture Aspect Ratio or Aspect ratio (image)Aspect ratio (image)The aspect ratio of an image is the ratio of the width of the image to its height, expressed as two numbers separated by a colon. That is, for an x:y aspect ratio, no matter how big or small the image is, if the width is divided into x units of equal length and the height is measured using this...
, the aspect ratio of a still image or a motion picture as displayed on screen. - Parks and RecreationParks and RecreationParks and Recreation is an American comedy television series on NBC that focuses on Leslie Knope , a mid-level bureaucrat in the parks department of Pawnee, a fictional town in Indiana. Created by Greg Daniels and Michael Schur, the series debuted on April 9, 2009; it has run for three seasons and...
: a 2008-present comedy series from the creators of the Office.
In computing
- Page address registerPage address registerA page address register contains the physical addresses of pages currently held in the main memory of a computer system. PARs are used in order to avoid excessive use of an address table in some operating systems. A PAR may check a page's number against all entries in the PAR simultaneously,...
- .par and .par2, ParchiveParchiveParchive is an open source software project that emerged in 2001 to develop a parity file format, as conceived by Tobias Rieper and Stefan Wehlus...
file types containing recovery data used to fix other files - .par, file type associated with Solid EdgeSolid EdgeSolid Edge is a 3D CAD parametric feature solid modeling software. It runs on Microsoft Windows and provides solid modeling, assembly modelling and drafting functionality for mechanical engineers...
document - .par, platform archive files for Eclipse VirgoSpringSource dm ServerSpringSource dm Server is an open source, OSGi-based, Java application server developed by SpringSource, now a division of VMware. SpringSource dm Server supports the deployment of OSGi bundles and unmodified Java web applications as well as OSGi-influenced Shared Libraries WARs and Shared Services...
- Par (command)Par (command)The computer program par is a text formatting utility for Unix, written by Adam M. Costello as a replacement for the fmt command.Par reformats paragraphs of text to fit into a given line length optimally, keeping prefixes and suffixes intact, which is useful for formatting source code comments...
, command to reformat paragraphs of text - Positive acknowledgment with re-transmission, TCP/IP method of reliable data transmission
- Abbreviation for the Perl Archive ToolkitPerl Archive ToolkitPerl Archive Toolkit is a cross-platform packaging and deployment tool for computer applications and libraries written in the Perl programming language. Its name is inspired by Java's JAR technology...
module for the Perl programming language. Uses the .par file name extension as well.
In culture
- Par contractOptimum contract and par contractOptimum contract and par contract are two closely related terms in the card game contract bridge:-Optimum contract:The optimum contract is that contract which offers the best chances, in unopposed bidding, of gaining bonus points for part-score, game or slam whilst minimising the risk of failure...
, a bridge contract that results from optimal bidding by both sides and which neither side could improve by further bidding - "Par Lenor", character played by Max Grodénchik in the Star Trek: The Next Generation episode "The Perfect Mate"
- Par-T-OnePar-T-OnePar-t-one is Italian punk and house band led by Sergio Casu aka Sergione and Andrea Pareo. They have also been sought after as remixers and House DJs...
, Italian electroclash band led by Sergione Casu and Andrea Pareo - Par., an abbreviation of the ParalipomenonBooks of ChroniclesThe Books of Chronicles are part of the Hebrew Bible. In the Masoretic Text, it appears as the first or last book of the Ketuvim . Chronicles largely parallels the Davidic narratives in the Books of Samuel and the Books of Kings...
In geography
- Khokhra Par (neighborhood)Khokhra Par (neighborhood)Khokara Par is one of the neighbourhoods of Malir Town in Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan.There are several ethnic groups in Khokhra Par including Muhajirs, Punjabis, Sindhis, Kashmiris, Seraikis, Pakhtuns, Balochis, Memons, Bohras, Ismailis, etc. Over 99% of the population is Muslim...
, a neighborhood of Malir Town in Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan - Par, CornwallPar, CornwallPar is a town and fishing port with a harbour on the south coast of Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. The town is situated in the civil parish of Tywardreath and Par and is approximately east of St Austell. Par has a population of around 1,400.....
, a village in England, United Kingdom - Par, TibetPar, TibetPar is a village in the Tibet Autonomous Region of China.-See also:*List of towns and villages in Tibet...
, a place in Tibet - PAR, the IOC and UNDP country code of ParaguayParaguayParaguay , officially the Republic of Paraguay , is a landlocked country in South America. It is bordered by Argentina to the south and southwest, Brazil to the east and northeast, and Bolivia to the northwest. Paraguay lies on both banks of the Paraguay River, which runs through the center of the...
- Participatory action researchParticipatory action researchParticipatory action research – or action research – is a recognized form of experimental research that focuses on the effects of the researcher's direct actions of practice within a participatory community with the goal of improving the performance quality of the community or an area of...
, a methodology for community-based development.
In economics and organizations
- Aragonese PartyAragonese PartyThe Aragonese Party is a political party which advocates the interests of Aragon within Spain. The party was founded in 1978 under the name Aragonese Regionalist Party, but changed its name in 1990, keeping the initials PAR....
(Spanish: Partido Aragonés or "PAR"), political party which advocates the interests of Aragon within Spain - Haw Par CorporationHaw Par CorporationHaw Par Corporation Limited is involved in healthcare and leisure products. It is the company responsible for Tiger Balm ointment. Its brands include Tiger, Kwan Loong and it also owns and operates weekend and leisure time destinations such as oceanariums and bowling centers.The Haw Par Group...
, company responsible for Tiger Balm ointment, based in Singapore - Pan Am RailwaysPan Am RailwaysPan Am Railways, Inc. , known as Guilford Rail System before March 2006, is a holding company that owns and operates Class II regional railroads covering northern New England from Mattawamkeag, Maine to Rotterdam Junction, New York...
, commonly abbreviated as "PAR" - Par PharmaceuticalPar PharmaceuticalPar Pharmaceutical develops, manufactures and markets generic and branded specialty pharmaceuticals. Par was founded in 1978 and initially traded on the New York Stock Exchange in 1987...
, a manufacturer of generic drugs based in Woodcliff Lake, New Jersey, United States - Par valuePar valuePar value, in finance and accounting, means stated value or face value. From this comes the expressions at par , over par and under par ....
, financial term for the value of a security - Portuguese Association of Ryerson, Portuguese-Canadian Educational group
- Pull to parPull to parPull to Par is the effect in which the price of a bond converges to par value as time passes. At maturity the price of a debt instrument in good standing should equal its par .Another name for this effect is reduction of maturity....
, financial economics concept - Parkinson's Association of the RockiesParkinson's Association of the RockiesThe Parkinson Association of the Rockies is a Colorado care and research not-for-profit organization whose aim is to enhance the quality of life for individuals with Parkinson's disease through education, research, awareness and support for those with Parkinson's disease, their families and the...
, care and research not-for-profit organization
In medicine
- Post anesthesia recoveryPost anesthesia care unitA post-anesthesia care unit, often abbreviated PACU and sometimes referred to as post-anesthesia recovery or PAR, is a vital part of hospitals, ambulatory care centers, and other medical facilities...
, a hospital area where patients recover from anesthesia - Parkinson's Association of the RockiesParkinson's Association of the RockiesThe Parkinson Association of the Rockies is a Colorado care and research not-for-profit organization whose aim is to enhance the quality of life for individuals with Parkinson's disease through education, research, awareness and support for those with Parkinson's disease, their families and the...
, care and research not-for-profit organization
In science and technology
- Parabolic aluminized reflectorParabolic aluminized reflector lightA parabolic aluminized reflector lamp is a type of electric lamp that is widely used in commercial, residential, and transportation illumination. Usage includes locomotive headlamps, aircraft landing lights, and residential and commercial recessed lights...
or "PAR light", a type of floodlight - Participatory Action ResearchParticipatory action researchParticipatory action research – or action research – is a recognized form of experimental research that focuses on the effects of the researcher's direct actions of practice within a participatory community with the goal of improving the performance quality of the community or an area of...
, research methodology - Phased array radar
- Photosynthetically active radiationPhotosynthetically active radiationPhotosynthetically active radiation, often abbreviated PAR, designates the spectral range of solar radiation from 400 to 700 nanometers that photosynthetic organisms are able to use in the process of photosynthesis. This spectral region corresponds more or less with the range of light visible to...
, measurement of the amount of photosynthetically active wavelengths in light - Population attributable risk, a epidemiological value describing the excess incidence of disease in a community that is associated with a risk factor
- Possible Allergic Reaction, warning accompanying some E number encodings for food additives
- Precision Approach RadarPrecision Approach RadarPrecision approach radar is a type of radar guidance system designed to provide lateral and vertical guidance to an aircraft pilot for landing, until the landing threshold is reached. After the aircraft reaches the decision height or decision altitude , guidance is advisory only...
, military instrument approach system - Pro Action Replay, brand of expansion cartridges for various home video game consoles
- Protease-activated receptorProtease-activated receptorProtease-activated receptors are a subfamily of related G protein-coupled receptors that are activated by cleavage of part of their extracellular domain. They are highly expressed in platelets, but also on endothelial cells, myocytes and neurons....
, cell receptor that is activated by cleavage - Peak-to-average ratio
- Pseudoautosomal regionPseudoautosomal regionThe pseudoautosomal regions, PAR1 and PAR2 are homologous sequences of nucleotides on the X and Y chromosomes.The pseudoautosomal regions get their name because any genes located within them are inherited just like any autosomal genes...
, Homologous DNA sequences on X and Y chromosmes - PAR the IATA airport code covering all airports in Paris, France
- PolyADP ribosylation, a posttranslational modification of proteins that involves the addition of multiple ADP and ribose moieties
- the ⅋ operator in linear logicLinear logicLinear logic is a substructural logic proposed by Jean-Yves Girard as a refinement of classical and intuitionistic logic, joining the dualities of the former with many of the constructive properties of the latter...